HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
Triazolam
Songar · Halcyon · Asasion · Halcion · U-33,030 · novidorm · Novodorm · D II-18-2
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 28911-01-5 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C17H12Cl2N4 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 343,2 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 342,0439018 g/mol |
| SMILES | Cc1nnc2n1-c1ccc(Cl)cc1C(c1ccccc1Cl)=NC2 |
| InChIKey | JOFWLTCLBGQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 5556 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL646 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:9674 |
| EC No. | 249-307-3 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6046763 |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 2,4 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 43,1 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 3 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 1 |
| Schwere Atome | 23 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 472 |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 2.42log Kow = 2.425.5 |
| LogS | -4.08 |
| Color/Form | Tan crystals from 2-propanolA white or pale yellow crystalline powder |
| Löslichkeit | 4.53Poorly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol.In water, 4.53 mg/L @ 25 °C /Estimated/1.83e-02 g/LDMF: 30 mg/mlDMF:PBS(pH 7.2)(1:1): 0.5 mg/mlDMSO: 20 mg/mlEthanol: 10 mg/ml30mg/L(ambient temperature) |
| Schmelzpunkt | 233-235 °C233 - 235 °C209-212°C |
| Dampfdruck | 4.5X10-9 mm Hg @ 25 °C /Estimated/ |
| Henry-Konstante | Henry's Law constant = 7.2X10-12 atm-cu cm/mol @ 25 °C /Estimated/ |
| Physical Description | Solid |
| Kovats Retention Index | 3017300829923025300730003010301830203023304331873036.13034.23041.63031.5 |
| Collision Cross Section | 172.4 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TWMethod: Major Mix IMS/Tof Calibration Kit (Waters)]173.8 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DTMethod: single field calibrated] |
| Other Experimental Properties | Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 5.0X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec @ 25 °C /Estimated/ |
| Siedepunkt | 499.51°C (rough estimate) |
| Dichte | 1.2835 (rough estimate) |
| Brechungsindex | 1.6300 (estimate) |
| Flammpunkt | 11 °C |
| Lagerbedingungen | 2-8°C |
| Aggregatzustand | A crystalline solid |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | pKa 1.52(H2O) (Uncertain)6.5(H2O) (Uncertain) |
| CAS Datenbank | 28911-01-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Triazolam(28911-01-5) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Triazolam (28911-01-5) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 3% (1 of 33) of reports.DangerH360 (90.9%): May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]H362 (93.9%): May cause harm to breast-fed children [Reproductive toxicity, effects on or via lactation]P203, P260, P263, P264, P270, P280, P318, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 33 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 33 reports by companies.There are 4 notifications provided by 32 of 33 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Hazard Traits - Developmental ToxicityAuthoritative List - Prop 65Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the productDEA schedule IV controlled substanceTriazolam: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right. |
| FDA-Anforderungen | Schedules of controlled substances are established by section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812). Schedule IV depressants includes any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of triazolam, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers whenever the existence of such salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation. DEA Code Number: 2887.The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl triazolam, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Repr. 1B (90.9%)Lact. (93.9%) |
| Lagerbedingungen | Triazolam tablets should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers at a controlled room temperature of 20-25 °C. |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. |
| Treatment | Flumazenil, a specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, is indicated for the complete or partial reversal of the sedative effects of benzodiazepines and may be used in situations when an overdose with a benzodiazepine is known or suspected. Prior to the administration of flumazenil, necessary measures should be instituted to secure airway, ventilation and intravenous access. (L1712) |
| Wechselwirkungen | Nefazodone increases the AUC of triazolam fourfold, resulting in impairment of psychomotor functiona 75% reduction in triazolam dosage is recommended during concurrent use.Isoniazid may inhibit the elimination of triazolam, resulting in increased plasma concentrations.Concurrent administration of disulfiram and benzodiazepines may result in inhibition of metabolism of some benzodiazepines. Disulfiram has reduce the plasma clearance and increased the plasma half-lives of chlordiazepoxide and diazepam during concomitant administration. It is likely that other benzodiazepines that undergo oxidative metabolism (eg, alprazolam, clonazepam, clorazepate, flurazepam, halazepam, prazepam, triazolam) would also interact with disulfiram. /Benzodiazepines/Additive CNS depression may occur when benzodiazepines are administered concomitantly with other CNS depressants, including other anticonvulsants and alcohol. /Benzodiazepines/For more Interactions (Complete) data for TRIAZOLAM (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Following acute overdose, clinical symptoms or manifestations may include sleepiness, which, following larger overdose can range from stage zero to stage one coma. Initially, excitement may be seen as a result of the disinhibition effects of these drugs, which then progresses to central nervous system depression, hypotension, respiratory depression, and coma (A629). |
| Hepatotoxicity | Triazolam, like other benzodiazepines, is rarely associated with serum ALT and alkaline phosphatase elevations, and clinically apparent liver injury from triazolam is rare. There have been no well described case reports of acute liver injury from triazolam, except for a single report of severe and prolonged cholestatic liver injury ultimately leading to death from hepatic failure. Isolated single cases of clinically apparent cholestatic liver injury have been reported with other benzodiazepines including alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, diazepam, flurazepam, lorazepam, and triazolam. The clinical pattern of acute liver injury from benzodiazepines is typically self-limited in course, mild-to-moderate in severity and with a latency of 1 to 6 months. Fever and rash are uncommon as is autoantibody formation.Likelihood score: D (possible rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury). |
| Expositionspfade | Inhalationdermal or skin contactingestion (MSDS, A308). Bioavailability is 44% (oral) and 53% (sublingual). |
| Milk Concentrations | It is not known whether triazolam is distributed into milk in humanshowever, the drug and its metabolites are distributed into milk in rats. |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to bezodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and BNZ2, which affects affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA<sub>A</sub>) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increasing GABA affinity for the GABA receptor. Binding of GABA to the site opens the chloride channel, resulting in a hyperpolarized cell membrane that prevents further excitation of the cell. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, slurred speech, motor inco-ordination, coma, and respiratory depression. |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Following acute overdose, clinical symptoms or manifestations may include sleepiness, which, following larger overdose can range from stage zero to stage one coma. Initially, excitement may be seen as a result of the disinhibition effects of these drugs, which then progresses to central nervous system depression, hypotension, respiratory depression, and coma ... . On occasion, anticholinergic symptoms such as dry mouth, tachycardia, dilated pupils, and absent bowel sounds may be seen. Patients who have been receiving or ingesting benzodiazepines on a chronic basis (40 to 80 mg or more per day for one to two months or more) may exhibit mild to moderate symptoms of withdrawal, with severe withdrawal symptoms seen in patients taking the drug for many months to years. Symptoms may include jitteriness, nervousness, anxiety, agitation, confusion, hallucinations, and seizures. Patients exhibiting withdrawal symptoms should be restarted on benzodiazepine and slowly withdrawn over a period of several months ... . In most cases, ingestion of a benzodiazepine agent of up to 1.5 g results in only minor toxicity, ie, CNS depression. Fatality, following oral ingestion, is rare unless a combination of drugs is taken with the benzodiazepine ... . /Benzodiazepines//SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Triazolam frequently has been noted to produce psychosis, delirium, coma, and complete, transient global amnesia when taken in normal oral doses or in minimal overdose. |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| Drug Induced Liver Injury | Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)TriazolamAmbiguous-DILI-concern4Adverse reactionsDOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015 |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ No evidence of carcinogenic potential was observed in mice receiving triazolam doses up to 4000 times the human dose for 24 mo./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ ... /Triazolam was given/ by gastric gavage to rats and rabbits in maximum total daily doses of 300 and 50 mg/kg respectively. Given during organogenesis, there was no teratogenic effect in either species. In the rabbit, doses of 3 and 50 mg/kg daily caused a decrease in implantations, viable fetuses, and fetal weight. |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 2 |
| UN-Transportnummer | 3249 |
| Zollcode | 2933910000 |
| RTECS-Nr. | XZ5472500 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 11-23/24/25-36/38-39/23/24/25 |
| Toxizität | LD50 in mice, rats (mg/kg): >100, >5000 orally (Pharm. Weekblad.) |
| Gefahrensymbole | F,T |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 22-24/25-26-36-45-36/37-16-7 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 6.1(b) |
| Verpackungsgruppe | III |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 28911-01-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Triazolam