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Lithiumbromid
LiBr · LITHIUM HALIDE · lithium bromide solution · Anhydrous lithiuM broMide · Lithium bromide anhydrous · ithium bromide · Lithiumbromide,dihydrate · LITHIUM BROMIDE ANYDROUS
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 7550-35-8 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | BrLi |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 86,9 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 85,93434165 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Br-].[Li+] |
| InChIKey | AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| PubChem CID | 82050 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:63042 |
| EC No. | 231-439-8 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID20892222 |
| Lokaler Name | Lithiumbromid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 0 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 1 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 2 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 2 |
| Stoffklassen | Metals -> Metals, Inorganic Compounds |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | dielectric constant |
| Dichte | 3.464 @25 °C1.57 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Schmelzpunkt | 550 °C550 °C (lit.) |
| Physical Description | Dry PowderWet SolidHighly deliquescent white solid[Merck Index] White powder, crystals, or beadsHygroscopic[Alfa Aesar MSDS] |
| Siedepunkt | 1265 °C |
| Dampfdruck | 1 hPa ( 748 °C) |
| Flammpunkt | 1265°C |
| Lagerbedingungen | Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
| Löslichkeit | Methanol (Very Slightly, Heated), Water (Slightly)61 g/100 mL (25 º C) |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | 2.64[at 20 ℃] |
| Aggregatzustand | powder |
| Wichte | 3.464 |
| Farbe | White |
| pH | 7 (20°C, 10g/L) |
| Geruch | odorless |
| Merck | 14,5526 |
| Stabilität | Stable. Anhydrous form is extremely hygroscopic. |
| InChI | 1S/BrH.Li/h1H/q+1/p-1 |
| InChIKey | AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| SMILES | [Li+].[Br-] |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | -0.37 at 25℃ |
| CAS Datenbank | 7550-35-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Lithium bromide(7550-35-8) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Lithium bromide (7550-35-8) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | WarningH302 (98.2%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 279 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.DangerH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Lithium bromide (LiBr)Lithium bromide (LiBr) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium bromide (LiBr) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 13-03-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13642Lithium bromide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Lithium bromide (LiBr): Human health tier I assessment |
| Gefahrenübersicht | Causes flaccid paralysis with appropriate anesthesia, tetany, and arrhythmias in oral lethal-dose studies of mice[RTECS] High doses may cause CNS depression and disturbed blood electrolyte balanceChronic exposure may cause skin eruptions and adverse CNS effects[Merck Index] A skin and strong eye irritantHarmful by ingestion[Alfa Aesar MSDS] See Lithium and Bromine. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (98.2%)Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4Skin sensitization - Category 1B |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | 0.2 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction, as Li[German Research Foundation (DFG)] |
| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 1.5 [mg/m3]17 [mg/m3]100 [mg/m3] |
| Treatment | EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration. |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627) |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin |
| Expositionspfade | Oral (L626)inhalation (L626)dermal (L626) |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543) |
| Signs and Symptoms | Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (L626, L627) |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| Toxicity Data | LD50: 1800 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L661) LD50: 1680 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (L660) |
| F | 3 |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| Zollcode | 28275900 |
| RTECS-Nr. | OJ5755000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 32-40-43-36/37 -36/37/38 -36/38 |
| Gefahrensymbole | Xi |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 22-26-60-24/25-36/37-36/37/39 |
| Lagerklasse | 13 - Non Combustible Solids |
| Gefahrenklasse | Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Irrit. 2Skin Irrit. 2Skin Sens. 1 |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
As humectant, in air-conditioning systems. An aqueous solution of lithium bromide containing about 50 % lithium bromide is used as an absorbent in large-scale absorption air conditioning equipment. Lithium bromide is also used in limited amounts by the pharmaceutical industry for dehydrobromination of organic compounds to form olefins.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Lithium bromide may be prepared by the reaction of lithium hydroxide monohydrate or lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. The resultant solution of lithium bromide may be evaporated and cooled to crystallize a hydrate of lithium bromide, the composition of which depends on the final temperature. The lithium bromide hydrate may be filtered from the mixture and carefully dried by the application of heat in a vacuum desiccator to avoid melting the hydrate.