| GHS-Einstufung | WarningH302 (99.1%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 221 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.DangerH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | Diphenhydramine hydrochloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
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| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Ethanamine, 2-(diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethyl-, hydrochloride: Environment tier I assessment |
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| Brandgefahren | Flash point data for this chemical are not availablehowever, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992) |
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| Gesundheitsgefahren | SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include photosensitivity, hypotension, headache, hemolytic anemia, dizziness, disturbed coordination, nervousness, tremor, insomnia, blurred vision, tinnitus, epigastric distress, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and tightness of the chest. Other symptoms may include anaphylactic shock, fatigue, confusion, restlessness, euphoria, diplopia, urinary frequency, drowsiness, urticaria, drug rash, excessive perspiration, chills, dryness of the mouth, nose and throat, palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystoles, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, sedation, excitation, irritability, paresthesia, acute labyrinthitis, neuritis convulsions, anorexia, difficult urination, urinary retention, early menses, thickening of bronchial secretions, wheezing and nasal stuffiness. Other symptoms may include inability to concentrate, muscular weakness, nightmares, difficulty in micturition, elation, depression, hyperpyrexia, muscle twitching lassitude, tingling, heaviness, and weakness of hands. Overdosage reactions may include atropine-like symptoms, dry mouth, fixed and dilated pupils, flushing, gastrointestinal symptoms, central nervous system depression to stimulation, hallucinations, convulsions and death. |
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| Reaktive Gruppe | Ethers |
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| Reactivity Profile | DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE gives acidic solutions in water. Neutralizes bases. May react with strong oxidizing and strong reducing agents. May catalyze organic reactions. Slowly darkens on exposure to light. |
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| Air and Water Reactions | Water soluble. Aqueous solutions are acidic. |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (99.1%)Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4 |
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| Brandbekämpfung | Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992) |
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| Erste Hilfe | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. |
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| Freisetung ohne Brand | SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. |
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| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992) |
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| Treatment | There is no specific antidote for diphenhydramine toxicity, but the anticholinergic syndrome has been treated with physostigmine for severe delirium or tachycardia. Benzodiazepines may be administered to decrease the likelihood of psychosis, agitation, and seizures in patients who are prone to these symptoms. |
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| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | They cause slurred speech, disorientation and "drunken" behavior. They are physically and psychologically addictive. |
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| Expositionspfade | Oraltopicalparenteral(intramuscular or intravenous injection). Quickly absorbed with maximum activity occurring in approximately one hour. |
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| Toxizitätsübersicht | Diphenhydramine competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding. |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Considerable overdosage can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack), serious ventricular dysrhythmias, coma and death. |
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| Carcinogen Classification | Diphenhydramine HydrochlorideTR-355: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (CASRN 147-24-0) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies) (1989 )10/03/88Equivocal EvidenceNo Evidence |
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| Drug Induced Liver Injury | Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)Diphenhydramine hydrochloridevNo-DILI-concernNo matchDOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015 |
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| Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation | ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation |
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| Toxicity Data | LD50: 500 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (A308) |
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| USGS Health-Based Screening Levels for Evaluating Water-Quality | DiphenhydraminePharmaceuticalSmith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP |
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