2-Cyanopropan-2-ol
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile · Acetone Cyanohydrine · 2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPIONITRILE · 2-Cyano-2-propanol · usafrh-8 · USAF rh-8 · Acetoncianidrina · Acetoncyanhydrin
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 75-86-5 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C4H7NO |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 85,1 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 85,05276385 g/mol |
| SMILES | CC(C)(O)C#N |
| InChIKey | MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 6406 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1231861 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:15348 |
| EC No. | 200-909-4 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7025427 |
| Lokaler Name | 2-Cyanopropan-2-ol |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | -0,1 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 44 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 1 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 2 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 6 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 87 |
| Schmelzpunkt | -19 °C (lit.) |
| Siedepunkt | 82 °C/23 mmHg (lit.) |
| Dichte | 0.932 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Dampfdruck | 0.3 psi ( 20 °C) |
| Brechungsindex | n20/D 1.399(lit.) |
| Flammpunkt | 147 °F |
| Lagerbedingungen | Refrigerator |
| Löslichkeit | very soluble in water, alcohol, and etherslightly soluble in petroleum ethermiscible |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | 11.45±0.29(Predicted) |
| Aggregatzustand | Liquid |
| Farbe | Clear colorless to yellow |
| Explosionsgrenze | 11% |
| Merck | 13,68 |
| Henry-Konstante | 8.0×101 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015) |
| InChI | 1S/C4H7NO/c1-4(2,6)3-5/h6H,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CC(C)(O)C#N |
| CAS Datenbank | 75-86-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Propanenitrile, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-(75-86-5) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Acetone cyanohydrin (75-86-5) |
| ECETOC JACC REPORT | Acetone cyanohydrin (75-86-5) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| Arbeitsplatzgrenzwert (OEL) | Ceiling: 1 ppm (4 mg/m3) [15-minute] |
|---|---|
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 1541 |
| Zollcode | 29269095 |
| RTECS-Nr. | OD9275000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 26/27/28-50-50/53 |
| Toxizität | LD50 orally in rats: 0.17 g/kg (Smyth) |
| Gefahrensymbole | T+,N |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 27-45-60-61-7/9 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 6.1Acute Tox. 1 DermalAcute Tox. 2 InhalationAcute Tox. 2 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1 |
| Verpackungsgruppe | I |
| Lagerklasse | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2very toxic hazardous materials |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 75-86-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
Acetone cyanohydrin is an organic compound used in the production of methyl methacrylate, the monomer of the transparent plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also known as acrylic. Acetone cyanohydrin is a flammable colourless liquid with a faint odour of bitter almond. It is incompatible with sulphuric acid. Acetone cyanohydrin readily undergoes decomposition by water to form hydrogen cyanide and acetone. Cassava tubers contain linamarin, a glucoside of acetohydrin, and the enzyme linamarinase for hydrolysing the glucoside. Crushing the tubers releases these compounds and produces acetone cyanohydrin, which is potentially lethally toxic. Acetone cyanohydrin is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to- Know Act. The principal hazards of acetone cyanohydrin arise from its ready decomposition on contact with water, which releases highly toxic hydrogen cyanide.
Verwenden
Acetone cyanohydrin is used to make methyl methacrylate; in the production of pharmaceuticals, foaming agents, and insecticides; and to produce polymerization initiators.