1-Propene, 1,2-dichloro-

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

The following wastewater treatment technology has been investigated for 1,2-dichloropropylene: Concentration process: Stripping.

The following wastewater treatment technology has been investigated for 1,2-dichloropropylene: Concentration process: Solvent extraction.

The following wastewater treatment technology has been investigated for 1,2-dichloropropylene: Concentration process: Activated carbon.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

10 [mg/m3]

66 [mg/m3]

400 [mg/m3]

Chemical Protective Clothing Material Vendor Ratings: "Fair" or "poor" ratings were given by less than three vendors. "Good" and "fair" ratings, with "fair" predominating, were given by several vendors for butyl, natural rubber, neoprene and nitrile materials used in occupational exposure to dichloropropenes.

Following oral exposure, administer charcoal as a slurry. Monitor liver and kidney function; elevations may not be seen for several days. Following eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. Following dermal exposure, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. Following inhalation, move patient to fresh air, even though initial symptoms and signs are mild; keep the victim quiet, in a semi-reclining position. Minimum physical activity limits the likehood of pulmonary edema. If victim is not breathing, clear the airway of secretions and resuscitate with positive pressure oxygen apparatus. If this is not available, use chest compression to sustain respiration. (T36, A568)

Ingestion of 1,2-D can lead to developed gastrointestinal distress, adult respiratory distress syndrome, hematological and hepatorenal functional impairment, acute gastrointestinal distress with pulmonary congestion and edema, central nervous depression, perhaps even in the absence of impaired oxygen uptake. Moreover, this can lead to death. Coma may occur rapidly after inhalation. Severe skin irritation with marked inflammatory response of epidermis can underlying tissues can follow dermal exposure. By any route, possible late injuries to liver, kidneys and heart (T48).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 57(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 2,700 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dichloropropene is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dichloropropene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant estimated as 4.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from a vapor pressure of 90.8 mm Hg(4), and its water solubility(2). The potential for volatilization of 1,2-dichloropropene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 57(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 2,700(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dichloropropene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 90.8 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hrs and 4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 7(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,2-dichloropropene, which has a vapor pressure of 90.8 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dichloropropene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3).

Metabolism of 1,2-D in the rat results in the formation of a mercapturic acid conjugate excreted largely in the urine. Proposed reactive intermediates include 1,2-epoxypropane; this intermediate is suspected of being responsible for mutagenic effects of 1,2-D. Glutathione pathways are seen as a detoxification mechanisms, & liver & kidney toxicity at high concns may be due to saturation of these pathways (A568).

Symptoms occuring after inhalation include gasping, refusal to breathe, coughing, substernal pain; lacrimation and headache are prominant. After inhalation exposures, malaise, headache, chest and abdominal discomfort and irritability can persist during weeks or years. Moreover, Irritation of eyes and upper respiratory mucosa appears promptly after exposure to concentrated vapors. Ingestion can cause cough, sore throat, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, unconsciousness, and laboured breathing (T48, L893).

The Koc of 1,2-dichloropropene is estimated as 57(SRC), using a water solubility of 2,700 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dichloropropene is expected to have high mobility in soil.

Symptomatology: 1A) Inhalation, high vapor concn: gasping, refusal to breathe, coughing, substernal pain, & extreme respiratory distress at vapor concn over 1500 ppm. Irritation of eyes & upper respiratory mucosa appears promptly after exposure to concentrated vapors. Lacrimation & headache are prominent. Coma may occur rapidly. B) Inhalation, low vapor concn: central nervous depression & moderate irritation of respiratory system. Headache is frequent. 2) Dermal: severe skin irritation with marked inflammatory response of epidermis & underlying tissues. 3) Oral: acute gastrointestinal distress with pulmonary congestion & edema. Central nervous depression, perhaps even in the absence of impaired oxygen uptake. 4) By any route, possible late injuries to liver, kidneys & heart. 5) After inhalation exposures, malaise, headache, chest & abdominal discomfort & irritability have been reported to persist for several weeks & perhaps for several years.

Intense irritation of eyes, skin, & resp mucosa. /Dichloropropene/

Exposures to 1,2-D results in injury to the liver & kidneys.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 1-Propene, 1,2-dichloro- is included on this list.