2-Ethylhexan-1-ol

Phthalate

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

Mild, oily, sweet, slightly floral odor reminiscent of rose

Intense and unpleasant

Sweet, fatty-floral taste with fruital note

Intense and unpleasant

0.834 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8344 at 20 °C/20 °C

Bulk density: 6.9 lb/gal at 20 °C

% IN SATURATED AIR: 0.0066 @ 20 °C; DENSITY OF "SATURATED" AIR: LESS THAN 1.001 (AIR= 1)

Relative density (water = 1): 0.83

0.830-0.834

9.8 centapoise at 20 °C

12,0 mm²/s at 20 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.7% (26 of 3744) of reports.

Warning

H315 (88.6%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 3744 reports by companies from 58 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

Chemical: 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)

1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 31-03-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15194

1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-: HSNO Approval: HSR001386 Approved with controls

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)

Combustible. Above 73 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations may cause CNS effects; [ICSC] An irritant; May cause severe injury to eyes; Effects in high-dose animal studies include degenerative changes to brain; [MSDSonline]

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol is included on this list. Effective date: 6/1/87; Sunset date: 12/19/95.

Residues of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Use: Solvent, adjuvant of surfactants. Limit: Not more than 10% of pesticide.

Residues of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to animals. Use: Solvent, adjuvant of surfactants. Limit: Not more than 10% of pesticide.

2-ETHYL HEXANOL is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids. (NTP, 1992)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

To fight fire, use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas.

Contain spillage, and then collects with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulation ... Keep in sutable, closed containers for disposal.

Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Product: This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.

Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

2-Ethylhexanol was detected in 17.6% of 387 samples of expired air from 54 study subjects selected from urban areas who were normal, healthy and nonsmoking; the geometric mean concentration was 4 ng/L of expired air at 25 °C(1). 2-Ethylhexanol was not detected in twelve breath samples from subjects in Bayonne, NJ(2). 2-Ethylhexanol was found in 1 of 8 samples (Pittsburgh, Pa) of mother's milk collected from various US cities(3). In a national study in fiscal year 1982, 2-ethylhexanol was found in 7 of 46 composite samples of adipose tissue(4). The age distribution of positive composites was (age, fraction positive samples): 0-14, 1/12; 15-44, 4/17; 45+, 2/17(4).

2-Ethylhexanol was detected in 17.6% of 387 samples of expired air from 54 study subjects selected from urban areas who were normal, healthy and nonsmoking; the geometric mean concn was 4 ng/L of expired air at 25 °C(1). It was not detected in twelve breath samples from subjects in Bayonne, NJ(3). 2-Ethylhexanol was found in 1 of 8 samples (Pittsburgh, Pa) of mother's milk collected from various US cities(2). In a national study in FY 82, 2-ethylhexanol was found in 7 of 46 composite samples of adipose tissue(4). The age distribution of positive composites was (age, fraction positive samples): 0-14, 1/12; 15-44, 4/17; 45+, 2/17.

Pregnant Wistar rats were admin undiluted di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP; 12.5 or 25 mmol/kg bw), 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (6.25 or 12.5 mmol/kg bw, approx equivalent to 800 and 1600 mg/kg bw), or 2-ethylhexanoic acid (EA; 6.25 or 12.5 mmol/kg bw) by gavage on day 12 of gestation. Control rats were not gavaged (untreated controls). Caffeine (150 mg/kg) was dissolved in water and injected ip in some pregnant rats of each group. Rats were killed on day 20 of gestation; following Caesarean section, implantation sites were determined in situ and the number of dead or resorbed fetuses was determined. Live fetuses were removed and examined; internal and external soft tissue and skeletal malformations were recorded. At least seven litters for each experimental condition were analyzed. Administration of each test compound resulted in statistically significant, dose-related increases in malformed live fetuses ... 2-ethyl-1-hexanol: 6.25 mmol/kg bw (7 litters) - 2.0 + or - 1.3%, 12.5 mmol/kg bw (7 litters) - 22.2 + or - 14.7% ... compared to controls (no malformed live fetuses in 7 litters). Defects in fetuses following treatment with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol included hydronephrosis (7.8% of live fetuses), tail defects (4.9% of live fetuses), limb defects (9.7% of live fetuses), and other defects (1.0% of live fetuses). For each test compound, caffeine was reported to potentiate (increase) the percent of malformed live fetuses. However, administration of test compounds did not significantly affect the percentage of dead and resorbed fetuses compared to controls. No maternal effects associated with the test compounds were reported ... .

EC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green Algae Order); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 130000 ug/L for 24 hr; Effect: physiology, assimilation efficiency

LC50; Species: Artemia salina (Brine Shrimp) nauplii; Conditions: saltwater, static, 24 °C; Concentration: 19000 ug/L for 24 hr

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) weight 0.1 g; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.4, hardness 272 mg/L CaCO3; Concentration: 10000 ug/L for 24 hr (95% confidence interval: 10000-33000 ug/L) /100% purity technical material/

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) weight 0.1 g; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.4, hardness 272 mg/L CaCO3; Concentration: 10000 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 10000-33000 ug/L) /100% purity technical material/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 35(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-ethylhexanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-ethylhexanol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.6X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 0.136 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 880 mg/L(4). 2-Ethylhexanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Based on 31, 52, and 5% biodegradation when incubated for 21 days in soil from a waste disposal site, in soil amended with nitrogen, and in soil incubated under anaerobic conditions, respectively(5), biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 35(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-ethylhexanol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.6X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 0.136 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 880 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 41 hours and 16 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 30(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.73(2) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Using river water incubated at 18-19 °C, 59% biodegradation after 9 days(11) suggests that biodegradation may be an important enviornmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-ethylhexanol, which has a vapor pressure of 0.136 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-ethylhexanol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 26 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 2-Ethylhexanol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

2-Ethylhexanol is a volatile found in fruits, such as cassava(1), apricots(2), plums(2), apples(3), and nectarines(4). 2-Ethylhexanol was detected in raw and roasted earth almonds (Cyperus esculentus L)(5). It is also a meat flavor volatile and has been identified in raw beef(6), duck meat(7), frankfurters(8) and fried bacon(9).

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Earlier work with pure cultures had shown that the interaction of microbes with plasticizers leads to the formation of metabolites including 2-ethylhexanoic acid and 2-ethylhexanol that resist further degradation... These compounds have been shown to exhibit acute toxicity using Microtox, Daphnia, rainbow trout and fathead minnow toxicity assays. Since it is already well established that plasticizers are ubiquitous in the environment, it is expected that their recalcitrant metabolites will also be ubiquitous. This is of concern because, while the plasticizers do not exhibit acute toxicity, their metabolites do.

2-Ethyl-1-hexanol was detected in shoot samples of Marginatus (Plectranthus coleoides) /White-edged Swedish Ivy/ at a concentration range of 0-36 ppm(1).

2-Ethylhexanol is a plant volatile which has been identified in cassava(1), apricots(2), plums(2), apples(3), and nectarines(4). The amount of 2-ethylhexanol emitted from immature apples is not substantially different from that emitted from apples at different post-harvest periods(3). 2-Ethylhexanol was detected, not quantified, in whole and ground musty sorghum(5).

Cough. Dizziness. Headache. Sore throat. Weakness.

Redness. Dry skin.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.

Nausea. Further see Inhalation.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol is included on this list. Effective date: 6/1/87; Sunset date: 12/19/95.

Residues of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Use: Solvent, adjuvant of surfactants. Limit: Not more than 10% of pesticide.

Residues of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to animals. Use: Solvent, adjuvant of surfactants. Limit: Not more than 10% of pesticide.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. 2-Ethylhexanol is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

2-Ethylhexanol was efficiently absorbed following oral administration to rats. ... The amount of label recovered in (14)CO2 matched the amount of unlabelled 2-heptanone plus 4-heptanone recovered from urine, suggesting that both types of metabolite may have been derived form the major urinary metabolite, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, by decarboxylation following partial beta-oxidation. The (14)CO2 appeared not to be derived from acetate (urinary acetic acid and liver and brain cholesterol were not labelled) or by reductive decarboxylation (heptane was not present.) Other identified metabolites were 2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-5-ketohexanoic acid, and 2-ethyl-1,6-hexanedioic acid. Only about 3% of the ethylhexanol was excreted unchanged.

The major urinary metabolite of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in the rat was shown to be 2-ethylhexanoic acid through acid extraction of urine. This metabolite can undergo partial B-oxidation and decarboxylation to produce (14)CO2 and 2- and 4-heptanone (in the urine). Other urinary metabolites of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were identified as 2-ethyl-5- hydroxyhexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-5-ketohexanoic acid, and 2-ethyl-1,6-hexanedioic acid. Approximately 3% of the parent compound was excreted unchanged.

Rats and other mammals hydrolyze orally ingested DEHP (di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, a plasticizer in food-contact materials) to (EH) and MEHP (mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) prior to absorption of (mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) by the intestine ... .

... Studied the metabolism of 8 mg (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol in rats and 200 mg (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol in rabbits following ip injection. The major urinary metabolite in rats was 2-ethylhexanoyl glucuronide; 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and 2-ethyl hexanoic acid were also identified in rat urine. In rabbits, the major urinary metabolite also was 2-ethylhexanoyl glucuronide; 2-ethylhexanoyl glucuronide; 2-ethyl-2,3-dihydroxyhexanoic acid and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were also identified in rabbit urine ... .

For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for 2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2-Ethylhexanol was efficiently absorbed following oral administration to rats. (14)C associated with 2-ethyl(1-14C)hexanol was rapidly excreted in respiratory CO2 (6-7%), feces (8-9%) and urine (80-82%), with essentially complete elimination by 28 hr after administration.

Two adult male CD-strain rats (300 g) were gavaged with radiolabeled 2-ethyl-1-(14)C-hexanol ((14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol; 1 uCi; 8.8 ug) in cottonseed oil. Two others were given the same amount of (14)C-EH and cottonseed oil, but also were given 0.1 mL (0.64 mmol) of unlabeled 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. Following administration of the test substance, rats were housed in metabolism cages with ad libitum access to feed and water; expired CO2, urine, and feces were collected every hour for 28 hrs. Most (99.8%) of the orally administered radioactivity was accounted for by radioactivity in expired CO2, urine, feces, an ethanol wash of the metabolism cage at the end of the experiment, heart, brain, liver, kidneys, and "residual carcass." 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol was efficiently absorbed following oral administration and rapidly excreted in respired CO2 (6-7%), urine (80-82%), and feces (8-9%); elimination was essentially complete by 28 hrs. The major urinary metabolite of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in the rat was shown to be 2-ethylhexanoic acid through acid extraction of urine. This metabolite can undergo partial B-oxidation and decarboxylation to produce (14)CO2 and 2- and 4-heptanone (in the urine). Other urinary metabolites of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were identified as 2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-5-ketohexanoic acid, and 2-ethyl-1,6-hexanedioic acid. Approximately 3% of the parent compound was excreted unchanged.

An in vitro dermal absorption study of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and seven other cmpd was conducted with full thickness rat skin and human stratum corneum. The ratio of the rate of absorption of EH through rat and human skin (rat/human) was reported to be 5.8, indicating that rat skin is more permeable to 2-ethyl-1-hexanol than is human skin. Damage to skin by dermal application of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol was defined as the ratio of the permeability constant for 3-H2O after contact with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol to the permeability constant for 3-H2O before application. Ratios for human skin (1.5 + or - 0.4 and 3.7 + or - 2.1) and rat skin (31.9 + or - 5.1) indicated that dermal application of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol damages rat skin more than human skin ... .

Excretion balance studies were conducted on female Fischer 344 rats (4 animals/group) following acute oral doses of 50 or 500 mg/kg bw (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol and repeated oral doses of 50 mg/kg bw/day (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol for 14 days; results of acute gavage doses of 500 mg/kg bw (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol administered neat and as aqueous suspensions containing 5 mg Polyoxyl 35 castor oil/100 mL were compared. Dermal exposures to (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol (1 g/kg bw applied dose) for 6 hr and iv exposures to 1 mg/kg bw (14)C-2-ethyl-1-hexanol were also studied. Acute oral doses of 50 or 500 mg/kg bw and repeated oral doses of 50 mg/kg bw/day showed similar excretion balance profiles of (14)C, with some evidence of metabolic saturation at the high dose. No evidence of metabolic induction was reported following repeated dosing. All oral doses were rapidly eliminated during the first 24 hours after dosing, predominantly in the urine. Approximately 5% of the dermal dose was absorbed. A majority of the oral and dermal doses were eliminated as glucuronides of oxidized metabolites of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol principally glucuronides of 2-ethyladipic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 5-hydroxy-2-ethylhexanoic acid, and 6-hydroxy-2-ethylhexanoic acid. Only trace amounts of unchanged 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were eliminated in the urine. Bioavailability of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol orally administered with the gavage vehicle was slightly greater than bioavailability of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol administered alone ... .

For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for 2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Used as a plasticizer, defoaming agent, wetting agent, solvent (nitrocellulose, paints, lacquers, and baking finishes), and textile finishing compound; Also used in inks, rubber, paper, lubricants, photography, and dry cleaning; [Hawley]

Pulp and Paper Processing [Category: Industry]

USE A sensitive method for the extraction and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using alcoholic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (AA-DLLME) and HPLC was developed... The effective parameters (type and volume of extraction and dispersive solvents, amount of salt and stirring time) on the extraction recovery were studied and optimized utilizing factorial design (FD) and central composite design (CCD). The best recovery was achieved by FD using 2-ethyl-1-hexanol as the extraction solvent and methanol as the dispersive solvent... The optimized conditions were 145 uL of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol as the extraction solvent and 4.2% w/v of salt (NaCl) in sample solution...

For 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 079098) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

2-Ethylhexanol is mainly used as the alcohol component for the manufacture of ester plasticizers for soft poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC).

Mercerizing textiles; as solvent for dyes, resins, oils; also claimed to possess antifoaming properties.

(1972) NEGLIGIBLE

(1993) 20 million pounds

2023: 1,000,000,000 - <2,500,000,000 lb

(1972) 2.27X10+11 GRAMS

(1975) 1.76X10+11 GRAMS

Demand 685 million pounds in 1992 and 700 million pounds in 1993. (Includes exports, but not imports)

1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

For more U.S. Production (Complete) data for 2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

78% As a chem int for vinyl plasticizers; 10% as a chem int for 2-ethylhexyl acrylate; 12% in other applcns (1975)

CHEMICAL PROFILE: 2-Ethylhexanol. Plasticizers, 49%; (dioctyl phthalate, 36%; dioctyl adipate, 6%; trioctyltrimellitate, 4%; other plasticizers, 3%); 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 13%; 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (cetane improver), 5%; lube additive, 3%; surfactant, 1%; miscellaneous, 4%; exports, 25%.

CHEMICAL PROFILE: 2-Ethylhexanol. Demand: 1986: 570 million lb; 1987: 630 million lb; 1991 /projected/: 615 million lb (includes exports, but not imports, which were 43 million lb in 1986).

Plasticizers, 60% (dioctyl phthalate, 38%; dioctyl adipate, 7%, trioctyl trimellitate, 6%; other plasticizers, including dioctyl terephthalate, 9%); 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 17%; 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (cetane improver), 7%; lube additive, 4%; surfactants, 3%; solvent, 2%; miscellaneous, including mining applications, 7%.

2-Ethyl hexanol is produced in 4 steps: (1) aldolization of butyraldehyde and subsequent dehydration; (2) separation of aldolization solution; (3) hydrogenation of unsaturated 2-ethyl-2-hexenal as an intermediate product; (4) fractionation of 2-ethylhexanol. The butyraldehyde required for the aldolization stage is made by hydroformylation of propene.

(A) Oxo process, from propylene and synthesis gas. (B) Aldolization of acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde, followed by hydrogenation. (C) From fermentation alcohol.

HYDROGENATION OF 2-ETHYL-1-HEXENAL AT 200 °C USING A COPPER OR NICKEL CATALYST

Grade: Technical.

Liquid grade, 99% grade, 99.5% grade

Fragrance Ingredients

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENTFood Additives -> ADJUVANT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index

METABOLITE-DEHPS

Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing

1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-: ACTIVE

The most important secondary product of butyraldehyde is 2-ethylhexanol ...

Low production costs for butyraldehyde in modern large-scale plants and the lower price of propene as compared with ethylene mean that the oxo route for the manufacture of 2-ethylhexanol will be given preference for economic reasons.