Hexabrombenzol

HBB-S · AFR 1001 · NSC 113975 · Plasafety HBB · Hexabrombenzol · HexabroMobenze · PERBROMOBENZENE · Hexabromobenaene

Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten

CAS No.	87-82-1
Summenformel	C6Br6
Durchschnittliche Molmasse	551,5 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse	545,5100226 g/mol
SMILES	Brc1c(Br)c(Br)c(Br)c(Br)c1Br
InChIKey	CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID	6905
ChEMBL	CHEMBL375600
EC No.	201-773-9
DTXSID	DTXSID1024128
Lokaler Name	Hexabrombenzol

Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften

XLogP	6,1
Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)	0
H-Brücken-Donoren	0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren	0
Frei drehbare Bindungen	0
Schwere Atome	12
Formalladung	0
Komplexität	104
Stoffklassen	Other Classes -> Halogenated Monoaromatics
SpringerMaterials Properties	13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
Pestizide	Pesticide -> EPA IRIS
LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient)	Log Kow= 6.076.51
Color/Form	MONOCLINIC NEEDLES FROM BENZENE
Löslichkeit	Insoluble (NTP, 1992)SOL IN ACETIC ACIDSLIGHTLY SOL IN ALC, ETHER> 10% in benzene> 10% in chloroform> 10% in petroleum etherIn water = 0.16X10-3 mg/l at 25 °Cchloroform: soluble10mg/mL0.11ug/L(25 ºC)
Schmelzpunkt	621 °F (NTP, 1992)327 °C>300 °C (lit.)
Dampfdruck	0.00000002 [mmHg]
Physical Description	Monoclinic needles or white powder. Insoluble in water. (NTP, 1992)Solid[HSDB] Powder[MSDSonline]
Siedepunkt	405.75°C (rough estimate)
Dichte	2.956
Brechungsindex	1.7040 (estimate)
Flammpunkt	-18 °C
Lagerbedingungen	APPROX 4°C
Aggregatzustand	solid
Farbe	White to Pale Beige
BRN	1912586
Henry-Konstante	9.3×10-2 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Kuramochi et al. (2004)
Stabilität	Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChI	1S/C6Br6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9
InChIKey	CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	Brc1c(Br)c(Br)c(Br)c(Br)c1Br
CAS Datenbank	87-82-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA chemische Informationen	Hexabromobenzene (87-82-1)

Sicherheit & Vorschriften

GHS-Einstufung	WarningH302+H312+H332 (88.6%): Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermalacute toxicity, inhalation]P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 44 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Regulatorische Informationen	Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityDevelopmental Toxicity
DOT-Kennzeichnung	Class 9
Brandgefahren	Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:
Gesundheitsgefahren	SYMPTOMS: Irritation of eyes, skin and mucous membranes.
Gefahrenübersicht	Changes in various enzyme activities were observed in high-dose animal studiesNo evidence of hepatotoxicity, hepatic porphyria, fetotoxicity, or teratogenicity[HSDB] Causes other changes in liver in animal experiments[RTECS] A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant[CAMEO] See Hexachlorobenzene.
Reaktive Gruppe	Aryl Halides
Reactivity Profile	Simple aromatic halogenated organic compounds, such as HEXABROMOBENZENE, are very unreactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Materials in this group may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they may be incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides.
Air and Water Reactions	Insoluble in water.
Hazard Classes and Categories	Acute Tox. 4 (88.6%)
Brandbekämpfung	Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:
Erste Hilfe	EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
Freisetung ohne Brand	SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then dampen the solid spill material with toluene, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with toluene to pick up any remaining material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent-wash all contaminated surfaces with toluene followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.
Entsorgungsverfahren	SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
Isolation and Evacuation	Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)	RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)
Körperbelastung	Hexabromobenzene was detected in human adipose tissue in Japan at concn range of 0.35 to 0.65 ng/g (wet weight)(1).
Wechselwirkungen	The halogenated benzenes, inducers of xenobiotic metabolism, were studied for their effects on the metabolism of malathion, malaoxon (lindane), and paraoxon and on the toxicity and lethality of these organophosphorus insecticides and parathion. One mmol/kg of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 1,4-dibromobenzene, 1,2,4-tribromobenzene, or hexabromobenzene or 0.1 mmol/kg hexachlorobenzene was administered po to male mice daily for 7 days. In general, the trihalogenated benzenes increased the LD50 of all 4 insecticides 2- to 6-fold. These increases were larger than those observed with the di- or hexahalogenated isomers. The bromide-substituted benzenes were usually more active than the chlorinated ones with the exception being hexabromobenzene. There was a good correlation between their effects on lethality and increases in in vitro carboxylesterase activity with either-malathion or malaoxon as the substrate. The trihalogenated benzenes decreased the inhibitory effect of malathion on cholinesterase activity in the brain and to a lesser degree in the red blood cells, but not in 1iver or plasma.
Zielorgane	Hepatic
Umweltverhalten	TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 48,000(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that hexabromobenzene will be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of hexabromobenzene may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Volatilization from dry soil surfaces(SRC) is not expected based on an estimated vapor pressure of 1.6X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Based on limited data, this compound is expected to be resistant to biodegradation(6)8 and 10% biodegradation was reported for river water and seawater inocula, respectively, after a 3 day incubation(7).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 48,000(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), indicates that hexabromobenzene should adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Hexabromobenzene may volatilize from water surfaces(1,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 and 32 days, respectively(1,SRC), although adsorption to sediment and particulate matter may attenuate this process(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model pond, taking into account adsorptive processes, is 114 months(8). Conflicting data are available on the bioconcentration of hexabromobenzene in fish and aquatic organisms. In short-term studies (4-16 days), hexabromobenzene was found to be non-accumulative in fish(4,5)however, in a 96 day study using rainbow trout, a mean bioconcentration factor of 1,100 was obtained(6). It was suggested that non-accumulation of this compound in guppies was due to the size of hexabromobenzene, resulting in a lack of membrane permeation(4). Based on limited data, this compound is expected to be resistant to biodegradation(7)8 and 10% biodegradation was reported for river water and seawater inocula, respectively, after a 3 day incubation(9).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), hexabromobenzene, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.6X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), will exist solely as a particulate in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase hexabromobenzene may be physically removed from the air by dry deposition(SRC). Degradation by direct photolysis(4) is not expected to occur.
EPA IRIS Information	HexabromobenzeneHepatic2 x 10 ^-3 mg/kg-day
Soil Adsorption/Mobility	The Koc of hexabromobenzene is estimated as approximately 48,000(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 6.07(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that hexabromobenzene is immobile in soil(SRC).
TSCA Test Submissions	Acute inhalation toxicity was evaluated in groups of 10 male Manor Farms rats and 10 male ChR-CD rats exposed to hexabromobenzene at a concentration that was not reported for a period of 4 hours. Mortality and the LC50 were not reported. Clinical observations for both strains of rats included salivation, irregular respiration, lacrimation, exophthalmos, a reddish nasal discharge, and tremors. Gross necropsy revealed necrotic tracheitis and slight testicular degeneration accompanied by suppressed spermatogenesis in the Manor Farms rats and necrotic and diphtheritic tracheitis, bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and murine pneumonia in the ChR-CD rats.
Natural Pollution Sources	Hexabromobenzene is of anthropogenic origin, and it is not believed to occur naturally. (SRC)
Artificial Pollution Sources	Hexabromobenzene's possible production and use as a flame retardant(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Hexabromobenzene may enter the environment as a fugitive emission from its use as a flame retardant(SRC). In Japan, hexabromobenzene is used as a flame retardant in items such as plastics, paper, and electric manufactured goods(2). Hexabromobenzene may also enter the environment as a result of the high temperature breakdown of octabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ether, pentabromophenol, and hexabromobiphenyl, all which are used as flame retardants(3). Hexabromobenzene was formed during the pyrolysis of decabromodiphenyl oxide(4). Accidental fire residues in private residences contained 1,3,5-tribromobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrabromobenzene, and hexabromobenzene as an unquantitated mixture(5). Hexabromobenzene may be formed during the natural debromination of decabromobiphenyl ether during photolysis(6).
Environmental Biodegradation	Hexabromobenzene was listed as non-biodegradable in a Japanese MITI screening BOD test(1). The biodegradability of hexabromobenzene, at 0.5 ppm, was measured using the cultivation method8 and 10% biodegradation was reported for river water and seawater inocula, respectively, after a 3 day incubation(2).
Sediment/Soil Concentrations	Sediment samples collected from 17 sites in Japan during 1981-1983 contained hexabromobenzene at concentrations ranging from 5.6 to 60.1 ug/kg for river samples to <0.5 (below detection) to 6.2 ug/kg for estuary samples(1). A sediment sample collected from the Second Neya River in Osaka, Japan in 1983 contained hexabromobenzene at 0.017 mg/l(2).
Environmental Bioconcentration	Conflicting data on the bioconcentration of hexabromobenzene has appeared in the literature. Juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) did not take up hexabromobenzene from either water or contaminated food over a 4 day period(1). This compound did not bioconcentrate in 1 year old male guppies (Poecilia reticulat) following a 16 day exposure period(2)the lack of bioconcentration was thought to be due to the size of this molecule resulting in a lack of membrane permeation(2). Hexabromobenzene was listed as a chemical compound confirmed to be non-accumulative in screening studies(3), and hexabromobenzene has been reported to have a bioconcentration factor (BCF) of approximately 10(4). In a 96 day experiment in a flow-through tank, hexabromobenzene had a mean BCF in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) of 1,100(5)in the first 7 days of this experiment, no hexabromobenzene was detected in whole fish samples(5). According to a classification scheme(6), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms can range from low in short term studies to very high in long term studies(SRC).
Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK)	3
TSCA-Inventar-Status	TSCA listed
UN-Transportnummer	UN 3077 9/PG 3
Zollcode	29039990
RTECS-Nr.	DA2200100
R-Sätze (R)	20/21/22-36/37/38-67-65-50/53-38-11
Gefahrensymbole	Xn,N,F
Sicherheitshinweise (S)	26-36/37-62-61-60
Lagerklasse	11 - Combustible Solids
Gefahrstoffdaten	87-82-1(Hazardous Substances Data)
Gefahrenklasse	Acute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 InhalationAcute Tox. 4 OralAquatic Chronic 4Eye Irrit. 2Skin Irrit. 2STOT SE 3

Anwendungen & Verwendung

Verwenden

Hexabromobenzene is a flame retardant and a standard for environmental testing and research.