Magnesium Carbonate

HCID 11029CAS 12072-90-1

Basic information

Standard SMILES
O=C([O-])[O-].[Mg+2]
InChIKey
ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Molecular formula
CMgO3
Average molar mass
84.31 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass
83.9697855

Names & identifiers

Preferred name
Magnesium Carbonate
IUPAC
magnesium carbonate
English name
Magnesite
Molecular formula
CH2O3.Mg
Molecular weight
86.33

Names & synonyms

MAGNESIUM CARBONATE546-93-0MagnesiteMagnesium carbonate anhydrousKimboshiMagmasterApoldaDestabMagfyCarbonate magnesiumCarbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)Magnesium carbonate (1:1)
Show more names
Magnesite (Mg(CO3))Magnesium CarbonatesCMgO3giobertiteheavycp2000MAGGRAN(R) MCMAGNESIA 81811
GP 20 (carbonate)MA 70 (carbonate)Gold Star (carbonate)Stan-mag magnesium carbonateMagnesium carbonate (MgCO3)DCI light magnesium carbonateC.I. 77713Ins no.504(i)

Database identifiers

CAS
12072-90-1、13717-00-5、23389-33-5、546-93-0、7757-69-9、7760-50-1
PubChem CID
11029
DTXSID
DTXSID4049660
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1200736
ChEBI
CHEBI:31793
UNII
0IHC698356
EC Number
208-915-9、604-004-9、811-989-0、895-481-4
Nikkaji
J1.353F

Properties

Computed structural properties

Topological polar surface area
63.2 Ų
Hydrogen bond donors
0
Hydrogen bond acceptors
3
Rotatable bonds
0
Heavy atoms
5

Experimental & physicochemical properties

OdorOdorless
Density · 6 items

2.96 (NIOSH, 2024) - Denser than water; will sink

3.0

Bulk density approximately 4 lb/cu ft

Colorless crystals; refractive index: 1.458, 1.473, 1.501; density: 2.83 g/cu-cm /Dihydrate/

White monoclinic crystals; density: 1.73 g/cu cm /Pentahydrate/

Relative density (water = 1): 2.95

Color/FormLight, bulky, white powder
Solubility · 6 items

0.01 % (NIOSH, 2024)

0.1g/L

Practically insoluble both in water or ethanol

White, friable masses or bulky, white powder; at about 700 °C is converted to MgO; sol in about 3,300 parts CO2-free water; more sol in water containing CO2; sol in dilute acids with effervescence; insol in alcohol /Magnesium carbonate hydroxide/

0.0106 G/100 CC COLD WATER

SOL IN ACID, AQ CARBON DIOXIDE; INSOL IN ACETONE, AMMONIA

Boiling Point · 4 items

Decomposes (NIOSH, 2024)

Decomposes

decomposes

Decomposes

Decomposition · 2 items

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes /of carbon dioxide/.

350 °C

Physicochemical properties

Melting point
2090 °C · 2090 °C(Press: 1.1 x 10⁸ Torr)
Density
3.001 g/cm3 · 3.001 g/cm3
storage temp.
Hygroscopic, Room Temperature, under inert atmosphere
form
Solid
color
White to Off-White
Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)
5.17 · pKsp: 5.17

Safety & regulation

GHS classification

GHS Classification · 6 items

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 96.6% (982 of 1017) of all reports.

Not Classified;Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 982 of 1017 companies (only 3.4% companies provided GHS information). For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1017 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.;Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 982 of 1017 reports by companies.;There are 5 notifications provided by 35 of 1017 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).;Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 100% (104 of 104) of all reports.

Not Classified;Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 104 of 104 companies. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Aggregated GHS information provided per 104 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.;Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 104 of 104 reports by companies.;There are 0 notifications provided by 0 of 104 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).;Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Hazard information

Regulatory Information · 6 items

Chemical: Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)

Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 12-04-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15234

Magnesite: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

Magnesium carbonate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Magnesite: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1): Human health tier I assessment
Fire HazardsNot combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.
Health HazardsExcerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Magnesite:;Exposure Routes: Inhalation, skin and/or eye contact;Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough;Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system (NIOSH, 2024)
Hazards SummaryDocumentation and TLV withdrawn in 2006 because of insufficient data; [ACGIH] Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough; [CAMEO] See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide.
FDA Requirements · 4 items

Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Magnesium carbonate used as a general purpose food additive in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl magnesium carbonate, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Antacid products for over-the-counter (OTC) human use. Magnesium carbonate /is included in/ this list of specific active ingredients.

Safety & protection

Fire FightingIn case of fire in the surroundings: all extinguishing agents allowed.
First Aid Measures · 4 items

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth.

First Aid · 2 items

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Magnesite:;Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.;Breathing: FRESH AIR - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary. (NIOSH, 2024)

(General first aid procedures);Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.;Breathing: Fresh air

Safe StorageSeparated from acids.
Disposal Methods · 1 item

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Spillage DisposalPersonal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Toxicology

Interactions · 3 items

This study investigated the in vitro adsorption of halofantrine (Hf) by some antacids. Magnesium carbonate showed the highest adsorptive effect, the extent of adsorption being up to 83%. Only 4% of Hf adsorbed by the antacid could be eluted with 0.1 M HCl while no detectable elution occurred with water. Other antacids investigated were magnesium trisilicate and aluminium hydroxide and these had Hf-adsorption capacities of 23 and 43%, respectively. The effect of magnesium carbonate on the bioavailability of Hf was evaluated in seven healthy volunteers. The subjects were administered with 500 mg oral dose of Hf-HCl or the same dose of the drug in combination with 1 g of magnesium carbonate, in a crossover fashion. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time intervals and were analysed for Hf and its major metabolite, desbutylhalofantrine (Hfm), using high-performance liquid chromatography method. The results showed that magnesium carbonate significantly prolonged (P<0.05) the time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) of Hf. Also the maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) of Hf and Hfm were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Furthermore, there was a reduction in the area under the curve (AUC) values of Hf and this was as high as 56% (range 1-56%). Results of this study suggest that it may not be advisable to concomitantly administer Hf with an antacid like magnesium carbonate.

The use of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to bind phosphorus (P) in chronic hemodialysis patients has been a popular tactic in the past decade. Nonetheless, problems with hypercalcemia decrease its usefulness, particularly in patients treated with calcitriol. A P binder not containing calcium (Ca) would be of value in these circumstances. In short-term studies, ...magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) was well-tolerated and controlled P and Mg levels when given in conjunction with a dialysate Mg of 0.6 mg/dl. ...A prospective, randomized, crossover study /was performed/ to evaluate if the chronic use of MgCO3 would allow a reduction in the dose of CaCO3 and yet achieve acceptable levels of Ca, P, and Mg. We also assessed whether the lower dose of CaCO3 would facilitate the use of larger doses of calcitriol. The two phases were MgCO3 plus half the usual dose of CaCO3 and CaCO3 alone given in the usual dose. It was found that MgCO3 (dose, 465 +/- 52 mg/day elemental Mg) allowed a decrease in the amount of elemental Ca ingested from 2.9 +/- 0.4 to 1.2 +/- 0.2 g/day (P<0.0001). The Ca, P, Mg levels were the same in the two phases. The maximum dose of iv calcitriol without causing hypercalcemia was 1.5 +/- 0.3 ug/treatment during the MgCO3 phase and 0.8 +/- ug/treatment during the Ca phase (P<0.02). If these studies are confirmed, the use of MgCO3 and a dialysate Mg of 0.6 mg/dl may be considered in selected patients who develop hypercalcemia during treatment with iv calcitriol and CaCO3.

Effect of magnesium on iron and magnesium metabolism in rats was investigated. 96 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups received 2.5; 5.0 and 10.0 mg magnesium daily per kg of body weight--dissolved in 2%--solution of arabic gum (tests groups) or clear 2%--solution of arabic gum (test group) for 4 weeks and the next 4 weeks without supplements. Iron concentrations increased in the brain and kidney of the experimental rats, but decreased in the spleen, intestine and liver (2 and 4 weeks only) also in the heart and femur (only 8 wk). Percentage of iron retention decreased during the whole experiment. Magnesium concentrations increased in the spleen, liver and intestine of rats. It was shown that at 8 weeks of experiment the magnesium level of heart and femur decreased (only groups received 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg Mg/kg bw/24 hr), but in group received 10.0 mg Mg/kg bw/24 hr increased for all experiment. The apparent retention of magnesium increased in start of the experiment. This results show that oral magnesium supplementation disturbs metabolism of these elements, especially balance of iron.

Target OrgansEyes, skin, respiratory system
Environmental Fate · 1 item

AQUATIC FATE: Natural water systems acquire magnesium through weathering reactions, which involve the interaction of water and atmosphere with the earth's crust and subsequent leaching of magnesium compounds into water. The Mg2+ ion is the predominant form of dissolved magnesium. However, some magnesium complexes do form. The magnesium sulfate ion pair complex (MgSO4) is the most significant complex present, representing 2.6% and 11% of the total magnesium content in fresh and sea water, respectively. The concentrations of bicarbonate and carbonate complexes are significant but considerably less than sulfate complexes. Incorporation of magnesium compounds into sediment is an important removal process. For example, a small amount of magnesium is ion exchanged for calcium on clay minerals in ocean sediment. Also small amounts of magnesium carbonate (about 6% of the magnesium supplied by rivers) are deposited with calcite (CaCO3) in seawater. There is significant uptake of magnesium (about 24% of the river input of magnesium) by sediment in which sulfate reduction is taking place(1). The avg Kd value for magnesium sorption on Po River sediments is 1.3 cu m/kg, which suggests that magnesium ions are weakly sorbed on sediments(2). High-temperature alteration of basalts at hydrothermal vents apparently constitute the most important sink for magnesium in seawater(1).

Exposure Routes · 2 items

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

Toxicity Summary · 2 items

The CIR Expert Panel concluded that the following 6 carbonate salts are safe in the present practices of use and concentration, as described in this safety assessment, when formulated to be non-irritating...Magnesium Carbonate...

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Signs and Symptoms · 2 items

Cough.

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough

Regulatory information

Regulatory Information · 6 items

Chemical: Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1)

Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 12-04-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15234

Magnesite: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

Magnesium carbonate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Magnesite: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

FDA Requirements · 4 items

Substance added directly to human food affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Magnesium carbonate used as a general purpose food additive in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl magnesium carbonate, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Antacid products for over-the-counter (OTC) human use. Magnesium carbonate /is included in/ this list of specific active ingredients.

FIFRA Requirements · 2 items

Residues of magnesium carbonate are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as an anticaking agent or conditioning agent in accordance with good agricultural practices as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest.

Magnesium carbonate is exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a solid diluent or carrier in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to animals.

Chemistry & industry

Pharmacology

ATC Code · 4 items

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism;A06 - Drugs for constipation;A06A - Drugs for constipation;A06AD - Osmotically acting laxatives;A06AD01 - Magnesium carbonate

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism;A02 - Drugs for acid related disorders;A02A - Antacids;A02AA - Magnesium compounds;A02AA01 - Magnesium carbonate

QA - Alimentary tract and metabolism;QA06 - Drugs for constipation;QA06A - Drugs for constipation;QA06AD - Osmotically acting laxatives;QA06AD01 - Magnesium carbonate

QA - Alimentary tract and metabolism;QA02 - Drugs for acid related disorders;QA02A - Antacids;QA02AA - Magnesium compounds;QA02AA01 - Magnesium carbonate

Protein Binding30% of magnesium is bound to proteins.
PharmacodynamicsNeutralizes acid in the stomach.
Mechanism of Action · 2 items

Magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form carbon dioxide and magnesium chloride thus neutralizing excess acid in the stomach.

... Rapidly reacts with hydrochloric acid to form ... carbon dioxide /and magnesium chloride/.

Biological Half-LifeHalf life of 27.7 hours reported with overdose of 400mEq of magnesium in an adult.
Metabolism/MetabolitesMagnesium does not appear to be metabolized in any way.

Uses & manufacturing

Uses · 6 items

CIR ingredient: Magnesium Carbonate

Magnesium carbonate is added to table salt, and it is used as an antacid. [ACGIH] Used to make other compounds in the paint, ink, fireproofing, flooring, polishing, plastics, and rubber industries; [HSDB]

For magnesium carbonate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 073503) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

In foods as a drying agent, color retention agent, anticaking agent and a carrier.

ANTACID & CATHARTIC

MEDICATION

U.S. Imports · 2 items

(1972) 1.26X10+8 G

(1974) 1.24X10+8 G

U.S. Production · 3 items

2023: 10,000,000,000 - <50,000,000,000 lb;2022: 10,000,000,000 - <50,000,000,000 lb;2021: 100,000,000 - <500,000,000 lb;2020: 10,000,000,000 - <50,000,000,000 lb

(1972) 4.6X10+9 G (SHIPPED & USED)

(1974) 5.4X10+9 G (SHIPPED AND USED)

Consumer UsesProcessing aids not otherwise specified;Other;Lubricating agent;Intermediate;Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable;Filler;Catalyst
Industry UsesAbrasives;Processing aids not otherwise specified;Binder;Other;Alloys;Lubricating agent;Anti-adhesive/cohesive;Intermediate;Catalyst;Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable;Filler
Methods of Manufacturing · 4 items

MIXING OF SOLUTIONS OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE AND SODIUM CARBONATE, FOLLOWED BY FILTERING AND DRYING

... FROM DOLOMITE ... BY ... CALCINING IT, SUSPENDING CALCINATED POWDER IN WATER & SATURATING WITH CARBON DIOXIDE ... SOME LIME ... DISSOLVES ... BUT WHEN TEMP, AFTER TREATMENT WITH CARBON DIOXIDE ... RAISED, NEARLY ALL ... LIME PPT ... SOLN ... HEATED ... MAGNESIUM BICARBONATE LOSES CARBON DIOXIDE & WATER & MAGNESIUM CARBONATE PPT. ... GENERALLY YIELDS LIGHT CARBONATE.

HEAVY CARBONATE ... PRODUCED BY PRECIPITATING HOT, CONCENTRATED SOLN OF MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE OR SULFATE WITH SOLN OF SODIUM CARBONATE.

Reaction of a soluble magnesium salt solution with sodium carbonate or bicarbonate.

Applications · 4 items

DescriptionMagnesium carbonate has the molecular formula of MgCO3 and the molecular weight of 84.3145 g/mol.For the most part,Mg2+ forms several hydrated and basic carbonates that are stable and occur in nature.The calcite structure of magnesium carbonate has the form wherein Mg2+ is surrounded by six O2- atoms. The dihydrate composition has a triclinic structure, while the trihydrate has a monoclinic structure. References to “light” and “heavy” magnesium carbonates actually refer to the magnesium hydroxycarbonates. A space-filling structure of the anhydrous salt is seen in the above diagram where the triangular CO3 2- groups are clearly visible.

UsesMagnesium Carbonate is an anticaking agent and general purpose food additive. it is practically insoluble in water but is more soluble in water containing carbon dioxide. it imparts a slightly alkaline reaction to the water. it is used as an alkali in sour cream, butter, and canned peas. it is used as an anticaking agent in table salt and dry mixes. it assists in providing clarity in algin gels and functions as a filler in dental impression materials.

UsesMagnesium salts, heat insulation and refractory, rubber reinforcing agent, inks, glass, pharmaceuticals, dentifrice and cosmetics, free-running table salts, antacid, making magnesium citrate, filtering medium. In foods as drying agent, color retention agent, anticaking agent, carrier.

UsesMagnesium carbonate (MgCO3) is found in a mixture of natural minerals. It can also be produced in several ways, including pumping carbon dioxide through magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide. It is used in pharmaceuticals such as magnesium citrate and as a desiccant to keep hydroscopic products from caking (table salt) and to strengthen rubber and produce dyes, inks, and cosmetics.

Preparation methods · 1 item

PreparationMagnesium carbonate is obtained mainly by mining its natural mineral magnesite. The trihydrate salt, MgCO3•3H2O, is prepared by mixing solutions of magnesium and carbonate ions in the presence of carbon dioxide. Alternatively, it may be produced by carbonation of a magnesium hydroxide slurry with carbon dioxide under pressure (3.5 to 5 atm) and at a temperature below 50°C which yields soluble magnesium bicarbonate: Mg(OH)2 + 2CO2 → Mg(HCO3)2 The solution is filtered to remove impurities and the filtrate is subjected to vacuum or aeration to yield insoluble magnesium carbonate as a hydrated salt: Mg2 + 2HCO3¯ → MgCO3 + CO2 + H2O Under ordinary conditions, anhydrous magnesium carbonate cannot be prepared in aqueous systems. The anhydrous salt, however, can be made under very high partial pressures of carbon dioxide. Basic magnesium carbonate occurs in nature as the mineral hydromagnesite. The basic salt is obtained by mining the ore followed by purification. The basic carbonates also can be made by drying the magnesium carbonate trihydrate at about 100°C. Alternatively it can be prepared by simply boiling a solution of magnesium bicarbonate. The bicarbonate is obtained by carbonation of a magnesium hydroxide slurry below 50°C and under a CO2 partial pressure of 3.5 to 5 atm. Composition of the basic carbonate produced by the above methods is 4MgCO3 •Mg(OH)2•4H2O. Another basic salt, MgCO3•Mg(OH)3•3H2O is precipitated when magnesium salt solution is treated with sodium carbonate solution. The reactions probably are: CO32– + H2O → HCO3¯ + OH¯ 2Mg2+ + CO32– + 2OH¯ → MgCO3•Mg(OH)2

Suppliers50 total

郑州阿尔法化工有限公司+86-18530059196 · [email protected]
湖北永阔科技有限公司027-59223108 15972152991 · [email protected]
陕西缔都新材料有限公司81124267 17392282731 · [email protected]
湖北万得化工有限公司15377098680 15377098680 · [email protected]
天津市光复科技发展有限公司022-85689490 13132141716 · [email protected]

Additional notes

DefinitionThe term magnesium carbonate is generally reserved for the synthetic, pure variety. The naturally occurring material is called magnesite.

Related reactions

38 records

Linked notes

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