| GHS-Einstufung | WarningH280 (100%): Contains gas under pressuremay explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]P410+P403, and P502 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 120 reports by companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.DangerH335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposureRespiratory tract irritation] |
|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-Chemical: Ethane, dichlorotetrafluoro-Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro- (Refrigerant gas R114): Non hazardousThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
|---|
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Non-Flammable Gas |
|---|
| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:· Some may burn but none ignite readily.Not combustible. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
|---|
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Prolonged exposure can cause narcotic effect or rapid suffocation. (USCG, 1999)· Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning, especially when in closed or confined areas. |
|---|
| Gefahrenübersicht | See CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS. Possible frostbite from contact with liquid[NIOSH] Potential acute effects are CNS depression, cardiac arrhythmias, and effects on the liver. [HSDB] |
|---|
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 1958 126 |
|---|
| FDA-Anforderungen | The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), after consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is amending FDA's regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in selfpressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). The Clean Air Act requires FDA, in consultation with the EPA, to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. FDA has concluded that there are no substantial technical barriers to formulating flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil as products that do not release ODSs, and therefore they will no longer be essential uses of ODSs as of the effective dates of this rule. MDIs for these active moieties containing an ODS may not be marketed after the relevant effective date. DATES: Removal of Part 2.125(e)(2)(iii) and 2.125(e)(4)(vii) is effective June 14, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(v) and 2.125(e)(4)(iv) is effective December 31, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(iii) is effective June 30, 2011. Removal of 2.125(e)(2)(iv) and Part 2.125(e)(4)(viii) is effective December 31, 2013. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/Use of ozone-depleting substances in foods, drugs, devices, or cosmetics. (a) As used in this section, ozone-depleting substance (ODS) means any class I substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix A to subpart A, or class II substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix B to subpart A. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, any food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is not an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act. (c) A food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act if paragraph (e) of this section specifies the use of that product as essential. For drugs, including biologics and animal drugs, and for devices, an investigational application or an approved marketing application must be in effect, as applicable. ... (e) The use of ODSs in the following products is essential: ... (2) Metered-dose short-acting adrenergic bronchodilator human drugs for oral inhalation. Oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers containing the following active moieties: ... (iv) Pirbuterol. ... (4) Other essential uses. (iii) Anesthetic drugs for topical use on accessible mucous membranes of humans where a cannula is used for application. ... (vi) Metered-dose atropine sulfate aerosol human drugs administered by oral inhalation. ... (viii) Metered-dose ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate, in combination, administered by oral inhalation for human use. (ix) Sterile aerosol talc administered intrapleurally by thoracoscopy for human use. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/ |
|---|
| Reaktive Gruppe | Fluorinated Organic Compounds |
|---|
| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 2.2 |
|---|
| Special Reports | Zakhari S, Aviado DMCardiovascular Toxicology of Aerosol Propellants, Refrigerants and Related SolventsTarget Organ Toxicology Series: Cardiovascular Toxicology, XII+ 388 pagesRaven Press: New York, NY 281-326 (1982). Review of the toxicology of aerosol propellants, refrigerants and related solvents on the cardiovascular system of humans.Crooke STSolvent inhalationTex Med 68 (7): 67-9 (1972). A short review of the literature concerning solvent inhalation is presented. Methods of administration, pharmacology and toxicology of abused solvents are discussed as are the characteristics of solvent inhalers and addictive potential.Production and Consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances under the Montreal Protocol 1986 - 2004[UNEPOzone Secretariat UNEP November 2005, Available from, as of march 11, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/Publications/Production_and_consumption2005.pdf]The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer[UNEPOzone Secretariat United Nations Environment Programme, The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, Available from, as of March 11, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/pdfs/Montreal-Protocol2000.pdf]For more Special Reports (Complete) data for 1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
|---|
| OSHA Standards | Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 1000 ppm (7000 mg/cu m). |
|---|
| Reactivity Profile | 1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE is chemically inert in many situations, but can react violently with strong reducing agents such as the very active metals and the active metals. Can react with strong oxidizing agents or weaker oxidizing agents under extremes of temperature. The reaction of aluminum with various halogenated hydrocarbons produces a self-sustaining reaction with sufficient heat to melt aluminum pieces, examples of other halogenated hydrocarbons are fluorotrichloromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane. The vigor of the reaction appears to be dependent on the combined degree of fluorination and the vapor pressure [Chem. Eng. News 39(27):44(1961)]. |
|---|
| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position. |
|---|
| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention. |
|---|
| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· Do not touch or walk through spilled material. |
|---|
| Erste Hilfe | INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.General First Aid:(General first aid procedures) |
|---|
| Sichere Lagerung | Fireproof if in building. Cool. |
|---|
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).1000.0 [ppm] |
|---|
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | Firefighters should wear self-contained, NIOSH-approved breathing apparatus for protection against suffocation and possible toxic decomposition products. Proper eye and skin protection should be provided. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position./During firefighting wear/ self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame - consider evacuation of one-half (1/2) mile radius.If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty). Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Do not use water on material itself. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. |
|---|
| Lagerbedingungen | Store in a cool, well-ventilated area of low fire risk and out of direct sunlight. Protect cylinder and its fittings from physical damage. Storage in subsurface locations should be avoided. Close valve tightly after use and when empty.Fireproof if in building. Cool.Store in cool place free from material of an inflammable nature, in suitable metal containers. |
|---|
| Reinigungsverfahren | If ... spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken: 1. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 2. If the gas is leaking, stop the flow. 3. If the liquid is spilled or leaked, allow to vaporize.Ventilation. Never direct water jet on liquid. Do not let this chemical enter the environment. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. |
|---|
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: |
|---|
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.Because of recent discovery of potential ozone decomposition in the stratosphere by fluorotrichloromethane, this material should be released to the environment only as a last resort. Waste material should be /recovered and/ returned to the vendor, or to licensed waste disposal company.SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal. |
|---|
| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Ventilation. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. |
|---|
| Wechselwirkungen | Cardiac sensitization potential of CFC-114 is considered moderate. /Investigators/ found evidence of serious arrythmia in 1 of 12 dogs exposed at an atmosphere of 25,000 ppm CFC-114 plus intravenous epinephrine.Whether inhalation of a freon gas mixture, the propellant of the commercial metered dose aerosols, consisting of freons 11, 12 and 114, reduces the bronchodilating effects of inhaled salbutamol or ipratropium bromide or causes cardiac arrhythmias in control, asthmatic and bronchitic patients was studied. FEV1 (1 sec forced expiratory volume) and flows measured at different lung volumes on the maximal effort expiratory flow volume curve were measured for 6 hr. Inhalation of freon caused no significant overall reduction in the salbutamol and ipratropium bromide response in any group. Arrhythmias only occurred among the asthmatic and bronchitic patients, and were most frequent after salbutamol. Ventricular extrasystoles occurred in 3 cases, all after salbutamol and in 2 of these in combination with freon inhalation. In 1 patient there was also hypoxia and hypercapnia. The combined effects of hypoxia, hypercapnia, catecholamines and freon on the heart are a more likely cause of arrhythmia than the effect of freon alone.Many unsubstituted and halogenated hydrocarbons were capable of sensitizing the mammalian heart to iv injected epinephrine, resulting in serious and sometimes fatal cardiac arrhythmias. This experiment was performed to determine if cardiac sensitization could occur in animals in the absence of an exogenous source of epinephrine as this phenomenon was alleged to cause sudden deaths in humans in the absence of exogenous epinephrine. Beagle dogs were trained to run on a treadmill to increase their circulating level of epinephrine. While being exercised, they were exposed to fluorocarbon 11, fluorocarbon 12 or fluorocarbon 114, which were tested previously and found to be capable of sensitizing the dog's heart to iv injected epinephrine. While fluorocarbon 12 and fluorocarbon 114 produced cardiac sensitization, a higher concentration was needed to produce this effect than with the iv administration of epinephrine. Cardiac sensitization was not produced by fluorocarbon 11 at the levels tested. None of the animals died.Most nonanesthetics (inhaled compounds that neither cause anesthesia when given alone nor decrease the partial pressure of a known inhaled anesthetic required to produce anesthesia) and transitional compounds (inhaled compounds that are less potent than would be predicted by the Meyer-Overton hypothesis) cause convulsions. A possible exception is the perfluoroalkane series of nonanesthetics. The present study tested whether perfluoroalkanes do provide an exception. Further, we tested whether the convulsant effects of nonanesthetic and transitional compounds were additive. The nonanesthetic perfluoropropane caused convulsions at 7.5 +/- 0.7 atm (mean +/- SD). Convulsions also were produced by perfluorocyclobutane (0.976 +/- 0.002 atm), 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane (0.358 +/- 0.011 atm), 2,3-dichlorooctafluorobutane (0.085 +/- 0.007 atm), 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (0.055 +/- 0.007 atm), and flurothyl (0.00156 +/- 0.00039 atm). Of these, 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane is a transitional compound, the remainder being nonanesthetics. The combination of flurothyl plus 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane gave evidence of antagonism (a 17% +/- 21% deviation from additivityP < 0.05), whereas the combination of 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane plus 2,3-dichlorooctafluorobutane gave evidence of synergy (a -13% +/- 8% deviation from additivityP < 0.05). The combinations of perfluoropropane plus perfluorocyclobutane (-4% +/- 15%), and perfluoropropane plus 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (-1% +/- 26%) did not produce results that deviated significantly from additivity. We conclude that pairs of these compounds either produce convulsions in an additive manner, a finding consistent with (but not proving) a common mode of actionor deviate modestly from additivity, a finding suggesting that at least a portion of the mechanistic basis for convulsions might differ, particularly for flurothyl plus other nonanesthetics, or for the combination of non-anesthetics and transitional compounds.The effect of a mixture of Freon 12 and Freon 114 in a 40 to 60 ratio on arterial pressure and cardiac rhythm in cats was studied. Eighteen tests were performed on ten cats anesthetized with urethane. A tracheotomy was performed and 3 g of the freon mixture was sprayed for 20 sec into the opening. During the test, heart rate, breathing, and arterial pressure were monitored. The amount of freon consumed was measured by weighing the aerosol container before and after use. Within 13 sec, arterial pressure began to drop. By the end of the test, the pressure had decreased from 110 to 50 or 25 mL. Within 3 min of the end of the test, arterial pressure had returned to initial value. The sinus rhythm of the heart decreased an average of 10 strokes/min. One cat suffered an atrioventricular blockade with a subsequent fibrillation of the ventricles. Changes in frequency and depth of breathing were insignificant except for one case of brief apnea. These compounds may be cardiotoxic, and further studies are needed to determine optimum, harmless dose. |
|---|
| Zielorgane | respiratory system, cardiovascular system |
|---|
| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 280(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 2.82(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.25 atm-cu m/mole(4). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2014 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and other chlorofluorocarbons have been shown to biodegrade under anaerobic conditions, but not aerobic conditions(6).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 280(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 2.82(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.25 atm-cu m/mole(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.8 hours and 5.2 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), measured BCF values ranging from 15 to 32(7) suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to moderate(SRC). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and other chlorofluorocarbons have been shown to biodegrade under anaerobic conditions, but not aerobic conditions(8).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 2014 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is extremely stable in the troposphere. This compound does not react with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals, ozone molecules or nitrate radicals(3). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). This compound will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(3). The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to range from 126 to 310 years(5). |
|---|
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome |
|---|
| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid) |
|---|
| Average Daily Intake | AIR: (assume 10.5 - 32 parts per trillion(1,2)) 1.5 - 4.5 ug/day(SRC). |
|---|
| Ökotoxizitätsauszüge | /FIELD STUDIES/ Experimental evidence suggests that increased UV-B irradiation at the earth's surface, resulting from ozone depletion /caused by the atmospheric chlorofluorocarbons/, would have deleterious effects on both terrestrial and aquatic biota. Despite uncertainties resulting from the complexities of field experiments, the data currently available suggest that crop yields and forest productivity are vulnerable to increased levels of solar UV-B radiation. Existing data also suggest that increased UV-B radiation will motify the distribution and abundance of plants, and change ecosystem structure. /UV-B Radiation/ |
|---|
| Signs and Symptoms | Suffocation.ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.See Skin.irritation respiratory systemasphyxiacardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrestliquid: frostbite |
|---|
| Effluent Concentrations | The annual global emission of 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane was estimated to range from 13.5-17.7 kilotons during the years 1980-1989(1). |
|---|
| ICSC Environmental Data | Avoid release to the environment because of its impact on the ozone layer. |
|---|
| Medical Surveillance | Initial Medical Screening: Employees should be screened for history of certain medical conditions which might place the employee at increased risk from Refrigerant 114 exposure. /These are/ chronic respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Periodic Medical Examination: Any employee developing /these/ conditions should be referred for further medical examination. |
|---|
| Soil Adsorption/Mobility | The Koc of 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is estimated as 280(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.82(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. |
|---|
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
|---|
