1,4-Diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octan

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

14 [mg/m3]

23 [mg/m3]

140 [mg/m3]

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3.4(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 450 g/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that triethylenediamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa1 and pKa2 of triethylenediamine are 3.0 and 8.7, respectively(2), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in cation form in the environment and cations generally have lower mobility in soils than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of triethylenediamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process, since this compound is expected to primarily exist in the cation form in the environment(SRC). Triethylenediamine is expected to volatilize slowly from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.742 mm Hg(5). A 0% theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using the Japanese MITI test(6) suggests that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).[(1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983) (2) O'Neil MJ, ed; The Merck Index. 13th ed, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., p. 1723 (2001) (3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-9 (1990) (4) Doucette WJ; pp. 141-188 in Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals. Boethling RS, Mackay D, eds. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publ (2000) (5) Yaws CL; Handbook of Vapor Pressure. Volume 2 - C5 to C7 Compounds. Gulf Publishing Co.: Houston, TX, p. 190 (1994) (6) NITE; Chemical Risk Information Platform (CHRIP). Biodegradation and Bioconcentration. Ver 2006.01.30 Updated. National Institute of Technology and Evaluation. Tokyo, Japan. Thiodiethylene glycolbicyclo

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3.4(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 450 g/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that triethylenediamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). The pKa1 and pKa2 of triethylenediamine are 3.0 and 8.7, respectively(2), which indicate triethylenediamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), a BCF values of <1.3 and <13(5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A 0% theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using the Japanese MITI test(6) suggests that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).[(1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983) (2) O'Neil MJ, ed; The Merck Index. 13th ed, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., p. 1723 (2001) (3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-9, 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (4) Franke C et al; Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994) (5) NITE; Chemical Risk Information Platform (CHRIP). Biodegradation and Bioconcentration. Ver 2006.01.30 Updated. National Institute of Technology and Evaluation. Tokyo, Japan. Thiodiethylene glycolbicyclo

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), triethylenediamine, which has a vapor pressure of 0.742 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase triethylenediamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 18 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Triethylenediamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

The Koc of triethylenediamine is estimated as 3.4(SRC), using a water solubility of 450 g/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that triethylenediamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa1 and pKa2 values of triethylenediamine are 3.0 and 8.7(1), respectively, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the cation form in the environment and cations generally have lower mobility in soils than their neutral counterparts(4).

AEROBIC: Triethylenediamine, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1).[(1) NITE; Chemical Risk Information Platform (CHRIP). Biodegradation and Bioconcentration. Ver 2006.01.30 Updated. National Institute of Technology and Evaluation. Tokyo, Japan. Thiodiethylene glycolbicyclo

BCF values of <1.3 and <13 were measured using carp (Cyprinus carpio) which were exposed over an 6-week period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).[(1) NITE; Chemical Risk Information Platform (CHRIP). Biodegradation and Bioconcentration. Ver 2006.01.30 Updated. National Institute of Technology and Evaluation. Tokyo, Japan. Thiodiethylene glycolbicyclo

Volatilization from water and moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur since triethylenediamine will exist primarily in the cation form in the environment(SRC), based on its pKa1 and pKa2 values of 3.0 and 8.7, respectively(1). Triethylenediamine is expected to volatilize slowly from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.742 mm Hg(2).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The acute toxicologic and pharmacologic effects of two foam catalyst amines have been determined. This work has been undertaken with the view of elucidating the possible ocular hazard which may exist after excessive inhalation of vapor in industry. By several routes of administration, tetramethylbutanediamine (TMBDA) appears to be more toxic and irritating than triethylenediamine (TED). Exposure to concentrated vapor of each amine has indicated that TMBDA will produce marked pupillary dilation and loss of accommodation after inhalation periods as short as 15 minutes, whereas a 5-hour vapor inhalation of TED is without such effects. The two amines possess marked physiological properties at intravenous doses considerably lower than those considered fatal by any route of administration. In pentobarbitalized dogs and cats, TMBDA has been shown to exhibit a selective blockade of autonomic ganglia without an accompanying effect on more peripheral sites. Ganglion blockade after TMBDA was somewhat shorter than that observed with clinically useful blocking agents. Attempts have been made to correlate these animal findings with human experiences resulting in ocular disturbances after exposure to TMBDA vapor. The pharmacologic properties of TED have been described. This agent produced in appropriate doses an initial transient depressor effect followed by a sharp and more prolonged pressor response in anesthetized animals. Depressor activity was selectively eliminated by atropine. Pressor activity was abolished by hexamethonium or tolazoline, and diminished by adrenalectomy. A partial depletion of catechol amines by reserpine caused an apparent exaggeration of pressor activity of TED. Enhancement of activity was also observed in dogs treated with dichloroisoproterenol. Adrenalectomy of dogs partially depleted of catechol amines by reserpine or a more prolonged reserpine-pretreatment stage abolished pressor response entirely while apparent

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ When tested on mice the vapor /SRP: aerosol/ appears to have had no effect on the pupils or accommodation.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of triethylenediamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported to be 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 18 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). Triethylenediamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Triethylenediamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(3).

Occupational exposure to triethylenediamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where triethylenediamine is produced or used(SRC). Triethylenediamine concentrations in air in a polyurethane factory ranged from 0.017 to 0.110 ppm(1).

Chemical: 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 07-03-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13591；Status: Active Update: 03-05-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/24495

1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard