Agrochemicals -> Pesticide active substancesActive substance -> EU Pesticides database: ApprovedPesticides -> Plant Growth RegulatorsPesticide (6-Benzyladenine) -> USDA PDB
LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient)
log Kow = 1.57
Color/Form
Colorless, fine needles
Löslichkeit
Insoluble in most common organic solventsSoluble in dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxideIn water, 0.00044 g/cu cm at 15 °CIn water, 60 mg/L at 20 °C0.06 mg/mL at 20 °CH2O: solubleSoluble in water, methanol and acetone. Slightly soluble in ethyl acetate and dichloromethane and toluene. Insoluble in n-hexane.
Schmelzpunkt
234-235 °C229 °C230-233 °C
Dampfdruck
2.373X10-6 mPa (1.79X10-11 mm Hg) at 20 °C3.3 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Physical Description
Colorless solidTechnical product is off-white solid[HSDB] White solidFormulated as soluble concentrate/liquid[Reference #1] Light yellow powder[Alfa Aesar MSDS]
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 3% (3 of 100) of reports.WarningH302 (51%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 100 reports by companies from 19 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]
Regulatorische Informationen
Chemical: 1H-Purin-6-amine, N-(phenylmethyl)-Commission Regulation (EC) No 2229/20042011/1/EU, Reg. (EU) 2020/2007, Reg. (EU) 2024/1206, Reg. (EU) 2026/372 , Reg.(EU) 2018/1266, Reg.(EU) No 540/2011N6-Benzyladenine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Gefahrenübersicht
An eye irritantA mild skin irritant in rabbits over 72 hoursNo evidence of skin sensitization in guinea pigsEvidence of renal injury observed in 13-week feeding study of rats at the highest dose tested (approximately 295 mg/kg in males and 322 mg/kg in females)Reduced maternal and fetal body weights observed in study of rats dosed by gavage on days 6-15 of gestation (maternal and developmental NOAEL's = 50 mg/kg/day)No other fetal effects or teratogenicity observed[HSDB] Causes lacrimation and somnolence in oral lethal-dose studies of rats and miceCauses changes in food intake, kidney, ureter, and bladder, and weight loss in 13-week feeding study of rats[RTECS] A skin and strong eye irritant[Aldrich MSDS]
Special Reports
USEPAReregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Database for N6 Benzyladenine (1214-39-7). (June 1994). Available from: http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/reregistration/status_page_n.htm as of October 17, 2008.
FIFRA-Anforderungen
The biochemical plant regulator 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) is exempt from the requirement of a tolerance in or on apple and pear when applied at a rate of less than or equal to 182 grams of active ingredient per acre per season, and in or on pistachio when applied at a rate of less than or equal to 60 grams of active ingredient per acre per season.
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
6-Benzylaminopurine is a plant growth regulator that belongs to the class of first generation synthetic cytokinin used in agriculture.6-Benzylaminopurine has been used:to induce sprouting in plant materials.in seed germination medium for culturing of seeds.to modify Murashige and Skoog (MS) media for shoot initiation.inhibitor of respiratory kinase in plants.6-Benzylaminopurine, benzyl adenine (BAP) is a synthetic cytokinin which together with auxins elicits plant growth and development responses. BAP is a widely use cytokinin supplement to plant growth media such as Murashige and Skoog medium, Gamborg’s medium, and Chu’s N6 medium.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
synthesis of 6-benzylaminopurine: To 5g hypoxanthine, add 20mL SOCl2, 0.25g DMAP, 10gBTC dissolved in 20mL SOCl2. Heat and add BTC/SOCl2 dropwise. Reflux (refrigerant cooling) to complete dissolution, steam out SOCl2 (containing phosgene, which is used for recovery), evaporated (drained), cooled to room temperature to obtain a milky yellow solid (6-chloropurine and DMAP.Hcl). Directly add 4g benzylamine and 25g triethylamine to it, heat to 70～80 ℃, or microwave heating, until the 6-chloropurine reaction is complete (TLC monitoring), add ethanol, the solid filtered out is washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain 7 g of product 6-benzylaminopurine with a brown color.Preparation and biological activity of 6-benzylaminopurine derivatives in plants and human cancer cells
Based on the Agency's assessment of the generic data for the active ingredient N6-benzyladenine, the Agency has sufficient information on the health effects of N6-benzyladenine and on its potential for causing adverse effects in fish and wildlife and the environment. The Agency has determined that N6-benzyladenine products, labeled and used as specified in this Reregistration Eligibility Decision document, will not pose unreasonable risks or adverse effects to humans or the environment. Therefore, the Agency concludes that products containing N6-benzyladenine and all uses are eligible for reregistration.
As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. N6-Benzyladenine is found on List B. Case No: 2040
Pesticide type: herbicide
Case Status: RED Approved 3/94
OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.
Active ingredient (AI): N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine
Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 12/28/90
AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for the case/AI..
Hazard Classes and Categories
Acute Tox. 4 (51%)Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 3
Do not contaminate water, food, or feed by storage and disposal. PESTICIDE STORAGE: Keep containers tightly closed when not in use. /6-Benzylaminopurine Technical/
Entsorgungsverfahren
PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Wastes resulting from the use of this product may be disposed of on site or at an approved waste disposal facility. CONTAINER DISPOSAL: Completely empty bag into manufacturing equipment. Then dispose of empty bag in /accordance with Federal, state, and local laws/. /6-Benzylaminopurine Technical/Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance, contact your Regional Office of the EPA. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwaters. /6-Benzylaminopurine Technical/For terrestrial uses. Do not apply directly to water, to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash waters or rinsate...Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system. /Configure/SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Preventive Measures
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.The Worker Protection Standard requires a Restricted Entry Interval (REI) of 12 hours for pesticide active ingredients /such as N6-benzyladenine/ with acute dermal toxicity and skin and eye irritation in toxicity categories III and IV.Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco or using the toilet. Remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing. /Configure/If on skin or clothing take off contaminated clothing and rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. /Configure/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for BENZYLADENINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Allowable Tolerances
The biochemical plant regulator 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) is exempt from the requirement of a tolerance in or on apple and pear when applied at a rate of less than or equal to 182 grams of active ingredient per acre per season, and in or on pistachio when applied at a rate of less than or equal to 60 grams of active ingredient per acre per season.
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)
2.2 [mg/m3]24 [mg/m3]140 [mg/m3]
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
The Agency's Worker Protection Standard (WPS) sets standards for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for pesticide products based on the acute toxicity of the end-use product. Because the formulated products which contain N6-benzyladenine are in toxicity category II, the use of the following PPE is required: coveralls over short-sheeved shirt and short pantschemical-resistant footwear plus socksl chemical-resistant gloveschemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposurerespiratory protection devicesprotective eyewearand chemical-resistant apron when cleaning equipment, mixing, or loading.The use of a respirator and chemical-resistant gloves is also expected to adequately protect the applicator and mixer/loader ... The primary route of exposure is expected to be dermal. Chemical-resistant gloves and appropriate respiratory protection devices will mitigate the exposure substantially and adequately.AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS. Use this product only in accordance with its labelling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR Part 170 . This Standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries, and greenhouses, and handlers of agricultural pesticides It contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification and emergency assistance It also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the statements on the label about personal protective equipment (PPE) and restricted entry intervals ... Do no enter or allow entry into treated areas during the restricted entry interval (REI) of 12 hours. PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated such as, plants, soil or water is: CoverallsShoes plus socksChemical-resistant gloves such as barrier laminate, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, polyvinyl chloride or viton. /Configure/Some materials that are chemical-resistant to this product are listed below. If you want more options, follow the instructions for Category C on an EPA chemical-resistance selection chart. Applicators and other handlers must wear: Longsleeved shirt and long pantsChemical-resistant gloves such as barrier laminate, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, polyvinyl chloride or.vitonSocks and shoes. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for yvashables, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE items separately from other laundry. /Configure/
Other Standards Regulations and Guidelines
DOE Protective Action Criteria (PAC): Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits (TEELs) for Benzyladenine: TEEL-0: 5 mg/cu mPAC-1: 15 mg/cu mPAC-2: 100 mg/cu mPAC-3: 500 mg/cu m (TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effectsPAC-1: The maximum concentration in air below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odorPAC-2: The maximum concentration in air below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair their abilities to take protective actionPAC-3: The maximum concentration in air below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects).
Ökotoxizitätswerte
LC50 Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite, age 10 days) diet >5620 ppm for 8 daysLD50 Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite, age 32 wk) oral 1599 mg/kg (95% confidence interval: 1139-3264 mg/kg)LD50 Apis mellifera (Honey bee, worker) topical >25 ug/bee for 96 hrEC50Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea, age 48 hr)Conditions: freshwater, staticConcentration: 20500 ug/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 15800-26400 ug/L)Effect: intoxication, immobilization /99% purity/Species: Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout)Concentration: 21400 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 19200-23800 ug/L) /formulated product/
Umweltverhalten
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.57(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that benzyladenine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of benzyladenine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.84X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 1.79X10-11 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 60 mg/L(4). Benzyladenine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Sixteen days after application to soil at 22 °C, benzyladenine had degraded to 5.3% (sandy loam) and 7.85% (clay loam soil) of the applied dose(4). Other studies have indicated half-lives of 7 to 9 weeks(4).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.57(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that benzyladenine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.84X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 1.79X10-11 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 60 mg/L(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3.2(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation may be an important fate process based on soil studies(4).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), benzyladenine, which has a vapor pressure of 1.79X10-11 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase benzyladenine may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Benzyladenine does contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).
Ökotoxizitätsauszüge
/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ A study entitled "An Acute Oral Toxicity Study with the Northern Bobwhite" shows that the acute oral LD50 value for northern bobwhite quail exposed to N6-benzyladenine as a single oral dose was 1599 mg/kg. This value is considered practically nontoxic. A study entitled "N6-Benzyladenine: A Dietary LC50 Study with the Northern Bobwhite" indicated that N6-benzyladenine did not cause mortality or acute toxicity/pathogenicity. The LC50 value was greater than 5620 ppm (the highest dosage tested) and was classified as practically nontoxic to birds. The mammalian toxicity data indicated that there is no significant toxicity or pathogenicity to rodents from acute oral testing at the maximum hazard dose./AQUATIC SPECIES/ In a study entitled "Four-Day Static Acute Toxicity Studies with N6-Benzyladenine in Rainbow Trout" it was found that N6-benzyladenine was slightly toxic to rainbow trout (96 hr LC50=21.4 ppm). /The EPA found the study/ to be supplemental and does not fulfill the guideline requirement for a fish acute toxicty study. However, the deficiencies were minor and the results may be used to assess the risk to freshwater fish for a plant growth regulator with limited registered terrestrial uses. In another study entitled "6-Benzyladenine Code 16262: A 48 hr Static Daily Renewal Acute Toxicity Test with Cladoceran (Daphnia magna)" it was found that N6-benzyladenine was slightly toxic to freshwater invertebrates (EC50=20.5 mg/L). ... Ecological effects data suggest that N6-benzyladenine is ... slightly toxic to fish and freshwater invertebrates... No risk to endangered species is expected from the use of this product.
Soil Adsorption/Mobility
The Koc of benzyladenine is estimated as 170(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.57(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that benzyladenine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.
Artificial Pollution Sources
Benzyladenine's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streamsits use as a plant growth regulator(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).
Environmental Bioconcentration
An estimated BCF of 3.2 was calculated for benzyladenine(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.57(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
Volatilization from Water/Soil
The Henry's Law constant for benzyladenine is estimated as 8.84X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 1.79X10-11 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 60 mg/L(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that benzyladenine is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Benzyladenine's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). Benzyladenine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Benzyladenine suspended in 0.5% Methocel was tested in an acute oral toxicity study at doses of 0.94 to 3.0 g/kg in rats. ... Signs of toxicity included decreased activity, ataxia, dyspnea and tremors. In an acute dermal toxicity test, 2/20 males and 2/20 female rabbits died after a single dermal dose of 5 g/kg of N-6 benzyladenine, which produced symptoms of ataxia, decreased activity , tremors, paresis and dyspnea./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ 6-Benzyl adenine (99.0% pure) was administered as a dust by whole body inhalation at analytical concentrations of 1.2, 4.7, 6.2 , 4.6 or 7.4 mg/L for a single 4 hour exposure to 5 Sprague-Dawley CD rats/sex/group. Data from the 4.7 and 7.4 mg/L were excluded due to the high variability /concentrations measured/ in samples. Animals were observed for 14 days. Labored breathing was the most notable sign for all groups except for group V (1.2 mg/L). The mass median aerodynamic diameter ranged from 2.6 to 6.2 micrometers and the geometric standard deviation ranged from 2.0 to 5.7 micrometers. At least 68% of particles were 10 micrometers or less.[California Environmental Protection Agency/Department of Pesticide RegulationSUMMARY OF TOXICOLOGY DATA CYTOKININ and 6-Benzyladenine/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A dose of 0.5 g of 6-benzyladenine (99.0% pure), slightly moistened with 0.5 mL water, was applied once to the clipped skin for 4 hours to 3 New Zealand White rabbits/sex. The site was covered. Skin was examined and scored for irritation at 30 to 60 minutes, 24, 48 and 72 hours and days 4, 5 and 6. Very slight to well defined erythema was present in all 6 rabbits at 30 to 60 minutes and in 3 rabbits at 24 hours. Very slight erythema was seen in 3 rabbits at 48 and 72 hours and persisted in 2 rabbits through day 5. All were clear after day 5. No edema was reported. The test article was considered a mild to slight irritant over 72 hours with a primary irritation index of 0.7.[California Environmental Protection Agency/Department of Pesticide Regulation/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ 6-Benzyladenine, at a concentration of 25% (w/v in acetone), was applied dermally (6 hrs) to 10 guinea pigs/sex (induction 3x + challenge 1x) and 5 Guinea pigs/sex (naive control [1x challenge]). No evidence of sensitization. No significant effect on body weight.[California Environmental Protection Agency/Department of Pesticide RegulationFor more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BENZYLADENINE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Environmental Abiotic Degradation
The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of benzyladenine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.14X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.8 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Benzyladenine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Benzyladenine does contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).
Probable Routes of Human Exposure
Occupational exposure to benzyladenine may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where benzyladenine is produced or used. (SRC)
Environmental Fate/Exposure Summary
Benzyladenine's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streamsits use as a plant growth regulator will result in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.79X10-11 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates benzyladenine will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase benzyladenine will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. Benzyladenine does contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, benzyladenine is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 170. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.84X10-14 atm-cu m/mole. Benzyladenine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Sixteen days after application to soil at 22 °C, benzyladenine had degraded to 5.3% (sandy loam) and 7.85% (clay loam soil) of the applied dose. Other studies have indicated half-lives of 7 to 9 weeks. If released into water, benzyladenine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to benzyladenine may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where benzyladenine is produced or used. (SRC)
Antidote and Emergency Treatment
/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B//SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B//SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/
