Pyridoxine Hydrochloride

HCID 6019CAS 12001-77-3

Grundinformationen

Standard-SMILES
Cc1ncc(CO)c(CO)c1O.Cl
InChIKey
ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Summenformel
C8H11NO3.ClH
Durchschnittliche Molmasse
205,64 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse
205,05057092

Überblick

Bendectin is a white powder. (NTP, 1992)

Namen und Bezeichner

Bevorzugter Name
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
IUPAC
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol;hydrochloride
Englischer Name
VITAMIN B6
Summenformel
C8H11NO3
Molmasse
169.18

Namen und Synonyme

PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE58-56-0Pyridoxine HClVitamin B6 hydrochloridePyridoxol hydrochlorideAlestrolHexavibexBeesixPyridoxine chlorideHexa-BetalinAderoxineBonasanit
Weitere Namen anzeigen
PYRIDOXOLPYRIDOXIN4,5-BIS-HYDROXYMETHYL-2-METHYL-PYRIDIN-3-OL4,5-BIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2-METHYL-3-PYRIDINOL
HexerminHexobionPyridipcaBecilanBenadonPaxadonPydoxCampoviton 6

Datenbank-Bezeichner

CAS
12001-77-3、58-56-0、8064-77-5
PubChem CID
6019
DTXSID
DTXSID1040792
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1200756
ChEBI
CHEBI:30961
UNII
68Y4CF58BV
EC Number
200-386-2

Eigenschaften

Berechnete Struktureigenschaften

Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
73,6 Ų
H-Brücken-Donoren
4
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
4
Frei drehbare Bindungen
2
Schwere Atome
13

Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften

Chemical ClassesBiological Agents -> Vitamins and Derivatives
CosmeticsHair conditioning; Skin conditioning; Antistatic
pHpH of 10% "wt in vol" soln in water: 3.2
TasteBITTER TASTE
Food AdditivesNUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT -> FDA Substance added to food
Color/Form · 5 Einträge

Platelets or thick, birefringent rods from alcohol + acetone

PLATES FROM ALCOHOL, ACETONE

COLORLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS OR WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER

White to practically white crystals or crystalline powder.

Colorless-white platelets

Physikochemische Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt
159 · 159-162 °C(lit.)
Kosmetik-Inhaltsstoffe Funktionen
SKIN CONDITIONINGHAIR CONDITIONINGANTISTATIC

Sicherheit und Regulatorisches

GHS-Klassifizierung

GHS Classification · 5 Einträge

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 7.1% (22 of 309) of reports.

Danger

H318 (88.3%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P264+P265, P280, P305+P354+P338, and P317 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 309 reports by companies from 16 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Gefahrenhinweise

Regulatory Information · 4 Einträge

Chemical: 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-, hydrochloride

Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 (amended)

Status: Active Update: 16-07-2020 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17066

Pyridoxine hydrochloride: Non hazardous

Fire HazardsFlash point data for this chemical are not available. It is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)
Health Hazards · 1 Eintrag

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include drowsiness; lethargy; fatigue; disorientation; dizziness; unsteady gait; tinnitus; headache; blurred vision; nervousness; tremors; irritability; epigastric pain; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea and/or constipation; dry mouth; palpitations; hallucinations; hypnosis; coma and seizures. (NTP, 1992)

Hazards Summary · 1 Eintrag

Causes convulsions, excitement, other liver changes, and multiple enzyme effects in acute oral studies of rats; [RTECS] Excessive, chronic ingestion (2-5 g/d for several months) can cause peripheral neuropathy; [Olson, p. 446] May cause irritation; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]

FDA Requirements · 4 Einträge

Manufacturers, packers, and distributors of drug and drug products for human use are responsible for complying with the labeling, certification, and usage requirements as prescribed by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended (secs 201-902, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended; 21 U.S.C. 321-392).

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl pyridoxine hydrochloride, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 and 507 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Pyridoxine hydrochloride used as a nutrient and/or dietary supplement in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

Reactive GroupAcids, Carboxylic

Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung

Fire FightingFires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)
First Aid · 1 Eintrag

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Storage ConditionsPyridoxine hydrochloride preparations should be protected from light & stored in well-closed containers at a temperature < 40 degrees C, preferably between 15-30 degrees C; freezing of the injection should be avoided.
Nonfire Spill Response · 1 Eintrag

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

Disposal Methods · 1 Eintrag

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) · 1 Eintrag

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is stored, weighed and diluted, wear an approved half face respirator equipped with a combination cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) and a high efficiency particulate filter. (NTP, 1992)

Toxikologische Informationen

Body Burden · 3 Einträge

Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine are readily absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration; however, GI absorption may be diminished in patients with malabsorption syndromes or following gastric resection. Normal serum concentrations of pyridoxine are 30-80 ng/ml.

Vitamin B6 is stored mainly in the liver with lesser amounts in muscle & brain. The total body store of vitamin B6 is estimated to be about 167 mg. Pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate, the principal forms of the vitamin present in blood, are highly protein bound. Pyridoxal crosses the placenta, & plasma concn in the fetus are 5 times > maternal plasma concn. The concn of vitamin B6 in milk is about 150 240 mg/mL following maternal intake of 2.5 5 mg of vitamin B6 daily. Following maternal intake of < 2.5 mg of vitamin B6 daily, vitamin B6 concn in milk averages 130 mg/mL.

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is excreted in human breast milk. Concn in milk are directly proportional to intake. In well nourished women, pyridoxine levels varied, depending on intake, from 123-314 ng/ml. Peak pyridoxine milk levels occurred 3-8 hours after ingestion of a vitamin supplement. /Pyridoxine/

TreatmentAdminister charcoal as a slurry. (T273)
Interactions · 5 Einträge

... ANTAGONISM /OF PYRIDOXINE VITAMIN ACTIVITY/ IS POSSIBLE DURING TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION WITH DRUG HYDRALAZINE. /PYRIDOXINE/

... CONCURRENT ADMIN DOES NOT APPEAR TO ALTER CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF ISONIAZID IN ERADICATING TUBERCLE BACILLI IN HUMANS. ... PYRIDOXINE SHOULD NOT BE WITHHELD WHEN INDICATED IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ISONIAZID. /PYRIDOXINE/

CONCURRENT USE OF CARBIDOPA, PERIPHERAL DOPA DECARBOXYLASE INHIBITOR, PREVENTS LEVODOPA-INHIBITING EFFECTS OF PYRIDOXINE & CARBIDOPA-LEVODOPA COMBINATION PRODUCT IS RECOMMENDED FOR PATIENTS WHO ARE RECEIVING PYRIDOXINE SUPPLEMENTATION. /PYRIDOXINE/

SINGLE SC INJECTIONS OF EACH OF 5 SUBSTITUTED HYDRAZINES TO SWISS MICE: CONVULSIVE, TOXIC & LETHAL EFFECTS OF METHYLHYDRAZINE, ETHYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE , N-BUTYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE & BETA-N-[GAMMA-L(+)-GLUTAMYL]-4-HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYLHYDRAZINE PREVENTED BY PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Exposure RoutesOral; parenteral (intramuscular). The B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Pyridoxine is absorbed mainly in the jejunum.
Milk Concentrations · 1 Eintrag

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is excreted in human breast milk. Concn in milk are directly proportional to intake. In well nourished women, pyridoxine levels varied, depending on intake, from 123-314 ng/ml. Peak pyridoxine milk levels occurred 3-8 hours after ingestion of a vitamin supplement. /Pyridoxine/

Toxicity Summary · 1 Eintrag

Vitamin B6 is the collective term for a group of three related compounds, pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxamine (PM), and their phosphorylated derivatives, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). Although all six of these compounds should technically be referred to as vitamin B6, the term vitamin B6 is commonly used interchangeably with just one of them, pyridoxine. Vitamin B6, principally in its biologically active coenzyme form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Regulatorische Informationen

FDA Requirements · 4 Einträge

Manufacturers, packers, and distributors of drug and drug products for human use are responsible for complying with the labeling, certification, and usage requirements as prescribed by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended (secs 201-902, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended; 21 U.S.C. 321-392).

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl pyridoxine hydrochloride, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 and 507 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Pyridoxine hydrochloride used as a nutrient and/or dietary supplement in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

Sicherheitsdaten

wgk
3
RTECS-Nr.
UV1300000
risk_code
36/37/38
hazard_code
Xi
safety_code
26-36

Chemie und Industrie

Pharmakologische Informationen

Bionecessity · 5 Einträge

STATE OF DEFICIENCY: POOR GROWTH, ALOPECIA, POSTERIOR PARALYSIS ... DEGENERATION OF TAIL & HYPERIRRITABILITY ... IN DEFICIENT MICE. IN YOUNG RATS, GROWTH ... RETARDED ... CONVULSIONS COMMON. ... EYE & CALCULI PROBLEMS IN CATS ... OXALURIA & ... KIDNEY DAMAGE ... DECR GROWTH RATE, EMACIATION, ANEMIA, CONVULSIONS ... /VITAMIN B6/

STATE OF DEFICIENCY: ... IRON DEPOSITION IN LIVER. IN DEFICIENT DOG /DEPRESSES/ ANTIBODY PRODUCTION TO DISTEMPER & HEPATITIS ... RATS ... /SHOW/ SIMILAR IMPAIRMENT OF ANTIBODY SYNTHESIS TO ANOTHER ANTIGEN. ... DENTAL CARIES ... IN DEFICIENT HAMSTERS & MONKEYS, & INCR INCIDENCE OF CALCIUM OXALATE URINARY TRACT CALCULI. /VIT B6/

STATE OF DEFICIENCY: VET: ... GUINEA PIGS ... ANOREXIA, DECR GROWTH & VIGOR, ROUGH & THINNING HAIRCOATS, MUSCULAR INCOORDINATION, ENLARGED KIDNEYS & ADRENALS, ATROPHIC GONADS, & HYPEREMIC HEMORRHAGING CECA PRIOR TO DEATH... MONKEYS: WT LOSS, ANEMIA, ORAL LESIONS, OXALURIA, DIFFUSE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS & LIVER DISEASE. /VITAMIN B6/

STATE OF DEFICIENCY: ... IN HUMANS ... ACRODYNIA-LIKE SYNDROME ... EDEMA & LOSS OF HAIR, NERVE DEGENERATION ... BEHAVIORAL CHANGES & IN INFANTS, CONVULSIVE SEIZURES. /PYRIDOXINE/

For more Bionecessity (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Mechanism of Action · 4 Einträge

BRAIN GABA PRODN BEGAN TO RISE 7.5 MIN AFTER IP ADMIN OF 10 MG PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE & CONTINUED FOR 40 MIN, THEN DECLINED.

NUTRITIONAL NEED FOR VITAMIN B6 IS BASED ON ITS COENZYME FUNCTION IN AN UNUSUALLY LARGE NUMBER OF METABOLIC REACTIONS. ... REQUIRED IN METABOLISM OF AMINO ACIDS, FATS & CARBOHYDRATES & FOR SYNTHESIS OF PHYSIOLOGIC REGULATORS SUCH AS NOREPINEPHRINE, SEROTONIN & HISTAMINE.

PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE IS INVOLVED IN SEVERAL METABOLIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF AMINO ACIDS INCLUDING DECARBOXYLATION, TRANSAMINATION, & RACEMIZATION, AS WELL AS ENZYMATIC STEPS IN METABOLISM OF SULFUR-CONTAINING & HYDROXY AMINO ACIDS. /PYRIDOXINE/

PYRIDOXINE ... IS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE ENZYME GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE. /PYRIDOXINE/

Biological Half-Life · 2 Einträge

TRITIUM-LABELED PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE WAS ADMIN TO RATS. ISOTOPE EXCRETION IN URINE OCCURRED WITH HALF-LIFE OF 40-228 DAYS AFTER THE SECOND DAY OF THE EXPT. THE ELIMINATION RATE OF PYRIDOXINE WAS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTED BY PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE INTAKE.

Biologic half-life of pyridoxine appears to be 15-20 days.

Metabolism/Metabolites · 6 Einträge

ALL THREE FORMS OF VITAMIN B6 /PYRIDOXINE, PYRIDOXAL, & PYRIDOXAMINE/ ARE CONVERTED TO PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE IN BODY; PYRIDOXAL IS CONVERTED TO PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE BY ENZYME, PYRIDOXAL KINASE ... . /PYRIDOXINE/

/4-PYRIDOXIC ACID/ ... FORMED BY ACTION OF HEPATIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ON FREE PYRIDOXAL. ADMIN OF PYRIDOXINE ... RESULTS IN INCR EXCRETION OF PYRIDOXAL ... FIRST TRANSFORMED, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO PYRIDOXAL, WHICH IS THEN OXIDIZED TO 4-PYRIDOXIC ACID ... . /PYRIDOXINE/

In erythrocytes, pyridoxine is converted to pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine is converted to pyridoxamine phosphate. In the liver, pyridoxine is phosphorylated to pyridoxine phosphate and transaminated to pyridoxal and pyridoxamine which are rapidly phosphorylated. Riboflavin is required for the conversion of pyridoxine phosphate to pyridoxal phosphate. The principal forms of the vitamin in the blood are pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate.

In humans, an exogenous source of vitamin B6, is required for amino acid metab; the vitamin is also involved in carbohydrate & lipid metab. Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, & pyridoxamine are converted to the active forms of the vitamin, pyridoxal phosphate & pyridoxamine phosphate, which act as coenzymes in a wide variety of reactions in intermed metab. The active forms of the vitamin are involved in transamination of amino acids & in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin. Pyridoxine appears to be essential in the synth of y aminobutyric acid (GABA) within the CNS & in the synth of heme. Pyridoxine deficiency results in the accum & urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid (an intermed metabolite of tryptophan) & in decr glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity in erythrocytes; measurement of either of these may be used to diagnose pyridoxine deficiency. For detn of xanthurenic acid excretion, an oral loading dose of 2 10 g of tryptophan is usually given; urine is collected for 8 hours & then analyzed for xanthurenic acid. Urinary excretion of vitamin B6 or 4 pyridoxic acid can also be analyzed to determine pyridoxine deficiency.

In the liver pyridoxal is oxidized to 4-pyridoxic acid.

Hepatic. Half Life: 15-20 days

FDA Pharmacological Classification · 4 Einträge

PYRIDOXINE HCI

Vitamin B 6 [Chemical/Ingredient]; Analogs/Derivatives [Chemical/Ingredient]; Vitamin B6 Analog [EPC]

PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Vitamin B6 Analog [EPC]; Analogs/Derivatives [Chemical/Ingredient]; Vitamin B 6 [Chemical/Ingredient]

MeSH Pharmacological ClassificationA group of water-soluble vitamins, some of which are COENZYMES.

Verwendung und Herstellung

Uses · 6 Einträge

Vitamin B6 complex found in many foods, especially yeast, liver, and cereals; Used as a vitamin (enzyme cofactor); [Merck Index] Used as a basic industrial chemical, for other industrial applications, in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, as a food additive, and laboratory chemical; [IUCLID] Used as a nutritional supplement; [FDA]

MEDICATION

MEDICATION (VET)

FOOD ADDITIVE PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Medicine, nutrition (available as pyridoxine hydrochloride) /Pyridoxine/

Incorporated into many multivitamin preparations for prophylactic use /Pyridoxine/

Methods of Manufacturing · 3 Einträge

SYNTHESIS BY CONDENSATION OF CYANOACETAMIDE & ETHOXYACETYLACETONE: ... SYNTHESIS FROM 2-BUTANONE-1,4-DIOL & ALPHA-METHYLIMINOPROPIONITRILE: ... US PATENT 2,680,743 (1954 TO GEN ANILINE) ... .

SYNTHESIS FROM ETHYL PYRUVATE, ETHYL GLYCINATE, & 1,4-DIETHOXY-2-BUTANONE: ... US PATENT 2,904,551 (1959 TO MERCK & CO) ... FROM OXAZOLE & DIETHYL MALONATE.

Synthesis: Harris, Folkers, J Am Chem Soc 51,1242,1245,3307 (1939); P.G. Stevens, U.S. pats 2,680,743 and 2,734,063 (1954, 1956, both to Gen Aniline); P.I. Pollak, U.S. pats 2,904,551, 3,024,244, 3,024,245 (1959, 1962,1962 all to Merck and Co); E.E. Harris et al, J Org Chem 27, 2705 (1962); W. Boll, H. Konig, Ann 1979, 1657; T. Shono et al, Chem Letters 1982, 1121.

Formulations/Preparations · 5 Einträge

BONADOXIN AN ANTI-EMETIC; ANTISPASMODIC IS MIXTURE OF MECLIZINE & PYRIDOXINE HCL. /FROM TABLE/

DOSAGE FORMS: INJECTION USP: 50 & 100 MG/ML, 500 MG & 1 G/10 ML, 3 G/30 ML; TABLETS USP: 10, 25, 50, & 100 MG.

Oral capsules, 500 mg, Vitamin B-6 capsules, Solgar; Capsules, extended release, 100 mg, Vitamin B-6 T.R. Capsules, Scherer; 150 mg, Rodex(R) T.D., Legere; Tablets, 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, and tablets extended release, Vitamin B-6 Timed Tablets, Interstate.

Parenteral injection, 100 mg/ml, Beesix (R) (with benzyl alcohol), Forest; Hexa-Betalin (R) (with chlorobutanol), Lilly; Rodex (R), Legere.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is also commercially available in combination with other vitamins, minerals, amino acids, antihistamines, cerebral stimulants, enzymes, infant formulas, hormones, laxatives, protein supplements, sedatives, unsaturated fatty acids, and antituberculars. For iv infusion, pyridoxine hydrochloride is also commercially available in combination with other vitamins in caloric and electrolyte solutions.

Household ProductsInformation on 8 consumer products that contain Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B6 hydrochloride) in the following categories is provided:
Use ClassificationCosmetics -> Hair conditioning; Skin conditioning; Antistatic
General Manufacturing Information · 6 Einträge

3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-, hydrochloride (1:1): ACTIVE

RETENTION OF NATURAL PLUS ADDED VITAMIN B6 WAS 90-95% IN CORN MEAL & 100% IN MACARONI STORED @ 100 °F, 50% ROOM HEAT FOR 12 MO. ZERO LOSS WAS ENCOUNTERED ON PREPARING CORN BREAD. WHEN MACARONI WAS COOKED, ABOUT 50% ... WAS IN MACARONI & 50% IN DRAINED COOKING WATER. /VITAMIN B6/

INCOMPATIBILITIES: COMPATIBLE WITH PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE, STANDARD IV FLUIDS.

MILK PRODUCTS STORED IN ENAMEL OR RESIN-LINED CANS MAY ONLY HAVE 25% OF EXPECTED VITAMIN B6 POTENCY. /VITAMIN B6/

... SINCE PYRIDOXINE IS MOST STABLE, /OF NATURALLY OCCURRING PYRIDINES IN VITAMIN B6/ IT PROBABLY CONTRIBUTES THE MOST VITAMIN ACTIVITY TO DIET. /PYRIDOXINE/

For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Anbieter18 Anbieter

Hebei Zhuanglai Chemical Trading Co Ltd+86-16264648883 · [email protected]
Hebei Yanxi Chemical Co., Ltd.+86-17531190177 · [email protected]
上海迈瑞尔生化科技有限公司4006356688 18621169109 · [email protected]
合肥天健化工有限公司551-65418679 15856988503;15837135945 · [email protected]
河北茹麒科技有限公司176-03256889 17603256889 · [email protected]

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