Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate

BeschreibungAlthough it was initially developed as a cognition enhancer, cevimeline was launched in the US for the treatment of dry mouth symptoms (xerostomia) in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome. Cevimeline is a racemic mixture of cis-oxathiolanes that can be obtained with a three step synthesis starting from quinuclidin-3-one followed by separation from its 9-12- fold less potent trans-diastereomer, This conformationally rigid analog of acetylcholine is a dual muscarinic M1/M3 agonist, selective versus M2, M4 and M5 receptors. It is the fifth M, agonist that has failed in clinical trials against Alzheimer’s disease. On the contrary, the sialagogic effects of cevimeline caused by its stimulation of M3 receptors in salivary and lacrimal glands were demonstrated in randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials (30 mg t.i.d. oral dose). Cevimeline (l-3 mg/kg i.v.) was as potent in dogs as pilocarpine (0.1-0.3 mg/kg i.v.), the only prior drug efficacious against xerostomia associated with Sjogren’s syndrome, but the effects of cevimeline lasted around 2-fold longer. No cardiovascular side effects were reported with cevimeline, unlike pilocarpine which has a 40-fold higher affinrty for the M2 receptor. Cevimeline seems to bind extensively to tissues (volume of distribution 6 L/kg in man) since it was found to be less than 20% bound to human plasma proteins. It is metabolized into the cis and transsulfoxide, a glucuronide conjugate and the N-oxide.

VerwendenTreatment of cancer.