| GHS-Einstufung | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 6.7% (3 of 45) of reports.DangerH301 (93.3%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P233, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 45 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 3 (93.3%) |
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| Wechselwirkungen | INHIBITORY EFFECT OF METHAMIDE (POTENT H2 ANTAGONIST) ON GASTRIC ACID SECRETION ELICITED BY CONTINUOUS HISTAMINE IV INFUSION IN MAX EFFECTIVE DOSE (20 UMOLE/HR) IN DOGS IS SHOWN TO BE APPROX 20%/10 UMOLE/KG AFTER 1.5 HR. COMPARABLE EFFECTS WERE OBSERVED IN NORMAL HUMANS IN SAME STUDY. /H2-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS, FROM TABLE/IN GUINEA PIGS, DEATH BY ASPHYXIA FOLLOWS QUITE SMALL DOSES OF HISTAMINE, YET ANIMAL MAY SURVIVE A HUNDRED LETHAL DOSES OF HISTAMINE IF GIVEN AN H1-BLOCKING DRUG. IN SAME SPECIES, H1 ANTAGONISTS OFFER STRIKING PROTECTION AGAINST ANAPHYLACTIC BRONCHOSPASM, BUT THIS IS NOT SO IN MAN... /H1-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS/ |
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| Natural Pollution Sources | OCCURS WIDELY IN NATURE AS A RESULT OF PUTREFACTIVE PROCESSES..../HISTAMINE/ IS A NATURAL CONSTITUENT OF BODY. ... LIBERATED FROM CELLS OF SKIN BY INJURIOUS STIMULI.../&/ INVOLVED IN MANY... DIVERSE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES...HISTAMINE RECEPTORS...FALL INTO 2 BROAD CLASSES: H1 & H2...HISTAMINE IS WIDELY, IF UNEVENLY, DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT ANIMAL KINGDOM & IS PRESENT IN MANY VENOMS, NOXIOUS SECRETIONS, BACTERIA & PLANTS. |
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| Human Toxicity Excerpts | OVERDOSAGE WITH HISTAMINE IS RARE, & SYMPTOMS ARE GENERALLY NOT DANGEROUS. HOWEVER, MASSIVE DOSES CAUSE INTENSE HEADACHE, FLUSHING, PROFOUND FALL OF BLOOD PRESSURE, BRONCHOSPASM, DYSPNEA, A METALLIC TASTE, VOMITING & DIARRHEA..../EYE EFFECT/ OF AN 8% SOLN OF HISTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE HAS BEEN DESCRIBED IN CASE OF GIRL WHO SPILLED SOME...ON HER HANDKERCHIEF & CONTAMINATED HER RIGHT EYE... IN 10 MIN CONJUNCTIVAE BECAME HYPEREMIC & LIDS EDEMATOUS, WITHOUT DISCOMFORT. REACTION HAD NEARLY DISAPPEARED IN 5 HR & COMPLETELY GONE NEXT DAY... /HCL SALT/IN SOME HUMAN GLAUCOMATOUS EYES, APPLICATION OF 3% HISTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE EYEDROPS HAS BEEN KNOWN TO CAUSE RISE IN OCULAR PRESSURE, PARTICULAR IN CASES OF ACUTE GLAUCOMA. /HCL SALT/...INJECTED INTRADERMALLY...TRIPLE RESPONSE /FOLLOWS/...RED SPOT...BRIGHTER RED...FLARE...DEVELOPING...MORE SLOWLY, &...LOCALIZED EDEMA...DUE TO LOCAL DILATATION OF MINUTE BLOOD VESSELS /&/...DILATATION OF NEIGHBORING ARTERIOLES.../& EDEMA/ DUE TO DIRECT ACTION...ON WALLS OF...VESSELS TO INCR THEIR PERMEABILITY. |
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| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | IN MOST EXPTL SUSCEPTIBLE SPECIES (CALVES, SWINE, DUCKS, GUINEA PIGS, CATS, DOGS), IM INJECTIONS OF HISTAMINE IN BEESWAX AT RATE OF 1-4 MG/KG/DAY PRODUCES GASTRIC ULCERS WITHIN 1-6 WK.EXPT ON EXCISED BEEF CORNEAS HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT HISTAMINE AT CONCN AS LOW AS 0.000005 MOLAR HAS AN UNUSUAL CAPACITY FOR LOOSENING SUPERFICIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM BASAL CELLS OF CORNEA AFTER SEVERAL HR OF INCUBATION. |
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