Methylnicotinat

0.8

0.83

Soluble

47.6 mg/mL at 20 °C

Soluble in fat; Slightly soluble in water

Soluble (in ethanol)

209

209.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

38-43

38 °C

Solid; [Merck Index]

Solid

White crystalline solid; Fresh caramelic nutty, mild tobacco aroma

1100；1116；1098；1100；1127.1

1141.2；1152.2；1137.4；1139.2；1140.1；1145；1136；1137；1149；1136；1136.6

1743；1779；1739；1779；1767.7；1793；1773.5

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.8% (13 of 1623) of reports.

Warning

H315 (98.6%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]；H319 (99.1%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, and P362+P364 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1623 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.；Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 13 of 1623 reports by companies.；There are 12 notifications provided by 1610 of 1623 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).；Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Chemical: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, methyl ester

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)

Status: Cease Manufacture Update: 08-02-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/19335；Status: Active Update: 28-09-2017 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/20643

Methyl nicotinate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Following topical administration, methyl nicotinate acts as a peripheral vasodilator to enhance local blood flow at the site of application. It induced vasodilation of the peripheral blood capillaries which are located in the dermal papillae of upper dermis layers adjacent to the epidermis–dermis junction. During tissue penetration at the dermis, methyl nicotinate is hydrolyzed to nicotinic acid. In human volunteers, topical administration of methyl nicotinate caused vasodilation-induced generalized cutaneous erythema.

While the mechanism of action of methyl nicotinate and other topically-administered nicotinic acid esters is not clear, it is thought that methyl nicotinate promotes the release of prostaglandin D2 that is strictly locally-acting due to its short half-life. It was demonstrated in human subjects that the local cutaneous vascular response to methyl nicotinic was suppressed by inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis, indicating that the effect of methyl nicotinate on vascular smooth muscles may be mediated by the release of local prostaglandins. Prostaglandins released from the skin and blood vessels induce cutaneous vasodilation.

The presence of methyl group facilitates the penetration of methyl nicotinate through the skin with good lipophilicity, allowing rapid absorption following topical administration. _In vitro_, about 80-90% of the polar compounds methyl nicotinate rapidly penetrated the skin. It was demonstrated in excised skin of hairless mice that methyl nicotinate can effectively bypass the stratum corneum layer of the skin. In humans, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide were shown to be rapidly absorbed from the stomach and intestine via a sodium carrier-mediated mechanism at low concentrations.