tert-Butyl methyl ether → Sufentanil

Beteiligte Stoffe

Reaktionsschritte

To a suitably sized reaction flask (e.g., a jacketed glass reactor with stirring, nitrogen blanket, internal temperature recorder, and reflux capabilities) is charged 4-[(1-oxopropyl)phenylamino]-4-methoxymethyl piperidine nosylate (100.0 g), 2-(2-thiophenylethyl) 4-nitro-benzene sulfonate (79.2 g), tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE, 333 mL), and triethylamine (TEA, 666 mL). The reaction mixture is warmed to 55°±5° C. and allowed to react at that temperature for not less than 24 hours. As the reaction progresses, a slurry is formed. The extent of the reaction can be followed by HPLC until most of the initial reactants are consumed. At that point, the reaction mixture is cooled to 20°±5° C. and charged with MTBE (400 mL) and water (400 mL). The diluted slurry is mixed for at least 10 minutes and then aqueous and organic phases are allowed to separate in a separatory funnel. The aqueous phase is discarded and then the organic phase is washed with water two additional times. Carbon (20 g) is then added to the resultant organic phase, mixed for at least 10 minutes and the carbon is filtered from the organic phase through a CELITE® diatomaceous earth bed. The CELITE® diatomaceous earth bed is washed with 200 ml of MTBE, the organic phases are combined and then solvent exchanged with ethanol under vacuum distillation conditions (by concentrating the organic phase to minimum stir volume three times and thereafter adding 400 mL of ethanol following each step of concentrating). The final volume should be about 600 mL. The solution is warmed to 45°±5° C. and then water (834 mL) is added slowly to give a turbid system. The hazy slurry is cooled slowly to 5°±5° C., and held at that temperature for at least 16 hours. The resultant slurry is filtered, washed with 30% aqueous ethanol and then dried in a vacuum oven at 50° C. to yield 67.9 g of the desired sufentanil product (expected yield 84%; expected purity 99.7%).

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