| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P354+P338, P317, P321, P330, P332+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H302 (98%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | T - indicates a substance that is the subject of a final TSCA section 4 test rule.2002/2076Dichlorprop: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
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| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Propanoic acid, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-: Environment tier I assessment |
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| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Class 9 |
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| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:Combustible. Liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
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| Gesundheitsgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: |
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| Gefahrenübersicht | Decomposed by heat or fire forming toxic and corrosive gases such as phosgene and hydrogen chlorideCan be absorbed through skinNo listed effects of short-term or long-term exposureMay contain carcinogenic impurities[ICSC] Dichlorprop (racemic mixture) has been replaced commercially by Dichlorprop-p or 2,4-DP-p which contains only the herbicidally active R-isomer (15165-67-0)[HSDB] A skin irritantMay cause serious eye injury[eChemPortal: ESIS] Chlorophenoxy herbicides are possible human carcinogens[IARC] Not carcinogenic in rats at up to dietary levels that induce overt toxicityNot teratogenic at the non-maternotoxic doses testedNo reproductive toxicity identified[ToxPlanet:CPS&Q: IUCLID] See Dichlorprop-P. |
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| Reaktive Gruppe | Acids, Carboxylic |
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| EG-Einstufung | Symbol: XnR: 21/22-38-41S: (2)-26-36/37 |
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| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 9UN Pack Group: III |
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| Special Reports | USEPA/Office of Pesticide ProgramsReregistration Eligibility Decision Document - Dichlorprop-p (2,4-DP-p) EPA 738-R-07-008 (August 29, 2007)[Available from, as of February 15, 2008: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]Health Effects Division Chapter of the Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document (RED). PC Code: 031402, 031403, 031465 (August 13, 2007). Available from the Database Query page at http://www.regulations.gov as of February 15, 2008.European Chemicals BureauIUCLID Dataset, Dichlorprop (CAS # 120-36-5) (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from the Database Query page at: http://ecb.jrc.it/esis/esis.php as of February 18, 2008.California Environmental Protection Agency/Department of Pesticide RegulationToxicology Data Review Summaries. Available from: http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/toxsums/toxsumlist.htm on DICHLORPROP-P (2002) as of February 18, 2008. |
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| FIFRA-Anforderungen | Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether or not products containing the active ingredient are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required the submission of the generic (i.e., active ingredient-specific) data required to support reregistration of products containing 2,4-DP-p as an active ingredient. The Agency has completed its review of these generic data, and has determined that the data are sufficient to support reregistration of all products containing 2,4-DP-p. The Agency has determined that 2,4-DP-p-containing products are eligible for reregistration provided that the risk mitigation measures outlined in section C of this document are adopted and label amendments are made to implement these mitigation measures, as outlined in Chapter V.As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. 2-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid is found on List A, which contains most food use pesticides and consists of the 194 chemical cases (or 350 individual active ingredients) for which EPA issued registration standards prior to FIFRA, as amended in 1988. Case No: 0294Pesticide type: herbicideRegistration Standard Date: 09/01/88Case Status: In Pre-Special Review. The pesticide is in or has completed the reregistration process and, meanwhile, is also the subject of an in-depth Special Review.Active ingredient (AI): 2-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)propionic acidData Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 03/03/95AI Status: Registrants of the pesticide have not made or honored a commitment to seek reregistration, conduct the necessary studies, or pay the requisite fees, or they have asked EPA to cancel their product registrations. Unless some other interested party supports them, products containing the pesticide will be cancelled. |
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| Reactivity Profile | 2,4-DP is an organic acid. Neutralizes bases in exothermic reactions. |
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| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. |
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| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention if skin irritation occurs.Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention. |
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| Erste Hilfe | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: |
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| Sichere Lagerung | Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Separated from food and feedstuffs. |
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| Lagerbedingungen | If stored below freezing, /it/ may be necessary to warm to 40 °F and agitate before using. |
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| Reinigungsverfahren | Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of the EPA. /Dichlorprop-p/ |
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| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: |
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| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. |
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| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
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| Preventive Measures | SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.For several good reasons, .... herbicides ... should be handled and applied only with full attention to safety measures that minimize personal contact. Many formulations contain adjuvants (stabilizers, penetrants, surfactants) that may have significant irritating and toxic effects. A number of premixed formulations contain two or more active ingredientsthe companion pesticides may be more toxic than the principal herbicide. Good hygienic practice should not be disregarded just because a pesticide is reported to have a high LD50 in laboratory rodents.Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. Users should remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing. /Dichlorprop-p/Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted entry interval (REI) of 48 hours. ... Do not enter or allow entry until sprays have dried. /Dichlorprop-p/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for DICHLOROPROP (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: |
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| Eye Prevention | Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder. |
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| Körperbelastung | Average concentrations of 1.27 and 3.67 were detected in the urine of workers of a roadside sprayer and a right-of-way sprayer, respectively, exposed to dichlorprop during spray operations in 1980 along an electric power transmission line right-of-way(1). Median urine concentrations of dichlorprop were 0.23 and 0.74 ug/mL in 16 farmers and 6 spraymen exposed to dichlorprop(2). |
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| Treatment | Treatment may include washing any areas of contact, GI decontamination if swallowed, administering an IV and forced alkaline diuresis. (L346) |
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| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | It is considered to be a severe eye irritant. There has been concern that chlorophenoxy herbicides including dichlorprop may cause cancer, and in 1987 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) ranked this class of compounds as group 2B "possibly carcinogenic to humans". The EPA classifies the R-isomer as “Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans.”(L369) Exposure to large amounts of CDDs causes chloracne, a severe skin disease with acne-like lesions that occur mainly on the face and upper body. CDDs may also cause liver damage and induce long-term alterations in glucose metabolism and subtle changes in hormonal levels. In addition, studies have shown that CDDs may disrupt the endocrine system and weaken the immune system, as well as cause reproductive damage and birth defects, central and peripheral nervous system pathology, thyroid disorders, endometriosis, and diabetes. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is also a known human carcinogen. (L177, L178) |
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| Ökotoxizitätswerte | LC50 /Lepomis macrochirus/ (Bluegill sunfish) 165 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/ /Dichlorprop dimethylammonium salt/LC50 /Lepomis macrochirus/ (Bluegill sunfish) 16 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/ /Dichlorprop isooctyl ester/LC50 Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite, age 14 days) diet 9907 ppm (6938-52102 ppm) for 8 daysLC50 Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck, age 14 days) diet >10000 ppm for 8 daysFor more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for DICHLOROPROP (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 34-129(2), indicate that dichlorprop is expected to have very high to high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of dichlorprop is 3.1(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of dichlorprop from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process because anions do not volatilize(SRC). Dichlorprop is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 7.5X10-8 mm Hg(5). Half-lives for the photodegradation of dichlorprop on dry soil ranged from 10 to 19 days(6), increasing to 22 to 59 days for these soils amended with 10% peat(9). Biodegradation half-lives in soil range from 4 days(7) to 124 days(8) and dichlorprop was shown to degrade rapidly after a lag periodthe lag period decreased with repeated application and the degradation rate increased with increased pH(9).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 34-129(2) indicate that dichlorprop is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 3.1(3) indicates dichlorprop will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from a log Kow of 3.43(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Aqueous photodegradation rates of dichlorprop in water from the Danube River, Lake Constance, Kleine Kinzig reservoir, and the Rhine River were 3.02X10-6/sec, 1.54X10-6/sec, 2.81X10-6/sec, and 2.38X10-6/sec, respectively(13), corresponding to half-lives of approximately 3 days, 5 days, and 7 hours, respectively(SRC). Photodegradation products are 6% 2-chlorophenol, 19% 2,4-dichlorophenol, 6% 4-chlorophenol, 6% 2,4-dichlorophenyl acetate, 6% lactone of 2(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid and 13% 2-(2-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid(12). Several aquatic aerobic studies have reported degradation of dichlorprop in 5 months or less(9-11), indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dichlorprop, which has a vapor pressure of 7.5X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dichlorprop is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 34 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase dichlorprop may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Dichlorprop contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4). |
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| Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte | Dichlorprop was not identified at a concentration above 0.01 mg/kg between 1980 and 1984 in 179 fruit composites Ontario, Canada(1). Dichlorprop was not found at a concentration above 0.01 mg/kg in 354 vegetable composites from Ontario, Canada between 1980 and 1985(2). |
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| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
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| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion. |
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| Toxizitätsübersicht | CDDs cause their toxic effects by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and subsequently altering the trascription of certain genes. The affinity for the Ah receptor depends on the structure of the specific CDD. The change in gene expression may result from the direct interaction of the Ah receptor and its heterodimer-forming partner, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, with gene regulatory elements or the initiation of a phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cascade that subsequently activates other transcription factors. The affected genes include several oncogenes, growth factors, receptors, hormones, and drug-metabolizing enzymes. The change in transcription/translation of these genes is believed to be the cause of most of the toxic effects of CDDs. This includes 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin's carcinogenicity is thought to be the result of its ability to alter the capacity of both exogenous and endogenous substances to damage the DNA by inducing CYP1A1- and CYP1A2-dependent drug-metabolizing enzymes. (L177) |
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| Ökotoxizitätsauszüge | /BIRDS AND MAMMALS/ Terrestrial animals (birds, mammals, reptiles, and terrestrial-phase amphibians) that are nesting in or near the treated field may be exposed to 2,4-DP-p due to direct deposition from labeled use of the pesticide, runoff, and from spray drift onto areas adjacent to treated sites. The greatest 2,4-DP-p residues and exposure levels are likely to occur in the surface soil and on foliage (e.g., short and tall grasses, broadleaf plants), seeds, and insects on treated areas immediately following ground spraying and/or granular treatments. In addition to exposure through spray residues on and adjacent to the application area, direct terrestrial exposure is also expected through granular applications, as animals may ingest the granules. Bioaccumulation of 2,4-DP-p in the food chain is not expected to be a significant exposure source to non-target terrestrial organisms. Residues of 2,4-DP-p from single and multiple applications are expected to occur on avian and mammalian food items. For birds, the acute risk Level of Concern (LOC) is 0.5. Based on estimated avian dose-based acute Risk Quotients (RQs) for spray applications to both turf and for brush control applications, the LOC for non-endangered birds is exceeded for some scenarios. The acute endangered RQ exceeded the LOC of 0.1 for acute risk to birds. Because the subacute dietary LC50 was non-definitive (greater than the highest test concentration 4,625 mg ae/kg), dietary based acute RQs would not exceed the LOC and, thus, were not calculated in the assessment. The dietary-based chronic RQs for birds exceed the /EPA's/ LOC of 1 for most food items, which applies to both non-endangered and endangered species. ... EPA assesses acute and chronic risk to mammals based on an acute LOC of 0.5, acute endangered LOC of 0.1, and a chronic LOC of 1.0. Mammalian acute and chronic RQs exceeded the LOCs for some food items based on both spray and granular applications at the maximum application rate of 6.0 lbs ae 2,4-DP-p/A./Dichlorprop-p//PLANTS/ Risk Quotients (RQs) are developed for terrestrial (dryland) plants are based on 2,4-DP-p runoff and drift from one treated hectare moving to adjacent areas, whereas semi-aquatic areas (wetlands) are based on movement from a ten-hectare site. As expected with an herbicide, the acute Levels of Concern (LOCs) (LOC of 1 for plants) were exceeded for endangered and non-endangered terrestrial and semiaquatic plants located adjacent to treated areas, both as a result of combined runoff and spray drift, and from spray drift alone for 2,4-DP-p./Dichlorprop-p//OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ Not toxic to bees. |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat.Redness.Redness. Pain. Severe burns.Sore throat. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea.In addition to chloracne, CDD exposure causes skin rashes, discoloration, and excessive body hair. (L177) |
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| Effluent Concentrations | Dichlorprop was detected in landfill leachate from a site in New Jersey at respective average concns of 5 and 1 ug/L in 1989 and 1990(1). Dichlorprop was detected in 1990 in landfill leachate from a site in Oregon at an average concn of 2 ug/L(1). Dichlorprop was also found at concn of 2 ug/L in 1989 and 3 ug/L in 1990 in landfill leachate from a site in Wisconsin(1). Dichlorprop was found in runoff water 15 minutes after runoff started at about 0.30 ug/L(2). Dichlorprop was applied to field of winter barley in Scheyern, Bavaria and a runoff concn of 7.8% of the 1.2 kg/ha application was found one day after application(3). Dichlorprop was applied to field of summer barley in Freising, Bavaria and a runoff concn of 1.4% of the 1.2 kg/ha application was found one day after application(3). Dichlorprop was found at a maximum concn of 20 ug/L May to Sept 1990 in an agricultural catchment basin in Vemmenhog, Sweden(4). In a review of accidents and incidents 0.5 ton of dichlorprop was released to a river, river location and date were not given(5). Dichlorprop was found in landfill leachate at concns of 0.01-750 and 0.031-9.8 ug/L in 20 of 34 samples from Bornholm and 17 of 30 samples from Sjoelund, Denmark, respectively(6). Dichlorprop was present in runoff water at 0.02% of applied concn after 30 mm of rainfall(7). Dichlorprop was found in agrochemical sewage in the UK at 18 ug/L and in secondary effluent at 0.1 ug/L(8). |
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| Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | (FL) FLORIDA 35 ug/l |
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| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 2 |
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| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
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| UN-Transportnummer | UN 3077 9 / PGIII |
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| Zollcode | 29189990 |
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| RTECS-Nr. | UF1050000 |
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| R-Sätze (R) | 21/22-38-41-36/37/38-20/21/22 |
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| Toxizität | LD50 oral in rat: 344mg/kg |
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| Gefahrensymbole | Xn,Xi |
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| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 26-36/37-37/39 |
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| Gefahrenklasse | IRRITANTAcute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1Skin Irrit. 2 |
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| Verpackungsgruppe | III |
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| Lagerklasse | 11 - Combustible Solids |
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| Gefahrstoffdaten | 120-36-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
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