Styrol
SM · STYRENE MONOMER · VINYLBENZENE · ETHENYLBENZENE · STYROL · PHENYLETHYLENE · Styren · Oligosaccharide
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 100-42-5 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C8H8 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 104,15 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 104,06260026 g/mol |
| SMILES | C=Cc1ccccc1 |
| InChIKey | PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 7501 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL285235 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:27452 |
| EC No. | 202-851-5 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2021284 |
| Lokaler Name | Styrol |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 2,9 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 0 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 1 |
| Schwere Atome | 8 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 68 |
| Schmelzpunkt | -31 °C (lit.) |
| Siedepunkt | 145-146 °C (lit.) |
| Dichte | 0.906 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Dampfdichte | 3.6 (vs air) |
| Dampfdruck | 12.4 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C) |
| Brechungsindex | n20/D 1.546(lit.) |
| Flammpunkt | 88 °F |
| Lagerbedingungen | Store at <= 20°C. |
| Löslichkeit | 0.24g/l0.3 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Aggregatzustand | Liquid |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) |
| Wichte | 0.909 |
| Farbe | Colorless |
| Geruch | at 0.10 % in triacetin. sweet balsam floral plastic |
| Geruchsart | balsamic |
| Geruchsschwelle | 0.035ppm |
| Explosionsgrenze | 1.1-8.9%(V) |
| Biologische Quelle | synthetic |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(liquid): 1.75 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,8860 |
| BRN | 1071236 |
| Henry-Konstante | (x 10-3 atmm3/mol): 3.91 at 25 °C (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) |
| Dielektrizitätskonstante | 2.4(25℃) |
| Stabilität | Stable, but may polymerize upon exposure to light. Normally shipped with a dissolved inhibitor. Substances to be avoided include strong acids, aluminium chloride, strong oxidizing agents, copper, copper alloys, metallic salts, polymerization catalysts and accelerators. Flammable - vapour may travel considerable distance to ignition source |
| Hauptanwendungen | environmental |
| Kosmetik-Inhaltsstoffe Funktionen | SOLVENT |
| InChI | 1S/C8H8/c1-2-8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h2-7H,1H2 |
| InChIKey | PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | C=Cc1ccccc1 |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 2.96 at 25℃ |
| CAS Datenbank | 100-42-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Styrene(100-42-5) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Styrene (100-42-5) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| Berufliche Expositionsstufe (OEB) | A |
|---|---|
| Arbeitsplatzgrenzwert (OEL) | TWA: 50 ppm (215 mg/m3), STEL: 100 ppm (425 mg/m3) |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 2 |
| Sofort lebensgefährliche Konzentration | 700 ppm |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 2055 (STYRENE MONOMER, STABILIZED) |
| Zollcode | 2902 50 00 |
| RTECS-Nr. | WL3675000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 10-20-36/38-40-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-48/20-63 |
| Toxizität | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 660 ± 44.3 i.p.90 ± 5.2 i.v. |
| Gefahrensymbole | Xn,T,F |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 23-36-26-16-45-36/37-7-46 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 3Acute Tox. 4 InhalationAquatic Chronic 3Asp. Tox. 1Eye Irrit. 2Flam. Liq. 3Repr. 2Skin Irrit. 2STOT RE 1 InhalationSTOT SE 3 |
| Verpackungsgruppe | III |
| Lagerklasse | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 100-42-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Selbstentzündungstemperatur | 914 °F |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
Styrene has a characteristic, sweet, balsamic, almost floral odor that is extremely penetrating. Styrene occurs naturally in plants. It was first isolated from a resin called storax obtained from the inner bark of the Oriental sweet gum tree (Liquidambar orientalis) by Bonastre. In 1839, the German apothecary Eduard Simon prepared styrene by distilling it from storax and called it styrol. Simon observed it solidifi ed into a rubbery substance after being stored and believed it had oxidized into styrol oxide. Subsequent analysis showed the solid did not contain oxygen and it was renamed metastyrol. This was the first written record of polymerization in chemistry. In 1845, the English chemist, John Blyth, and the German chemist, August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818 1892), observed that styrene was converted to polystyrene by sunlight and that styrene could be polymerized to polystyrene by heating in the absence of oxygen. It took another 70 years for the polymerization of styrene to be described by Hermann Staudinger (1881 1965) in the 1920s. This laid the foundation for the commercial polystyrene industry that developed in the 1930s.
Occurrence
Reported found in cranberry and bilberry, currants, grape, parsley, milk and dairy products, whiskey, cocoa, coffee, tea, roasted filberts and roasted peanuts. Also reported found in fresh apple, guava fruit, pineapple, vinegar, butter, fish oil, black tea, roasted filbert, roasted peanut, soybean, plum brandy, apple brandy, Brazil nut, rice bran, Bourbon vanilla, grapes, peach, strawberry, onion, peas, bell pepper, cassia leaf, cheeses, parsley, milk, boiled and scrambled egg, lean fish, fish oil, cooked chicken and beef, rum, malt and Scotch whiskey, cider, grape, wine, cocoa, coffee, honey, cloudberry, plum, rose apple, beans, trassi, walnut, buckwheat, soursop, watercress, kiwifruit, wild rice, sapodilla fruit, nectarine, okra, crab, crayfish and pawpaw.
Verwenden
Styrene (monomer) is a viscous, highly flammable liquid that evaporates easily and polymerizes readily to polystyrene unless a stabilizer is added. Styrene is used in multiple industries, especially in reinforced plastics (e.g., fiberglass boats), and is widely used to make plastics and rubber, packaging materials (e.g., packing peanuts ), insulation for buildings, plastic pipes, food containers (e.g., takeout containers), and carpet backing) (ATSDR, 2010).
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Prepared from ethylbenzene or from phenylethanol.