| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.2% (1 of 556) of reports.H224 (99.6%): Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids] |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Ethene, 1,1-dichloro-Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityCardiovascular ToxicityHepatotoxicity and Digestive System ToxicityNephrotoxicity and Other Toxicity to the Urinary SystemNeurotoxicityEthene, 1,1-dichloro- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Ethene, 1,1-dichloro- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 31-03-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15622Restricted substance: 1,1-Dichloroethene1,1-Dichloroethene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
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| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Ethene, 1,1-dichloro-: Environment tier I assessment |
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| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Flammable Liquid |
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| Brandgefahren | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic hydrogen chloride and phosgene are generated in fires.· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.Extremely flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive. |
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| Brandpotenzial | A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.Flammable liquid. |
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| Gesundheitsgefahren | Vapor can cause dizziness and drunkennesshigh levels cause anesthesia. Liquid irritates eyes and skin. (USCG, 1999)· May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. |
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| Gefahrenübersicht | 1, 1-Dichloroethene is an industrial chemical that is not found naturally in the environment. It is a colorless liquid with a mild, sweet smell. It is also called vinylidene chloride. 1, 1-Dichloroethene is used to make certain plastics, such as flexible films like food wrap, and in packaging materials. It is also used to make flame retardant coatings for fiber and carpet backings, and in piping, coating for steel pipes, and in adhesive applications.Vinylidene chloride is used as an intermediate in chemical synthesis and to produce polyvinylidene chloride copolymers. The primary acute (short-term) effects in humans from vinylidene chloride exposure are on the central nervous system (CNS), including CNS depression and symptoms of inebriation, convulsions, spasms, and unconsciousness at high concentrations. Low-level, chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure of vinylidene chloride in humans may effect the liver. Animal studies indicate that chronic exposure to vinylidene chloride can affect the liver, kidneys, CNS and lungs. Human data are considered inadequate in providing evidence of cancer from exposure to vinylidene chloride. The most recent cancer classification for vinylidene chloride can be found on IRIS.Liquid causes first degree burns on short exposure. [CHRIS] Similar to carbon tetrachloride, it is toxic to the liver and kidneys in animals exposed to high concentrations. [ACGIH] Possible frostbite from contact with liquid[NIOSH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritantInhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression[ICSC] Vinylidene chloride, stabilized (UN1303) has warning of explosive polymerization[ERG 2016] |
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| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 1303 130P1303 130P(inhibited) |
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| FDA-Anforderungen | Vinylidene chloride is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. |
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| Reaktive Gruppe | Halogenated Organic Compounds |
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| EG-Einstufung | Symbol: F+, XnR: 12-20-40S: (2)-7-16-29-36/37-46Note: D |
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| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 3UN Pack Group: I |
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| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)polymerization hazard]:Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
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| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention . |
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| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
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| Erste Hilfe | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.General First Aid:(General first aid procedures) |
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| Sichere Lagerung | Store only if stabilized. Fireproof. Keep in the dark. Cool. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. |
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| Firefighting Hazards | Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to source of ignition and flash back. ... Closed containers may rupture violently when heated. |
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| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).2.0 [ppm] |
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| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.Use water spray to cool unopened containers.To fight fire, use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for 1,1-Dichloroethylene (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Lagerbedingungen | Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Recommended storage temperature 2 - 8 °C. Air and moisture sensitive. Light sensitive. Store under inert gas. Over time, pressure may increase causing containers to burst.Vinylidene chloride must be stored in tanks that have nickel, baked phenolic, or glass linings.Store in a flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet away from ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials. May form peroxides in storage. High concentrations cause a deficiency of oxygen with the risk of unconsciousness or death. Check that oxygen content is at least 19% before entering storage or spill area. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045. ... Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Before entering confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration is not present. Vinylidene chloride must be stored to avoid contact with oxidizers, such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates, and strong acids, such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric, since violent reactions occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat. Protect storage containers from physical damage. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where vinylidene chloride is handled, used, stored. Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more of vinylidene chloride should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of vinylidene chloride. Wherever vinylidene chloride is used, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings. Procedures for handling, use, and storage of cylinders should be in compliance with OSHA 1910.101 and 1910.169, as with the recommendations of the Compressed Gas Association.Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Do not store in aluminum. Separate from air, light, heat, strong oxidizing materials. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquids storage warehouse, room, or cabinet. |
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| Reinigungsverfahren | ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. /Vinylidene chloride, stabilized/Environmental considerations - water spill: Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidfy encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Vinylidene chloride, stabilized/Environmental considerations - air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors. /Vinylidene chloride, stabilized/For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for 1,1-Dichloroethylene (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)polymerization hazard]: |
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| Entsorgungsverfahren | Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U078, D029 must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this materialContaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. ... Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced.For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 1,1-Dichloroethylene (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Toxikologische Informationen | CDC-ATSDR Toxicological Profile |
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| Körperbelastung | 1,1-Dichloroethylene was detected in 3% of 347 overnight personal air samples, and in 6% of 340 daytime personal air samples from residents living in Bayonne and Elizabeth, NJ(1). 1,1-Dichloroethylene was detected in 12% of 317 breath samples from residents of Elizabeth and Bayonne, NJ at quantifiable levels of 0.2-2 ug/cu m(2). 1,1-Dichloroethylene was detected, not quantified, in blood samples from New York City firefighters who had responded to the World Trade Center fire and collapse(3). |
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| Treatment | Treatment of 1,1-dichloroethene poisoning is mainly symptomatic. It may include respiratory assistance, gastric lavage, and/or the oral administration of activated charcoal. (L187) |
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| Cancer Sites | [in animals: liver & kidney tumors] |
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| Wechselwirkungen | Effects of pretreatment with metabolic inducers and inhibitors on covalent binding and cellular reactivity in lung and liver of CD-1 mice following intraperitoneal injection of 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE) were investigated. Pretreatment with 3-methylcholanthrene produced marked proliferation of membranes of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in Clara cells, while similar pulmonary cellular reactivity was not evoked by administration of phenobarbital. Administration of SKF-525A in conjunction with 1,1-DCE resulted in loss of apical bulges characteristic of Clara cells and, concomitantly, a reduction in smooth endoplasmic reticulum. ... No potentiation in hepatocellular necrosis by pretreatment with phenobarbital was noted. Pretreatment with 3-methylcholanthrene provided a small degree of protection from pulmonary and hepatic injury. Pretreatment with SKF-525A indicates that alkylation reactions in the lung appear to be directed to macromolecules which are not critical to the integrity of Clara cells, or occurred at noncritical sites, while those in the liver may not follow similar patterns of reactivities. Prior treatment of piperonyl-butoxide exacerbated injury in both lung and liver, but elicited no alterations in concentrations of covalently bound 1,1-DCE. These results suggest the lack of an association between pneumotoxicity and metabolism through a P448 dependent pathway.To determine if L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate protects rats from the hepatoxicity of 1,1-dichloroethylene, fasted male Sprague-Dawley-rats were treated with 10 mm/kg of L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate sc, or an equivalent amount of saline, 1 hour prior to the peritoneal administration of 50 mg/kg 1,1-dichloroethylene. Serum alanine-aminotransferase was used to monitor onset, peak, and extent of liver damage. L-2-oxothiazolidine-4- carboxylate pretreated rats showed consistently lower serum alanine- aminotransferase activities 2 to 24 hr after 1,1-dichloroethylene. Alanine-aminotransferase activities in L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate pretreated rats exceeded control levels at about 4 hr after 1,1-dichloroethylene treatment compared to only 2 hr in the saline pretreated group. Peak alanine-aminotransferase values were approximately ten fold lower in the L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate treated animals indicating a protective effect of L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate on 1,1-dichloroethylene hepatotoxicity. This protection was associated with about 50% less total, acid soluble and acid precipitable 1,1-dichloroethylene in serum, 30% less in urine and at 24 hr 30 to 68% less covalently bound in the liver, kidney and lung. Peak liver injury correlated well with the amount of 1,1-dichloroethylene in serum at early times and with the amount covalently bound to liver at 24 hr. There was only a poor correlation with 1,1-dichloroethylene in the urine. Fasted rats demonstrated a persistent loss of hepatic cytochrome p450 at 3 and 6 hr whereas their hepatic and renal reduced glutathione contents were transiently diminished at 3 hr. The L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate induced loss of hepatic cytochrome p450 which converted 1,1-dichloroethylene to reactive intermediates, contributed to the apparent decrease in toxin metabolism and therefore to the L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate protection against 1,1-dichloroethylene induced liver injury.Pretreatment of rodents with diethyldithiocarbamate, carbon disulfide, ... thiram or disulfiram resulted in different degrees of protection against the acute toxicity of vinylidene chloride.The inhibitor of mixed-function oxidase, SKF-525A, had no effect on mortality in immature rats (80-100 g), but markedly exacerbated 1,1-dichloroethylene toxicity in rats weighing 260-270 g. Pretreatment with 3-aminotriazole or carbon tetrachloride protected fasted, male rats of all sizes tested from lethal effects of doses of 1,1-dichloroethylene below 700 mg/kg.For more Interactions (Complete) data for 1,1-Dichloroethylene (23 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Zielorgane | Hepatic (Liver), Neurological (Nervous System), Renal (Urinary System or Kidneys), Respiratory (From the Nose to the Lungs)Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys |
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| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | 1,1-Dichloroethene mainly affects the central nervous system. It may lead to sedation, inebriation, convulsions, spasms, and unconsciousness. 1,1-Dichloroethene may also damage the livers, kidneys, and lungs. (L185, L186) |
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| Ökotoxizitätswerte | LC50Species: Eisenia fetida (Earthworm) topical (artificial soil) >1000 mg/kg for 28 daysSpecies: Mysidopsis bahia (Mysid shrimp)Conditions: static bioassay using seawaterConcentration: >798 mg/L for 24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr224 mg/L for 96 hrSpecies: Menidia beryllina (Inland silverside)Conditions: static bioassay in synthetic seawater, 23 °C, mild aerationConcentration: 250 ppm for 96 hrEC50Species: Selenastrum capricornutum (Green alga)Concentration: >798,000 ug/L for 96 hrEffect: inhibition of chlorophyll synthesiscell count /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 1,1-Dichloroethylene (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 64-65(2-3), indicate that 1,1-dichloroethylene is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,1-dichloroethylene from moist soil surfaces is expected(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 0.0261 atm-cu m/mole(4). 1,1-Dichloroethylene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 600 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). 1,1-Dichloroethylene had a biodegradation rate of 0.050 ug/g soil/hr in soil from Skellingsted landfill in Holback, Denmark, incubated with methane(6). Under simulated landfill anaerobic conditions, 1,1-dichloroethylene degraded in 1-3 weeks(7).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 64-65(2-3), indicate that 1,1-dichloroethylene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 0.0261 atm-cu m/mole(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(SRC). A hydrolysis half-life of 6-9 months has been observed for 1,1-dichloroethylene at pH 4.5 to 8.5(6). According to a classification scheme(7), BCFs of <13 measured in carp(8), suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. In anaerobic microcosms designed to simulate a groundwater environment, 50% of the 1,1-dichloroethylene disappeared in 5-6 months(9). However, 1,1-dichloroethylene had a biodegradation half-life of 1.25 years in ground water from a former manufacturing facility in New Jersey(10).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,1-dichloroethylene, which has a vapor pressure of 600 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,1-dichloroethylene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl and nitrate radicals, and ozone(SRC)the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 1.5 days, 27 days and 7.9 years(SRC), calculated from respective rate constants of 1.09X10-11(3), 1.23X10-15(4) and 3.98X10-21(5) cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C. Under photochemical smog situations with nitrogen dioxide present, 1,1-dichloroethylene decomposes rapidly (half-life <2 hr)(6). |
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| Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte | Although no monitoring data could be found, 1,1-dichloroethylene is a known contaminant in plastic wrap made from this monomerthe maximum amount possible that could be adsorbed by food from such food wraps has been estimated to be less than or equal to the detection limit (<10 ppb)(1). |
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| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome |
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| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contactOral (L16)inhalation (L16)dermal (L16) |
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| RCRA-Anforderungen | U078As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 1,1-dichloroethylene, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).D029A solid waste containing 1,1-dichloroethylene may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. |
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| TSCA-Anforderungen | Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329. Effective date 8/4/95Reporting date: 10/3/95.Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Vinylidine chloride is included on this list. Effective date 8/4/95Sunset date: 6/30/98. |
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| Luftstandards | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. 1,1-Dichloroethylene is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. 1,1-Dichloroethylene is included on this list. |
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| CERCLA-Meldepflichtmengen | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). |
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| Clean Water Act Anforderungen | Vinylidene chloride is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. |
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| State Drinking Water Standards | (CA) CALIFORNIA 6 ug/L(NJ) NEW JERSEY 2 ug/L |
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| DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI) | Vinylidene chloride110000Flammable chemical that can be released at a facility. |
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| Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | (AZ) ARIZONA 7 ug/L(ME) MAINE 0.6 ug/L(MN) MINNESOTA 200 ug/L |
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| Federal Drinking Water Standards | Maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for organic contaminants apply to community and non-transient, non-community water systems: 1,1-Dichloroethylene, MCL 0.007 mg/L.EPA 7 ug/L |
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| Bundesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | EPA 7 ug/L |
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| Alarmwort | Achtung |
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| Gefahrenhinweise | Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code H224 |
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