1-Undecanol

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

AEROBIC: Using acclimated mixed microbial cultures, the theoretical and 5-day BOD for 1-undecanol were determined to be 16.50% and 4.5 mmol/mmol chemical, respectively(1). After 5 days at 21 °C in sewage, the theoretical BOD for 1-undecanol was 27.6%(2). 1-Undecanol had a zero order biodegradation rate of 0.125 ppm/hour and a first order biodegradation rate constant of 6.1X10-3/hour by activated sludge(3). Using this biodegradation rate constant a half-life of 4.7 days can be calculated(SRC).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

ALCOHOL-INDUCED NUTRITIONAL ENCEPHALOMALACIA IN STARTING CHICKS COULD BE COMPLETELY PREVENTED BY DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF D,L-ALPHA-TOCOPHERYL ACETATE.

WITH USE OF SURFACTANTS EG TWEEN 80, ALCOHOL EMULSIONS WERE PHYTOTOXIC ONLY TO YOUNG MERISTEMATIC TISSUE. WITHOUT THE SURFACANT, C11 ALCOHOLS & ESTERS SHOWED NONSELECTIVE TISSUE KILL.

LC50 Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow, weight 0.12 g) 1.04 mg/L/96 hr; flow-through bioassay, water hardness 45.5 mg/L CaCO3, temp: 25 +/- 1 °C, pH 7.5, dissolved oxygen >60% of saturation

LC50 Nitocra spinipes (Harpacticoid copepod) 1.4 mg/L/96 hr (95% confidence limit: 1.1-1.8 mg/L); static /formulated product/

LC50 Alburnus alburnus (Bleak) 4.6 mg/L/96 hr (95% confidence limit: 4.2-5.1 mg/L); static /formulated product/

EC50 Tetrahymena pyriformis (Ciliate; decreased population growth) 2.3 mg/L/48 hr (95% confidence limit: 1.88-2.75 mg/L); static /formulated product/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8,800(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 4.72(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-undecanol is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-undecanol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). 1-Undecanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2.97X10-3 mm Hg(5). The theoretical BOD for 1-undecanol was 27.6% after 5-day incubation in sewage(6), indicating that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8,800(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 4.72(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-undecanol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 20 hours and 10 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 9 months if adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 86(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC). The theoretical BOD for 1-undecanol was 27.6% after 5-day incubation in sewage(8), indicating that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-undecanol, which has a vapor pressure of 2.97X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-undecanol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Cough.

Dry skin. Redness. Roughness. Pain.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.

Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea.

The Koc of 1-undecanol is estimated as 8,800(SRC), using a log Kow of 4.72(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-undecanol is expected to be immobile in soil.

Undecyl alcohol is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part.

Residues of nonyl, decyl, and undecyl glycoside mixture with a mixture of nonyl, decyl, and undecyl oligosaccharides and related reaction products (primarily decanol and undecanol) produced as an aqueous-based liquid (50 to 65% solids) from the reaction of primary alcohols (containing 15 to 20% secondary alcohol isomers) in a ratio of 20% C9, 40% C10, and 40% C11 with carbohydrates (average glucose to alkyl chain ratio 1.3 to 1.8) are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a surfactant in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest.

Residues of nonyl, decyl, and undecyl glycoside mixture with a mixture of nonyl, decyl, and undecyl oligosaccharides and related reaction products (primarily decanol and undecanol) produced as an aqueous-based liquid (50 to 65% solids) from the reaction of primary alcohols (containing 15 to 20% secondary alcohol isomers) in a ratio of 20% C9, 40% C10, and 40% C11 with carbohydrates (average glucose to alkyl chain ratio 1.3 to 1.8) are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a surfactant in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to animals.