| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]H304 (66.5%): May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]H315 (68.4%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]H319 (68.4%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]H335 (68.4%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposureRespiratory tract irritation]H336 (48.4%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposureNarcotic effects]H411 (50.7%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P331, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 215 reports by companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: 2-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
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| Brandgefahren | Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive. |
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| Brandpotenzial | FLAMMABLE, DANGEROUS FIRE RISK. |
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| Gefahrenübersicht | A skin irritantMay cause CNS effects[ICSC] An irritant[MSDSonline] |
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| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 3UN Pack Group: II |
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| Chemical Dangers | Reacts with oxidants. |
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| Physical Dangers | The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the grounddistant ignition possible. |
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| NFPA Hazard Classification | 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Flam. Liq. 2 (100%)Asp. Tox. 1 (66.5%)Skin Irrit. 2 (68.4%)Eye Irrit. 2 (68.4%)STOT SE 3 (68.4%)STOT SE 3 (48.4%)Aquatic Chronic 2 (50.7%)Flammable liquids - Category 2Self-reactive substances and mixtures - Type G |
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| Shipment Methods and Regulations | No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. |
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| Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations | IRRITANT & /CNS DEPRESSANT/ IN HIGH CONCN. |
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| Critical Temperature and Pressure | Critical temperature: 555 Kcritical pressure: 2.68X10+6 Pa |
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| Brandbekämpfung | Use powder, AFFF, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
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| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. |
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| Sichere Lagerung | Fireproof. Separated from oxidants. Cool. |
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| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | WATER MAY BE INEFFECTIVE. |
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| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. |
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| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
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| Preventive Measures | SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place. |
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| Eye Prevention | Wear safety spectacles. |
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| Fire Prevention | NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. Use non-sparking handtools. |
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| Inhalation Risk | No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C. |
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| Skin Prevention | Protective gloves. |
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| Exposure Prevention | PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS! |
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| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 276(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.881 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). The potential for volatilization of 2,2,4-trimethyel-2-pentene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 35.9 mm Hg(4). On exposure of 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene to activated sludge in the Warburg respirometer test using oxygen uptake as a measure of oxidation, a theoretical oxygen demand for 6,12, and 24 hour exposures was 0.4%, 0.3%, and 0.7%, respectively suggesting that biodegradation in soil and water is expected to be slow(5).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 276(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene is expected to slightly adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to occur rapidly(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.881 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.1 and 101 hrs, respectively(SRC), using an estimation method(3). On exposure of 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene to activated sludge in the Warburg respirometer test using oxygen uptake as a measure of oxidation, a theoretical oxygen demand for 6,12, and 24 hour exposures was 0.4%, 0.3%, and 0.7%, respectively suggesting that biodegradation in soil and water is expected to be slow(5). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 240(3,SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 4.0(6,SRC), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high.ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2,2,4-triemthyl-2-pentene, which has a vapor pressure of 35.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2,2,4-triemthyl-2-pentene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.4 hrs(SRC), calculated from its estimated rate constant of 8.77X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC)determined using a structure estimation method(3). The second-order rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene with photochemically-produced ozone is 1.39X10-16 cu cm/molecule sec at 296.6 Kthe half-life for this reaction is 2 hours(4). Reaction of vapor-phase 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene with nitrate radical may be an important night-time loss process based on its molecular structure(5). |
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| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome |
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| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion. |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Drowsiness. Headache. Nausea.Redness.Abdominal pain. Vomiting. |
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| Effluent Concentrations | 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene is reported to be 0.011% by composition of industrial average gasoline(1). In a study of alternative fuels, 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene was detected at 88 ppm in undiluted exhaust samples from the use of 100% diisobutylene fuel(2). In a mixture of 19.7% diisobutylene and 80.3% gasoline fuel, 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene was detected at 20 ppm in undiluted exhaust samples(2). |
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| Soil Adsorption/Mobility | Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene can be estimated to be about 276(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. |
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| Atmospheric Concentrations | URBAN/SUBURBAN: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene has been reported as emanating from motor vehicles in either exhaust, blowby or fuel evaporation, concentration not specified(1). |
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| Human Toxicity Excerpts | IRRITANT & /CNS DEPRESSANT/ IN HIGH CONCN. |
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| Artificial Pollution Sources | 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene's production and use in diisobutylene(1) and in gasoline products(2,3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). |
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| Environmental Biodegradation | AEROBIC: On exposure of 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene to activated sludge in the Warburg respirometer test using oxygen uptake as a measure of oxidation, a theoretical oxygen demand for 6,12, and 24 hour exposures was 0.4%, 0.3%, and 0.7%, respectively suggesting that biodegradation in soil and water is expected to be slow(1). |
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| Environmental Bioconcentration | An estimated BCF of 240 was calculated for 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 4.0(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. |
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| Volatilization from Water/Soil | The Henry's Law constant for 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene is estimated as 0.881 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3.1 hrs(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 101 hrs(SRC). 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-pentene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 35.9 mm Hg(3). |
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| Alarmwort | Achtung |
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| Gefahrenhinweise | Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code H225 |
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