HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
1-Propanthiol
Propanethiol · NPM · PROPYL MERCAPTAN · N-PROPYL MERCAPTAN · Propane-1-thiol · 3-mercaptopropanol · n-C3H7SH · FEMA 3521
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 107-03-9 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C3H8S |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 76,16 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 76,03467126 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCCS |
| InChIKey | SUVIGLJNEAMWEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 7848 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1236818 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:8473 |
| EC No. | 203-455-5 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID5026750 |
| Lokaler Name | 1-Propanthiol |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 1,8 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 1 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 1 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 1 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 1 |
| Schwere Atome | 4 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 7,2 |
| Stoffklassen | Other Classes -> ThiolsFlammable agents - 3rd degree |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Schoenflies notation |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | log Kow = 1.811.7 (estimated) |
| Geruch | OffensiveCharacteristic odor of cabbageThe headspace composition changed rapidly after the onion cutting-related cell disruption. Propanethial S-oxide (the lachrymatory factor) and breakdown products dominated 0-to-10 minutes after cutting an onion. Propanethiol, dipropyl disulfide, and trace amounts of thiosulfinates then appeared, and the concentrations reached a maximum 60 minutes after cutting. Propanethiol, present at the highest concentrations, has an odor activity value is 20 times higher than dipropyl disulfide, and is suggested to be the main source of the characteristic onion odor. |
| Geschmack | BELOW 2-3 PPM SWEET ONION & CABBAGE-LIKE FLAVOR |
| Lebensmittelzusatzstoffe | FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT -> FDA Substance added to food |
| Dichte | 0.841 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.843 g/cu cm at 20 °CRelative density (water = 1): 0.840.842-0.8470.8411 @ 20°C0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Aromastoffe | EU Flavoring substances |
| Color/Form | COLORLESS, MOBILE LIQUIDColorless liquid |
| Löslichkeit | Slight (NIOSH, 2024)Miscible in ethanol, ethervery soluble in acetoneSOL IN PROPYLENE GLYCOLSoluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzeneIn water, 1.90X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C1.9 mg/mL at 25 °C1.9g/limmiscible |
| Flammpunkt | 5 °F (USCG, 1999)-20 °C-5 °F-20.5 °C−5 °F |
| Siedepunkt | 153 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)67.8 °C67.00 to 68.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg68 °C67-68 °C67-68 °C(lit.) |
| Schmelzpunkt | -113 °C |
| Dampfdichte | 2.54 (vs air) |
| Dampfdruck | 122 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Brechungsindex | n20/D 1.437(lit.) |
| FEMA | 3521 | PROPANETHIOL |
| Lagerbedingungen | Store below +30°C. |
| Aggregatzustand | Liquid |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | pK1:10.86 (25°C) |
| Farbe | Colorless |
| Geruch | at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. cabbage natural gas sweet onion |
| Geruchsart | alliaceous |
| Biologische Quelle | synthetic |
| Geruchsschwelle | 0.000013ppm |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(liquid): 1.9 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| JECFA Number | 509 |
| BRN | 1696860 |
| Henry-Konstante | 1.7×10-3 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Plyasunova et al. (2004) |
| InChI | 1S/C3H8S/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3 |
| InChIKey | SUVIGLJNEAMWEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCCS |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 1.7 at 20℃ |
| CAS Datenbank | 107-03-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | 1-Propanethiol(107-03-9) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | 1-Propanethiol (107-03-9) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 1512 reports by companies from 16 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.WarningH317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin] |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: 1-PropanethiolRegulation (EC) No 1831/2003 (amended)1-Propanethiol is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Propanethiol are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 04-07-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/252321-Propanethiol: HSNO Approval: HSR001213 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Flammable Liquid |
| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic sulfur dioxide is generated. (USCG, 1999)· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.Highly flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive. |
| Brandpotenzial | Very dangerous fire hazard. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:Inhalation causes muscular weakness, convulsions, and respiratory paralysishigh concentrations may cause pulmonary irritation. Contact with liquid causes irritation of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. (USCG, 1999)· May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. |
| Gefahrenübersicht | A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritantOdor is obnoxious and can cause headache and nauseaInhalation of high concentrations can produce tachycardia, cyanosis, respiratory paralysis, and unconsciousness[HSDB] See THIOLS |
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 2402 130 |
| FDA-Anforderungen | Propyl mercaptan is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part. |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Sulfides, Organic |
| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 3UN Pack Group: II |
| Reactivity Alerts | Highly Flammable |
| Reactivity Profile | PROPANETHIOLS are flammable, moderately toxic liquid, stench. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur. Violent reaction and flash fire on contact with calcium hypochlorite [Stephenson, F. G., Chem. Eng. News, 1973, 51(26), p. 14].PROPYL MERCAPTAN emits toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur when heated to decomposition. Reacts violently on contact with calcium hypochlorite [Chem. Eng. News, 1973, 51(26), p. 14]. |
| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:Use powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest.Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention . |
| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| Erste Hilfe | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for 1-Propanethiol:General First Aid:(General first aid procedures) |
| Sichere Lagerung | Fireproof. Cool. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Separated from strong oxidants, strong bases and strong acids. |
| Firefighting Hazards | Flashback along vapor trail may occur. |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide. Water may be ineffective. |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]: |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.Ethyl mercaptan is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration (2,000 °F) followed by scrubbing with a caustic solution. /Ethyl mercaptan/Incineration ... : Incinerate scrap material under controlled conditions using afterburner and a scrubber to neutralize sulfur dioxide ... . /Ethyl mercaptan/ |
| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer. |
| Preventive Measures | Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.Open flames and other ignition sources should be excluded from areas where thiols, especially the more volatile ones, are used. Emergency procedures and routine work practices should emphasize proper handling, containment of spills... The primary purpose of control measures is to reduce the potential for inhalation or skin contact with thiols, with special emphasis on the eyes. Whenever feasible, control at the source of exposure should be implemented. This may involve enclosure of the operation and/or the use of local exhaust ventilation. /Thiols/Safety showers, eye wash fountains and fire extinguishers should be located in areas where appreciable amounts of thiols are used. Handwashing facilities, soap and water, should be made available to involved employees. /Thiols/Clothing which is contaminated with ethyl mercaptan should be removed immediately and placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of ethylmercaptan from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or cleaned, the person performing the operation should be informed of ethyl mercaptan's hazardous properties. /Ethyl mercaptan/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for PROPYL MERCAPTAN (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Wechselwirkungen | Cysteine, 2-propanethiol, and 2-mercaptoethylamine were found to potentiate the action of bradykinin on the rat blood pressure. These same thiols were ineffective on the in vitro rat ileum, although on the guinea pig ileum only 2-propanethiol was observed to be ineffective. |
| Zielorgane | Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, blood, liver, kidneys |
| Ökotoxizitätswerte | LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) 60 ug/L/48 hrstatic /formulated product/ |
| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 230(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.81(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that propyl mercaptan is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of propyl mercaptan from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 4.08X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Propyl mercaptan is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 154 mm Hg(5). Slow bio-oxidation using a Warburg respirometer with Alcaligenes faecalis(6) suggests that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process.AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 230(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.81(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that propyl mercaptan is expected to adsorb moderately to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important environmental fate process(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.08X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2.6 hours and 3.5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 5(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The concentration of propyl mercaptan decreased over a distance of 0 to 54 meters using lysimeters to simulate dump leachate movement in groundwater indicating biotic degradation in soil(7)however, slow biooxidation using a Warburg test(8) suggests that biodegradation not an important environmental fate process(SRC).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), propyl mercaptan, which has an extrapolated vapor pressure of 154 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase propyl mercaptan is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 8 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.83X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Propyl mercaptan does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. |
| Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte | Propyl mercaptan was qualitatively detected in the volatile components of raw chicken breast muscle(1). It was also detected not quantified as a beef volatile component(2). |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Other Poison - Chemical Asphyxiant |
| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
| Plant Concentrations | Propyl mercaptan has been identified in the volatile products of freshly crushed onion and related plant bulbs(1). |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Drowsiness. Dizziness. Headache. Nausea.Redness.Redness. Pain.See Inhalation.irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, respiratory systemheadache, nausea, dizziness, cyanosisIn Animals: liver, kidney damage |
| Effluent Concentrations | Propyl mercaptan was qualitatively detected in exhaust gases collected from the sulfate and semi-alkaline pulping processes of a Finish pulp mill(1). The compound was identified as a component of landfill gas collected from domestic waste disposal sites in Augsbach and Munich, Germany but not sewage gas collected from treatment plants in Munich, Germany(2). |
| ICSC Environmental Data | Environmental effects from the substance have not been investigated adequately. |
| Medical Surveillance | Prior to placing a worker in a job with a potential for exposure to ethyl mercaptan, the physician should evaluate and document the worker's baseline health status with thorough medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination, and physiologic and laboratory tests appropriate for the anticipated occupational risk. These should concentrate on the function and integrity of the nervous and respiratory systems. Medical surveillance for respiratory disease should be conducted by using the principles and methods recommended by NIOSH and the American Thoracic Society (ATS). A preplacement medical evaluation is recommended in order to detect and assess preexisting or concurrent conditions which may be aggravated or result in increased risk when a worker is exposed to n-butyl mercaptan at or below the NIOSH REL. The examining physician should consider the probable frequency, intensity, and duration of exposure, as well as the nature and degree of the condition, in placing such a worker. Such conditions, which should not be regarded as absolute contraindications to job placement, include chronic diseases of the respiratory system. /Ethyl mercaptan/ |
| F | 13 |
| Arbeitsplatzgrenzwert (OEL) | Ceiling: 0.5 ppm (1.6 mg/m3) [15-minute] |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 2402 (PROPANETHIOLS) |
| Zollcode | 29309070 |
| RTECS-Nr. | TZ7300000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 11-22-37/38-41-50-36/37/38-21/22 |
| Toxizität | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1790 mg/kg |
| Gefahrensymbole | F,Xn,N |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 16-26-39-57-36/37/39-29 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 3Acute Tox. 4 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Flam. Liq. 2Skin Sens. 1B |
| Verpackungsgruppe | II |
| Lagerklasse | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 107-03-9(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
Propane thiol is an organic compound with the molecular formula C3H8S. It belongs to the group of thiols. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, offensive odor. It is moderately toxic and is less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. It is used as a chemical intermediate and a herbicide . It is highly flammable and it gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Heating it will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting.
Occurrence
Reported found in onion (Allium cepa L.), garlic, shallot, roasted onion, raw leek, heated leek, chive, cooked chicken, beef, beer, American potato chips and durian (Durio zibethinus).
Verwenden
1-Propanethiol, is used widely in research areas. This compound has a wide range of applications including cell biology, materials science, nanoscience, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), nanoelectronics, and contact printing. It is also used as a chemical intermediate.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
By reacting propyl alcohol and H2S under particular conditions; from propyl alcohol or propyl disulfide and naphthalene; from n-propyl chloride and potassium hydrosulfide; also from n-propanol plus bromine plus red phosphorus in the presence of sodium sulfate.