| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH301 (82.5%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P301+P316, P301+P317, P321, P330, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 183 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H301 (46.3%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral] |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | Lidocaine hydrochloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
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| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-, monohydrochloride: Environment tier I assessment |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 3 (46.3%)Acute Tox. 3 (82.5%) |
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| Treatment | The first step in the management of systemic toxic reactions consists of immediate attention to the establishment and maintenance of a patent airway and assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen and a delivery system capable of permitting immediate positive airway pressure by mask. If convulsions occur, the objective of the treatment is to maintain ventilation and oxygenation and support the circulation. Oxygen must be given and ventilation assisted if necessary (mask and bag or tracheal intubation). Should convulsions not stop spontaneously after 15-20 seconds, an anticonvulsant should be given i.v. to facilitate adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Thiopental sodium 1-3 mg/kg i.v. is the first choice. Alternatively diazepam 0.1 mg/kg bw i.v. may be used, although its action will be slow. Prolonged convulsions may jeopardise the patient's ventilation and oxygenation. If so, injection of a muscle relaxant (e.g. succinylcholine 1 mg/kg bw) will facilitate ventilation, and oxygenation can be controlled. Early endotracheal intubation must be considered in such situations. If cardiovascular depression is evident (hypotension, bradycardia), ephedrine 5-10 mg i.v. should be given and may be repeated, if necessary, after 2-3 minutes. Should circulatory arrest occur, immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be instituted. Continual oxygenation and ventilation and circulatory support as well as treatment of acidosis are of vital importance. (L1712) |
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| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Systemic exposure to excessive quantities of lidocaine mainly result in central nervous system (CNS) and cardiovascular effects. CNS effects may include CNS excitation(nervousness, tingling around the mouth) followed by depression. [Wikipedia] |
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| Expositionspfade | Intravenous, Topical, Oral, Buccal, Dental, Intramuscular, or Urethral injection , Infiltration.
Information derived from diverse formulations, concentrations and usages reveals that lidocaine is completely absorbed following parenteral administration, its rate of absorption depending, for example, upon various factors such as the site of administration and the presence or absence of a vasoconstrictor agent. |
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| Toxizitätsübersicht | Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses thereby effecting local anesthetic action. Lidocaine alters signal conduction in neurons by blocking the fast voltage gated sodium (Na+) channels in the neuronal cell membrane that are responsible for signal propagation. With sufficient blockage the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron will not depolarize and will thus fail to transmit an action potential. This creates the anaesthetic effect by not merely preventing pain signals from propagating to the brain but by aborting their birth in the first place. |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Symptoms of overdose include convulsions, hypoxia, acidosis, bradycardia, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. |
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| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
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| Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation | ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation |
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| Toxicity Data | LD50: 459 (346-773) mg/kg (oral, non-fasted female rats)
LD50: 214 (159-324) mg/kg (oral, fasted female rats) |
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