Treprostinil

Pharmaceuticals -> Antihypertensives

Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15

Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Antihypertensive Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Prostaglandins; Vasodilator Agents

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

EMA approved medicines: Human medicine (Orphan designations)

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

Danger

H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

P203, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 2 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Researchers did encounter treprostinil overdose during the trials, which presented with signs and symptoms of vasodilatation such as flushing, hypotension, and headache. It can also result from pump dysfunction, accidental bolus administration, or prescribing the wrong dose. These symptoms are self-limited and will be resolved by temporarily discontinuing the medication or reducing the dosage.

B - Blood and blood forming organs

QB - Blood and blood forming organs

As an analogue of prostacyclin, treprostinil promotes the vasodilation of pulmonary and systemic arterial vascular beds and the inhibition of platelet aggregation. In animals, the vasodilatory effects of treprostinil lead to a reduction of right and left ventricular afterload and an increase in cardiac output and stroke volume. Treprostinil also causes a dose-related negative inotropic and lusitropic effect, and no major effects on cardiac conduction have been detected. Short-lasting effects on QTc were detected in healthy volunteers (n=240) given inhaled single doses of 54 and 84 μg of treprostinil. These effects dissipated rapidly as treprostinil concentrations lowered. When given subcutaneously or intravenously, treprostinil has the potential to reach higher concentrations. The effect of oral treprostinil on QTc has not been evaluated. Due to its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, treprostinil can increase the risk of bleeding, and patients with low systemic arterial pressure taking treprostinil may experience symptomatic hypotension. The abrupt withdrawal of treprostinil or drastic changes in dose may worsen the symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The inhalation of treprostinil can also cause bronchospasms in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or bronchial hyperreactivity. When given intravenously, treprostinil can lead to infusion complications and increase the risk of bloodstream infections.

Treprostinil is a stable analogue of prostacyclin, a prostaglandin that acts as an anti-thrombotic agent and a potent vasodilator. Prostacyclin analogues are useful in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries between the heart and lungs. PAH leads to right heart failure due to the remodelling of pulmonary arteries, and patients with this condition have a poor prognosis. Treprostinil binds and activates the prostacyclin receptor, the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1, and the prostaglandin E2 receptor 2. The activation of these receptors leads to the elevation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, which consequently promotes the opening of calcium-activated potassium channels that lead to cell hyperpolarization. This mechanism promotes the direct vasodilation of pulmonary and systemic arterial vascular beds and the inhibition of platelet aggregation. In addition to its direct vasodilatory effects, treprostinil inhibits inflammatory pathways.