Selenourea

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P103, D010 must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A poor candidate for incineration.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Selenium cmpd, as Se/

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Selenium cmpd, as Se/

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. /Selenium cmpd, as Se/

Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. ... It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity of flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.

0.2 [mg/m3], as Se

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.2 mg/cu m. /Selenium & compounds, as Se/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Selenium & compounds, as Se/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 1 mg/cu m: Respirator Classes: Any dust and mist respirator (if not present as a fume). Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.; Any dust, mist, and fume respirator. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.; Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter.; Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a dust and mist filter (if not present as a fume). Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a dust, mist, and fume filter. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.; Any supplied-air respirator. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.; Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. /Selenium cmpd, as Se/

Recommendations for respirator selection. Condition: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concn or IDLH conditions: Respirator Classes: Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.; Any supplied-air respirator that has a full face piece and is operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. /Selenium cmpd, as Se/

Recommendations for respirator selection. Condition: Escape from suddenly occuring respiratory hazards: Respirator Classes: Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter.; Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus. /Selenium cmpd, as Se/

Australia: 0.2 mg/cu m, as Se (selenium compounds, excluding hydrogen selenide); Federal Republic of Germany: 0.1 mg/cu m, as Se total dust, short-term level 1.0 mg/cu m, 30 min, once per shift; Sweden: 0.1 mg/cu m, as Se (selenium and inorganic compounds, except hydrogen selenide); United Kingdom: 0.1 mg/cu m, as Se (selenium and compounds, except hydrogen selenide)

1.0 [mg/m3], as Se

1 mg/ cu m /Selenium as Se/

IRRADIATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI B/R IN THE PRESENCE OF 5X10-2 MOLES SELENOUREA PRODUCED INCREASED SURVIVAL WHEN IRRIADIATION WAS PERFORMED IN AIR AND THE OPPOSITE EFFECT IN NITROGEN. THE ANOXIC SENSITIZATION APPEARS TO BE DUE TO COLLOIDAL SELENIUM FORMED FROM SELENOUREA BY IRRADIATION.

Employment and periodic examinations should consider the skin, eyes, liver, respiratory tract, kidney, and liver functions and existing disorders or diseases. The fingernails should be carefully examined as an indicator of exposure. Measurement of urinary excretion of selenium is useful if comparison data is available. Levels should be maintained below 0.1 mg/l. /Selenium/

Symptoms of chronic selenium poisoning were produced in buffalo calves by administering 0.3 and 0.15 mg/kg selenourea. A dose of 0.3 mg/kg was toxic and resulted in death, but 0.15 mg/kg was well tolerated and produced symptoms of chronic selenosis. Edema of the fetlock region, tips of tails and ears were the first symptoms followed by wound formation and necrosis. Cracks also appeared on the hooves, followed by ring formation and overgrowth. The symptoms developed 5-20 days after administration and resembled the reported Degnala disease.

First aid should consist of irrigating the affected area immediately and thoroughly with water. If selenium is inhaled, remove the patient to fresh air and give artificial respiration, if required. If selenium is swallowed, give the patient copious amounts of water. Suitable methods for treating systemic poisoning are singularly lacking. Various substances have been examined and discarded. ... the use of BAL (dimercaprol) is contraindicated. A 10% sodium thiosulfate ointment is recommended for the treatment of burns. /Selenium/

Management of chronic intoxication is supportive with elimination of the selenium source. Dimercaptol and CaNa2EDTA may enhance toxicity. The treatment of ingestions of compounds containing selenious acid (ie, gun bluing solution) is not well studied. Even small amounts of this chemical are potentially lethal. All patients who ingest selenious acid should be evaluated by a physician and should usually be hospitalized for observation. Gun bluing compound containing selenious acid is corrosive and will produce esophageal burns; however, since this acid is a serious systemic poison, the decision to use decontamination measures is based on clinical judgement. Factors to consider in the decision to use these measures include the time since exposure, the amount of spontaneous emesis, the clinical condition of the patient, and the amount ingested. There are no antidotes to selenious acid toxicity; treatment is expectant (cardiopulmonary monitoring in an intensive care setting) and supportive (intravenous infusion, supplemental oxygen and ventilation as needed). /Selenium/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Treat seizures if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Selenium and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of pulmonary edema. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Selenium and related compounds/

0.005

HEAST Archive

0.005

HEAST Archive

LD50 Rat oral 50 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse iv 56 mg/kg

Selenourea

PDF Document

Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential

2009

P103; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when selenourea, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

D010; A solid waste containing selenium (such as selenourea) may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Selenourea is included on this list.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

(AL) ALABAMA 50 ug/l /Selenium/

(AZ) ARIZONA 10 ug/l /Selenium/

(NY) NEW YORK 10 ug/l /Selenium/

(AZ) ARIZONA 45 ug/l /Selenium/

(CT) CONNECTICUT 10 ug/l /Selenium/

(ME) MAINE 10 ug/l /Selenium/

(MN) MINNESOTA 30 ug/l /Selenium/