| GHS classification | DangerH201: (Deleted) Explosivemass explosion hazard [Danger Explosives]P203, P210, P230, P240, P250, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P370+P380, P372, P373, P391, P401, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H201 (100%): (Deleted) Explosive |
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| Regulatory information | Status: Active Update: 29-04-2013 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/6670 |
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| Hazards summary | Classifications by the EC: Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire, or other sources of ignitionLimited evidence of a carcinogenic effectToxic in contact with skinHarmful by ingestion (danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure)Irritating to skin and eyesMay cause sensitization by skin contact[EC: SCCS] A skin and strong eye irritantMay cause CNS depression, respiratory sensitization, and induce methemoglobinemiaHarmful by ingestionHighly toxic by skin absorption[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See Hydroxylamine. See NITRATES and NITRITES. |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Expl. 1.1 (100%)Explosive - division 1.1Expl. 1.1 **** |
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| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 0.16 [ppm]24 [ppm]92 [ppm] |
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| Treatment | Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613) |
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| Health effects | Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137) |
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| Adverse effects | Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the bloodthe compound is classified as secondary toxic effect |
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| Exposure routes | Oral (L1137)inhalation (L1137) |
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| Toxicity summary | Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613) |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137) |
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| Carcinogen Classification | Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135) |
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| Water hazard class (WGK) | 3 |
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| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
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| UN transport number | 1759 |
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| Risk statements (R) | 1-22-36/37/38-43-48/22-34-20/21/22-50 |
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| Signal word | Danger |
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| GHS pictogram | GHS01,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09 |
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| Hazard symbols | Xn,C,Xi,N |
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| Safety statements (S) | 26-36/37-45-36/37/39-35-61 |
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| Hazard class | 8 |
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| Packing group | III |
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| GHS hazard statements | H201-H302-H311-H315-H319-H317-H351-H373-H400 |
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| REACH registrations | Active |
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| GHS precautionary statements | P210-P230-P234-P240-P250-P280-P264-P270-P261-P272-P201-P202-P260-P273-P301+P312-P330-P302+P352-P312-P361+P364-P332+P313-P362+P364-P305+P351+P338-P337+P313-P333+P313-P308+P313-P314-P391-P401-P405-P501 |
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