Bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipat

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

IN GENERAL, MATERIALS ... TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMP INTO TOXIC COMPONENTS ... SHOULD BE STORED IN COOL ... VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF ... SUN, AWAY FROM ... FIRE HAZARD ... BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED & MONITORED. INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS SHOULD BE ISOLATED.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

27 [mg/m3]

300 [mg/m3]

1800 [mg/m3]

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was detected, not quantified, in 1 of 8 tissue samples collected from persons between the ages of 0-14 years, 4 of 8 tissue samples collected from persons between the ages of 15-44 years, and 3 of 8 tissue samples collected from persons above 45 years of age(1). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was detected in 7 of 46 tissue samples collected from people between April and June, 1984 at concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 0.165 ug/g(1).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 49,000(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). The dominant degradation process in the soil environment is expected to be microbial degradation. Biodegradation test results indicate that bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is readily biodegradable(3,4). Therefore, the dominant degradation process in the soil environment is expected to be microbial degradation(SRC). Volatilization of bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 4.34X10-7atm-cu m/mole(3). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 8.5X10-7mm Hg(3).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 49,000(SRC), determined from an estimation method(2), indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Biodegradation test results indicate that bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is readily biodegradable(4). Therefore, the dominant degradation process in the aquatic environment is expected to be microbial degradation(4). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.34X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(4). According to a classification scheme(5), a BCF of 27(4), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is expected to hydrolyze producing 2-ethylhexanol and hexanoic acid(SRC). Estimated hydrolysis half-lives are 3 years and 120 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(6).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, which has a vapor pressure of 8.5X10-7 mm Hg at 20 °C(3), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 0.63 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(4) determined using a structure estimation method(2). Particulate-phase bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate may undergo direct photolysis in the environment, since this compound contains a functional group that can absorb light >290 nm(5).

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was qualitatively detected in the aroma isolate of mango fruit(1); the source of the bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was migration from the PVC film in which the fruit was wrapped during storage(1). The following concns of bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (in mg/kg) were detected in retail foodstuffs packaged in cling-film plastic wrap(2): fresh fruits and vegetables: 0.2-6.4; sandwiches: 30-212; cheese: 28-135; fresh pork: 1.8-64; fresh lamb: 2.9-11; fresh beef: 1.0-8.0; fresh chicken: 8.5-53(2); draught beer had levels of 0.01-0.07 mg/kg which presumably came from plasticizer migration from plastic tubing(2); bottled beverages had levels of 0.01-0.1 mg/kg which presumably came from plastic closure seals(2). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate migrations from PVC food wrap films of 41-362 mg/kg were measured for various exposures of food (sandwich, cheese, cake, chicken, biscuits) to the food wrap(3). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was detected, not quantified, in 200 g of roasted Chinese chestnuts collected from a commercial grower in Western Pennsylvania(4).

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=103-23-1]

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate concns of 2-70 ppb were detected in effluent waters collected from three NJ POTW (publicly owned treatment works) that were sampled three times during a 1-yr period(1); two of the plants were in industrial areas while the third was in a rural area with no known industrial input(1); however, the rural POTW had the highest detected concn(1). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was detected in 9 of 28 wastewater samples (detection limit 1 ppb) taken from waste treatment plants, industrial effluents and polluted fiords in Norway(2). A wastewater effluent collected from a chemical plant on the Delaware River in Aug 1977 contained a bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate concn of 2000 ppb(3). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was qualitatively detected in water samples collected from advanced waste treatment facilities in Lake Tahoe, CA (Oct 1974), Pomona, CA (Sep 1974), Orange County, CA (Jan 1976), and Washington, DC (Sep 1974)(4). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was detected in 1 of 4 air samples collected from the 700 MW power station of Flensburg, Germany at a concentration of 73,000 ng/cu nm(5). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was detected in incoming leachate samples collected from a municipal landfill in Hyllstofta, Sweden with an average concentration of 3250 ng/l; after nitrification an average concentration of 6185 ng/l was detected and after denitrification, an avg concn of 8000 ng/l was detected(6).

Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate

Hepatic

Developmental

6 x 10 ^-1 mg/kg-day

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate can be estimated to be 49,000(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is expected to be immobile in soil.

The ability of di-2-ethylhexyl adipate to induce morphological transformation in the BALB/3T3 mouse cell line (Cell Transformation Assay) was evaluated. Based on preliminary clonal toxicity determinations (exposure time=72 hrs), di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, in 0.5% acetone, was tested at 3.38, 6.75, 13.5, and 27.0 nl/ml, with cell survival ranging from 89.0-31.7% relative to the solvent control. The material did not induce the appearance of a significant number of transformed foci (Bailey's modification of Student's t-test).

Effects on the liver and liver lipids were evaluated in groups of male and female Fischer 344 rats (5/sex/dose) fed nominal concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5% di-2-ethylhexyl adipate in the diet for 21 days. Toxicity was evident by statistical differences between dosed groups and control groups for: mean body weights (2.5% group, males and females), absolute and relative liver weights (0.6, 1.2 and 2.5% group females, 1.2 and 2.5% group males), relative kidney weights (1.2 and 2.5% groups male and female). There were no statistically significant differences in absolute and relative testes weights or levels of serum triglycerides and cholesterol between dosed and control groups. Liver biochemistry revealed statistically significant differences between treated and controls as indicated by an increase in cyanide-insensitive palmitoyl-CoA oxidation (1.2 and 2.5% group males, 2.5% group females), an increase in the lauric acid 12-hydroxylase activity (0.6-2.5% groups male and female), increase in lauric acid 11-hydroxylase activity (0.6 and 1.2% group males, although no clear dose response was observed), and hepatic protein levels (increased in the 2.5% group males and decreased in the 2.5% group females). There was a dose related increase in peroxisome proliferation at doses above 0.1% although the 0.6 and 1.2% group females were given equal scores.

The rate of hydrolysis of di-2-ethylhexyl adipate was determined in intestinal homogenates prepared from male Sprague-Dawley rats at 37 degC in a water bath shaker. Hydrolysis was rapid with an estimated half-life of 6.0 min.

The ability of di-2-ethylhexyl adipate to induce morphological transformation in the BALB/3T3 mouse cell line (Cell Transformation Assay) in the presence of added metabolic activation by Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 fraction was evaluated. Based on preliminary clonal toxicity determinations (exposure time=48 hrs), di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, in 0.5% acetone, was tested at 42, 28, 7, 0.7 and 0.07 ul/ml, with cell survival ranging from 52.3% to 11.5% relative to the solvent control. The test material did not induce the appearance of a significant number of transformed foci (Bailey's modification of Student's t-test).

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ADIPATE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

CIR ingredient: Diethylhexyl Adipate

Used as a plasticizer, in processing polyvinyl and other polymers, as a solvent, in aircraft lubricants, and in hydraulic fluids; [HSDB]

Plasticizer, commonly blended with general purpose plasticizers, such as /di-n-octyl phthalate/ and /diisooctyl phthalate/ in processing polyvinyl and other polymers; solvent; aircraft lubes

Functional (hydraulic) fluid

Plasticizer or solvent in the following cosmetics: bath oils, eye shadow, cologne, foundations, rouge, blusher, nail-polish remover, moisturizers and indoor tanning preparations

... PVC film now used in meat wrapping operations contains bis(2-ethyl hexyl) adipate (DOA) as its major plasticizer.

(1972) NEGLIGIBLE

(1974) 1.9X10+9 GRAMS (PRINCPL CUSTMS DISTS)

2023: 25,000,000 - <40,000,000 lb

(1972) 2.04X10+10 GRAMS

(1975) 1.38X10+11 GRAMS

(1984) 1.25X10+10 g

(1991) 24,343 kg

REACTION OF ADIPIC ACID AND 2-ETHYLHEXANOL IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ESTERIFICATION CATALYST SUCH AS SULFURIC ACID OR P-TOLUENESULFONIC ACID

Reaction of adipic acid and 2-ethylhexanol

Trade Names: Adipol 2EH; Bisoflex DOA; Effomoll DOA; Ergoplast AdDO; Flexol A26; Kodaflex DOA; Mollan S; Monoplex DOA; Plastomoll DDA; PX-238; Reomol DOA; Rucoflex Plasticizer DOA; Sicol 250; Staflex DOA; Truflex DOA; Uniflex DOA; Estinol DOA; Wickenol 158; Witamol 320

Palatinol DOA (Badische), Plasthall DOA (CP Hall), Nuoplax (Nuodex)

Grade: 99% min

Fragrance Ingredients

Cosmetics -> Emollient; Film forming; Plasticiser

Plastics -> Plasticisers

Plastics -> Polymer Type -> PUR; PVC (soft)

Construction

Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester: ACTIVE

IN FRANCE & ITALY DIOCTYL ADIPATE IS PERMITTED CONSTITUENT OF PLASTICS INTENDED FOR CONTACT WITH FOODSTUFFS.