| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P262, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H300+H310 (81.2%): Fatal if swallowed or in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermal]P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | Hazard Traits - Environmental toxRegulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (amended)Mevinphos is listed in the dataset of EPA Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides under the Safe Drinking Water Act (40 eCFR 141)2002/2076The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
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| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - 2-Butenoic acid, 3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-, methyl ester: Environment tier I assessment |
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| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Poison |
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| Brandgefahren | Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control may give off poisonous gases and also cause pollution. When heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides. Avoid strong oxidizers. Avoid temperatures above 77-86F, sources of heat, fire, free flames or spark-generating equipment. (EPA, 1998)Combustible. Liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
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| Gesundheitsgefahren | This material is super toxicthe probable oral lethal dose for humans is less than 5 mg/kg, or a taste (less than 7 drops) for a 150-lb. person. It has direct and immediate effects whether it is swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. (EPA, 1998) |
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| Gefahrenübersicht | It is applied 1-10 days before harvestit dissipates quickly. [HSDB] Skin sensitization occurs rarely. [Kanerva, p. 1817] The average of two baseline respective cholinesterase activity determinations three days apart, with no exposures to enzyme inhibiting pesticides for at least 30 days, is recommended for each worker prior to exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors because of large inter-individual differences in published baseline values. To be established at least once a year. Removal from workplace exposures is recommended until the cholinesterase activity returns to within 20% of baseline. [TLVs and BEIs] |
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| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 2783 152 |
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| Reaktive Gruppe | Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters |
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| EG-Einstufung | Symbol: T+, NR: 27/28-50/53S: (1/2)-23-28-36/37-45-60-61 |
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| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 6.1UN Pack Group: I |
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| Special Reports | Toxicology Review: Air Quality Monographs 73-19 (1973)Toxicology Review: Residue Reviews 46: 1 (1973)Toxicology Review: Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift 80 (20): 485 (1973)Toxicology Review: Residue Reviews 63: 1 (1976)For more Special Reports (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| FIFRA-Anforderungen | Classified for restricted use, limited to use by or under the direct supervision of a certified applicator. ... All emulsifiable concentrates and liquid concentrates. Psycodid filter fly formulations, and 2% dusts. |
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| Brandbekämpfung | Isolate hazard area, stay upwindventilate closed spaces before entering, wear protective clothing and positive breathing apparatus. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing.Use powder, water spray, foam, carbon dioxide. |
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| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. Refer immediately for medical attention.Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention. |
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| Erste Hilfe | Warning: Effects may be delayed. Caution is advised. Vital signs should be monitored closely.(General first aid procedures) |
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| Sichere Lagerung | Separated from food and feedstuffs and strong oxidants. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. |
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| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baselineButylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baselineSample at end of shift[TLVs and BEIs]0.09 [mg/m3] |
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| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | If material is on fire or involved in a fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities ofwater. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.Extinguishant: Alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. |
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| Lagerbedingungen | Rooms used for storage only should be soundly constructed & fitted with secure locks. Floors should be kept clear & pesticides clearly identified. If repacking is carried out in storage rooms, adequate light should be availablefloors should be impervious & sound ... . /Pesticides/Pesticides containers must be provided with labels indicating the degree of toxicity of the product they contain. The labels must not only give a short description of how to use the prepn, but also state basis precautions to be taken when applying it. /Organophosphorus pesticides/Pesticides of any degree of toxicity should be transported in containers which are clearly labelled, leak-proof, and not easily damaged. They should never be transported beside, or above any type of food, and all spillages should be immediately reported. /Pesticides/ |
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| Reinigungsverfahren | If phosdrin is spilled or leaked ... collect for reclamation or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or similar material. |
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| Freisetung ohne Brand | Do not touch spilled material. In case of spills, stay upwindkeep out of low areas. Ventilate closed areas before entering them. Use water spray to reduce vapors. (EPA, 1998) |
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| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.Contaminant removal from wastewater may be accomplished with air stripping.Potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration, with a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of seconds. Also, a potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration, with a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C, and a residence time of seconds. Also, a potential candidate for liquid injection incineration with a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C, and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. /Parathion/Manufacturers or formulators of very large amounts of pesticides may find it adv antageous to build incinerators adequate to destroy all organic pesticides and equipped with scrubbers to remove acid wastes. /Organic pesticides/ |
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| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
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| Preventive Measures | If material is not on fire and not involved in a fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.... Respirators may be used when engineering and work practice controls are not technically feasible, when such controls are in the process of being installed, or when they fail and need to be supplemented. Respirators may also be used for operations which require entry into tanks or closed vessels, and in emergency situations. If the use of respirators is necessary, the only respirators permitted are those that have been approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (formerly Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration) or by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.Clothing which has had any possibility of being contaminated with phosdrin should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of phosdrin from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the phosdrin, the person performing the operation should be informed of phosdrin's hazardous properties.For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Treatment | If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally. |
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| Wechselwirkungen | PHOSDRIN OR TRICHLORPHON AT CONCN OF 20 & 100 UG/ML OF CULTURE FLUID HAVE ACTIVITY SIMILAR TO DICHLORVOS, IN THAT THEY LOWERED THE LEVEL OF AFLATOXIN PRODUCED BY ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS & CAUSED FORMATION OF SEVERAL ANTHRAQUINONE PIGMENTS.Treatment of rats with chlorpromazine (CPZ) did not modify cholinesterase activity in brain, skeletal muscle, myocardium, lung, liver, and kidney. CPZ slightly potentiated the effects of mevinphos. |
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| Zielorgane | Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood cholinesterase |
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| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Certain reproductive effects in fertility, growth, and development for males and females have been linked specifically to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Most of the research on reproductive effects has been conducted on farmers working with pesticides and insecticdes in rural areas. In females menstrual cycle disturbances, longer pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and some developmental effects in offspring have been linked to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Prenatal exposure has been linked to impaired fetal growth and development. Neurotoxic effects have also been linked to poisoning with OP pesticides causing four neurotoxic effects in humans: cholinergic syndrome, intermediate syndrome, organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), and chronic organophosphate-induced neuropsychiatric disorder (COPIND). These syndromes result after acute and chronic exposure to OP pesticides. |
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| Ökotoxizitätswerte | LD50 ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS (MALLARD) ORAL 4.63 MG/KG (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 3.57-6.00 MG/KG), 5-7 MO OLD FEMALESLD50 PHASIANUS COLCHICUS (PHEASANT) ORAL 1.37 MG/KG (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.951-1.98 MG/KG), 3-4 MO OLD MALESLD50 TYMPANUCHUS PHASIANELLUS (SHARP TAILED GROUSE) ORAL 1.34 MG/KG (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.695-2.57 MG/KG), ADULT MALESLC50 SALMO GAIRDNERI 0.00006 ML/L/48 HRFor more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (25 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released in soil, mevinphos may leach, especially in sand soils. As the clay content of the soil increases, adsorption may increase, especially when the organic content of the soil is not low. According to the Pesticides Property Database and another investigator, the field half-life of mevinphos is 3 days(2,3). In experiments in which mevinphos (10, 100, and 1000 ppm) was applied to a silty clay soil (0.5% OC, pH 5.5) and a sandy clay soil (0.6% OC, pH 6.9) at field capacity moisture and incubated at room temperature, the rate of decay was essentially first order with average rate constants of 0.0526/day in the acid soil and 0.05503/day in the neutral soil. The half-life of mevinphos was 13 days in both soils at all concn levels(1). No mevinphos was detectible in a calcareous-argillaceous (1.48% organic matter, pH 8.0) soil 8 days after application(5). In lab experiments performed with five Sacramento Delta soils, mevinphos disappeared from clay and muck soils within 48 hr and in peat soil within 10 hr(4). In peat/sand soil and sand, 16 and 12% of the initial residues remained at the end of the experiment (144 hr). In all cases, degradation was initially greater in the natural soils than autoclaved soils.AQUATIC FATE: If released in water, mevinphos would slowly hydrolyze, especially in alkaline waters. At ambient temperatures, its half-lives are 120, 35, and 3 days at pH 6, 7, and 9, respectively(1). It would not be expected to volatilize or adsorb to sediment(SRC). The rate of loss of mevinphos in a model evaporation pond, pH 8.2 at 22 degC, was determined to be 0.0016/hr (half-life 18 days) by daily sampling over a seven day period(2). EPA's EXAMs model predicts that after 42 days, when 97% of the pesticide has been dissipated, 99.7% of the loss would be due to hydrolysis and 0.1% to volatilization(2).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: If mevinphos is released into the atmosphere as an aerosol during spraying, it will be removed by gravitational settling. Vapor-phase mevinphos will react with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals resulting in an estimated atmospheric half-life of 4.5 hr(1). At night or when pollution levels are high, reaction with ozone will also contribute to mevinphos' degradation in air. |
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| Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte | According to FDA's total diet studies for 1986-1991, <115 of 4914 items (<2%) analyzed contained mevinphos(1). The analogous results for 1991-1993 showed that <32 of 1566 items (<2%) contained mevinphos(2). Mevinphos was present in total diet samples in these studies(1,2). Mevinphos was found in 745 of 6391 domestic agricultural commodities and 99 of 12,044 imported agricultural commodities conducted by surveillance sampling between FY 1982 and FY 1986(3). The concns of mevinphos in the domestic agricultural commodities were (concn range in ppm, number of findings in range): <0.05, 2830.05-0.10, 1270.10- 0.50, 2820.50-1.0, 421.0-2.0, 9>2.0, 2(3). The concn of mevinphos in the imported agricultural commodities were (concn range in ppm, number of findings in range): <0.05, 250.05-0.10, 200.10-0.50, 440.50-1.0, 91.0-2.0, 0>2.0, 1(3). State findings of mevinphos residues collected in the FOODCONTAM database reveal 153 positive samples out of 13,980 samples in FY88, of which 25 were above tolerance and 143 positive samples out of 13,085 samples in FY89 of which 20 were above tolerance(5). During a 32 month period ending in December 1991, Agriculture Canada, pesticide analysis of 13,230 samples of domestic and imported commodities resulted in 3 findings of mevinphos in domestic produce and 10 findings of mevinphos in imported produce(6). Mevinphos was found in beans, potatoes, strawberries, lettuce, onions, pears and spinach(6). In a screening study in Xalapa, a medium sized Mexican city, to determine which of several food items consumed without cooking contained pesticide residues, mevinphos was found in hot pepper and onionit was absent from tomato, lettuce, carrot, cucumber, banana, papaw, pineapple, lemon and orange(4). |
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| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Other Poison - Organophosphate |
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| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
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| Toxizitätsübersicht | Mevinphos is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibitor (or 'anticholinesterase') suppresses the action of acetylcholinesterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholinesterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses, followed by muscle spasms and ultimately death. Nerve gases and many substances used in insecticides have been shown to act by binding a serine in the active site of acetylcholine esterase, inhibiting the enzyme completely. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop. Among the most common acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are phosphorus-based compounds, which are designed to bind to the active site of the enzyme. The structural requirements are a phosphorus atom bearing two lipophilic groups, a leaving group (such as a halide or thiocyanate), and a terminal oxygen. |
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| Average Daily Intake | Average daily intakes of mevinphos found in FDA's Total Diet Study for 8 age/sex groups (1986-1991) are (group, ug/kg body wt/day): 6-11 mo, 0.00482 yr, 0.007814-16 female, 0.002714-16 male, 0.002025-30 female, 0.003025-30 male, 0.001960-65 female, 0.005860-65 male, 0.0052(1). The results of an analogous study conducted in 1982-1984 are (group, ug/kg body wt/day): 6-11 mo, 0.00712 yr, 0.012114-16 female, 0.003914-16 male, 0.002925-30 female, 0.004425-30 male, 0.002460-65 female, 0.009160-65 male, 0.0083(2). |
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| Plant Concentrations | Mevinphos is metabolized by plants and has half-lives of 0.7 and 0.5 days on alfalfa and beans, respectively(1). Early field studies demonstrated that 90% of the applied mevinphos was lost in 0.8 to 4.2 days in a range of crops and that 99% of initial residues were lost in 3.9 days(2). Mean mevinphos losses from lettuce, kohlrabi, green beans, and summer wheat after field application ranged from 86- 99% in 24 hrloss were ascribed to evaporation(3). A study conducted in Monterey County, CA to ascertain whether mevinphos dissipation on row crops was seasonally dependent and therefore might require a reevaluation of worker reentry intervals, found that the overall half-lives for June, 24 hr (SD = 10 hr), was not markedly different from that for October, 18 hr (SD = 8 hr)(4). |
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| CERCLA-Meldepflichtmengen | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4(section IV. D.3.b).Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Mevinphos is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 lbs. |
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| Clean Water Act Anforderungen | Designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. |
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| Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | (FL) FLORIDA 1.8 ug/l |
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