1,2-Butanediol

1.0023 @ 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.01

Dynamic viscosity @ 20 °C is 7.3 mPa.s

7.3 mm²/s at 20 °C

SPECIFIC OPTICAL ROTATION: -7.4 DEG AT 22 °C/D (ALCOHOL, 4%); SOL IN WATER, ALCOHOL & ACETONE /L-FORM/

Miscible with water in all proportions, readily soluble in alcohols, slightly soluble in ethers and esters, and insoluble in hydrocarbons.

Solubility in water: miscible

90 °C

40 °C (104 °F) (CLOSED CUP)

93 °C c.c.

195-196.9 °C

194 °C

-50 °C

-114 °C

3.1 (AIR= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.1

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 25.3% (39 of 154) of reports.

Warning

H319 (74.7%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P264+P265, P280, P305+P351+P338, and P337+P317 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 154 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Chemical: 1,2-Butanediol

1,2-Butanediol is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1,2-Butanediol are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 09-12-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23064

1,2-Butanediol: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.

2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.

0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

... /IF/ AGITATED OR HEATED, OR IF SKIN CONTACT IS EXTENSIVE & PROLONGED, IT IS ADVISABLE TO PROTECT PERSONNEL BY ENCLOSING PROCESS OR PROVIDING LOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATION. /GLYCOLS & DERIV/

MAIN HAZARD ASSOC WITH THESE SUBSTANCES /IS/ THAT OF INGESTION /WHICH/ CAN USUALLY BE PREVENTED BY KEEPING THEM IN PROPERLY LABELLED CONTAINERS. /GLYCOLS & DERIV/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: 1,2-Butanediol will probably biodegrade based on a screening test of the structurally analogous 1,4-butanediol(5,SRC). According to a suggested classification scheme(3), the estimated Koc value of 17(1,2) indicates that 1,2-butanediol will be very highly mobile in soil. Based on the vapor pressure of 0.0501 mm Hg at 25 °C(4), 1,2-butanediol is expected to volatilize if spilled on dry soil surfaces(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on the estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.3X10-7 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(3), 1,2-butanediol is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water. Adsorption to sediment, bioconcentration in aquatic organisms, and hydrolysis are not expected to be important fate processes for 1,2-butanediol in water systems(SRC). 1,2-Butanediol is expected to biodegrade based on a screening test for 1,4-butanediol(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based on the measured vapor pressure of 0.0501 mm Hg at 25 °C(1), 1,2-butanediol is expected to exist almost entirely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere(2). Vapor phase 1,2-butanediol is degraded by reaction with photochemically formed hydroxyl radicals in the ambient atmosphere; the half-life for this reaction in air can be estimated to be about 25 hours(3,SRC).

Dizziness. Drowsiness. Headache.

Redness. Pain.

Nausea. Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Aspiration hazard!

Based on an estimated log octanol-water partition coefficient of -0.29(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), the Koc for 1,2-butanediol can be estimated to be 17(SRC). According to a suggested classification scheme(3), this Koc value indicates that 1,2-butanediol will be very highly mobile in soil(SRC).

2-Butanol was shown to biologically oxidize to 1,2-butanediol in cell free extracts of Pseudomonas species(1). However, 1,2-butanediol was not converted using the same organism(1). Using an initial concn of 100 mg/L 1,4-butanediol, 74- 96 percent BOD was observed after a 2 week period in a biodegradation screening test using 30 mg/L sludge(2) and 1,2- butanediol is expected to behave similarly under the same conditions based on structural analogy to 1,4-butanediol(SRC).

Based on an estimated log octanol-water partition coefficient of -0.29(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), the BCF for 1,2-butanediol can be estimated to be 0.35(SRC). This BCF value indicates that 1,2-butanediol will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC).

... 1.0 g/kg of 1,2 butanediol /given/ intravenously during a 2-min period to rabbits ... was metabolized slowly, as shown by the fact that the blood level fell slowly and that there was only slow excretion via the urine. That which was excreted in the urine was found either as the glucuronide or unchanged. Tissue analysis showed no accumulation of 1,2-butanediol.

... Glucuronides or other metabolites /were not found/ in the urine of rabbits given 1,2-butanediol orally.

CIR ingredient: 1,2-Butanediol

Used as an intermediate in polyester resins; as a solvent; [HSDB] Used as a solvent in pesticides and inkjet inks and in the preparation of polyurethanes; [CHEMINFO]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

IN INDUST AS INTERMEDIATE IN POLYESTER RESINS

Solvent and intermediate

2023: 250,000 - <550,000 lb

(1977) MORE THAN 4.5X10+6 G (INCL 1,3-ISOMER)

(1979) MORE THAN 4.5X10+6 G (INCL 1,3-ISOMER)

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Solvents

Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern