2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene

Other Classes -> Aliphatics, Unsaturated

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

log Kow= 4.55

4.55

5.44

0.7150 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.7

0.715 @ 20°C

Insoluble in water. Soluble in ethyl ether, benzene, carbon tetrachloride

Solubility in water: none

-5 °C

23 °F (-5 °C)

-5 °C

101.4 °C

101 °C

101.4 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-93.5 °C

-93 °C

-93.5 °C

3.8 (AIR= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.9

44.7 [mmHg]

44.7 mm Hg @ 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 38 °C: 10

44.7 [mm Hg] @25 °C

Danger

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Danger

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P301+P316, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P319, P331, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Chemical: 1-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-

1-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 19-12-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14774

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

FIRE HAZARD: DANGEROUS, WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME; CAN REACT VIGOROUSLY WITH OXIDIZING MATERIALS.

FLAMMABLE, DANGEROUS FIRE RISK.

Diisobutylene, isomeric compounds

UN2050

Class 3 Flammable and combustible liquid (49 eCFR § 173.120)

PG II: the degree of danger presented by the material is medium

2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.

3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.

0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Flam. Liq. 2 (100%)

Flam. Liq. 2 (82.8%)

Flammable liquid - category 2

Flammable liquid - category 2

Flammable liquids - Category 2

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 1

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 275(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.75 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). The potential for volatilization of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon a vapor pressure of 44.7 mm Hg(4). 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene is expected to biodegrade slowly in soil based upon no biodegradation in the Japanese MITI test(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 275(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.75 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.08 hr and 4.19 days, respectively(SRC). 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene is expected to biodegrade slowly in water based upon no biodegradation in the Japanese MITI test(7). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated log BCF of 2.80(SRC), from a log Kow of 4.55(7) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene, which has a vapor pressure of 44.7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in a vapor-phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 0.3 hr(SRC), calculated from its estimated rate constant of 53.19X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), determined using a structure estimation method(3). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pentene with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 hrs at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(3).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Oral (L400) ; inhalation (L400) ; dermal (L400)

Confusion. Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Lethargy. Headache. Sore throat.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Petroleum distillate poisoning may cause nausea, vomiting, cough, pulmonary irritation progressing to pulmonary edema, bloody sputum, and bronchial pneumonia. At high amounts, central nervous system depression may also occur, with symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, slow and shallow respiration, unconsciousness, and convulsions. Petroleum distillates are also irritating to the skin. (A594)

The emission rate of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene into the atmosphere was determined to be 4 metric tons/day in the California South Coast air basin(1). 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene has also been detected among organic gases in the emissions from diesel- and gasoline-fueled engines(2).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene can be estimated to be about 275(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

URBAN/SUBURBAN: An average concn of 0.93 ug/cu m of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene was measured in Southern California over September 8-9, 1993. During the same time period an average concentration of 0.15 ug/cu m of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene was measured in San Nicholas, an island located approximately 100 km south and west of Los Angeles(1).

/CNS DEPRESSANT/ ... IN HIGH CONCN. /DIISOBUTYLENE/

LOW GENERAL TOXICITY; MAY ACT AS SIMPLE ASPHYXIANT IN HIGH VAPOR CONCN.

Used in organic synthesis and in antioxidants, surfactants, lube additives, plasticizers, and rubber chemicals; Also used as a dispersant (co-monomer with maleic anhydride); [HSDB] Used in organic synthesis and to improve paper coatability; [AIHA]

Pulp and Paper Processing [Category: Industry]

CHEM INT FOR OCTYLPHENOL, OCTYLDIPHENYLAMINE USED AS RUBBER CHEM, TERT-OCTYLAMINE, & ISONONYL ALCOHOL; COMONOMER WITH MALEIC ANHYDRIDE USED AS DISPERSANT

Organic synthesis; motor fuel synthesis, particularly isooctane; peroxide reactions

Alkylation; intermediates; antioxidants, surfactants; lube additives; plasticizers; rubber chemicals. /Diisobutylene- including 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene isomer/

2,4,4,-Trimethyl-1-pentene is a component of gasoline.

2023: 500,000,000 - <1,000,000,000 lb

(1974) 2.7X10+10 GRAMS

(1975) GREATER THAN 1.36X10+6 GRAMS

HEATING THE SULFURIC ACID EXTRACT OF AN ISOBUTYLENE-BUTENE STREAM FROM CATALYTIC CRACKING OF PETROLEUM

Polymerization of isobutene.

GRADES OF PURITY: RESEARCH GRADE: 99.86%; PURE GRADE: 99.39%; TECHNICAL GRADE: 98.7%.

Grade: 95%, 99%; research

Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable

1-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-: ACTIVE

A group of isomers of the formula C8-H16, of which 2,4,4-trimethylpentene-1 & 2,4,4-trimethylpentene-2 are the most important since they are formed in appreciable amt when isobutene (isobutylene) is polymerized. /Diisobutylene/