Carmine
CI 75470 · E120 · CARMINE RED · coccinic acid · CARMINE ALUMINUM LAKE · Carminic · C.I.Naturalred4 · NSC 326224
Identifiers & Physical Properties
| CAS No. | 1260-17-9 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C22H20O13 |
| Average molar mass | 492.4 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic mass | 492.09039069 g/mol |
| SMILES | Cc1c(C(=O)O)c(O)cc2c1C(=O)c1c(O)c([C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)c(O)c(O)c1C2=O |
| InChIKey | DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-NGOCYOHBSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 14749 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1366408 |
| EC No. | 215-724-4 |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| XLogP | 0.5 |
|---|---|
| Topological polar surface area | 243 |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 9 |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 13 |
| Rotatable bonds | 3 |
| Heavy atoms | 35 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 864 |
| Physical Description | Red crystals in methanolbright red powderdeep red color in water[HSDB] |
| Melting point | 136 °C |
| alpha | 15654 +51.6° (water) |
| Boiling point | 506.2°C (rough estimate) |
| Density | 1.4504 (rough estimate) |
| Bulk density | 490kg/m3 |
| Refractive index | 1.6000 (estimate) |
| Flash point | 12℃ |
| Storage conditions | room temp |
| Solubility | 30g/l1.298g/L(room temperature) |
| Colour Index | 75470 |
| Physical state | Crystalline Powder |
| pKa (acidity coefficient) | 1.62±0.20(Predicted) |
| Color | Red to dark red |
| pH | 1.6 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| PH Range | 4.8 - 6.2 |
| optical activity | [α]20/D +3.1°, c = 1 in H2O |
| λmax | 495 nm |
| ε(extinction coefficient) | ≥13000 at 222-228 nm in ethanol at 0.03g/L≥18000 at 275-281nm in ethanol at 0.03g/L |
| Merck | 14,1843 |
| BRN | 71651 |
| Major applications | diagnostic assay manufacturinghematologyhistology |
| InChIKey | DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N |
| SMILES | Cc1c(C(O)=O)c(O)cc2C(=O)c3c(O)c(O)c([C@@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)c(O)c3C(=O)c12 |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | 1.532 (est) |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 1260-17-9 |
| Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) | COCHINEAL EXTRACT (COCCUS CACTI L.) |
| FDA UNII | CID8Z8N95N |
| EPA Substance Registry System | C.I. Natural Red 4 (1260-17-9) |
| UNSPSC Code | 85151701 |
| NACRES | NA.47 |
| GHS pictogram | GHS05 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| GHS hazard statements | H314 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P260-P264-P280-P301+P330+P331-P303+P361+P353-P363-P304+P340-P310-P321-P305+P351+P338-P405-P501 |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US) |
| Safety statements (S) | 22-24/25 |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
| Customs code | 32129000 |
| Storage class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| Hazardous substances data | 1260-17-9(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Safety & Regulations
| GHS classification | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 100% (298 of 298) of all reports.Not ClassifiedReported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 298 of 298 companies. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.Aggregated GHS information provided per 298 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 298 of 298 reports by companies.There are 0 notifications provided by 0 of 298 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. |
|---|---|
| Regulatory information | Chemical: CarmineStatus: Active Update: 13-04-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/28382Carmine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Hazards summary | Anthraquinones are toxic by ingestion and may cause vomiting, diarrhea, kidney and liver damage, and comaDeaths have been reported after children ingested Rhamnus berries[HSDB] Occupational asthma confirmed in workers in dye manufacturing plant[Malo] Cochineal is the dried bodies of the female insect coccus cacti. Carminic acid is the active coloring material, and carmine is the aluminum lake of carminic acid. [HSDB] See Carminic acid and Cochineal. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Not Classified |
| Adverse effects | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.Asthma - Reversible bronchoconstriction (narrowing of bronchioles) initiated by the inhalation of irritating or allergenic agents. |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US) |
| Water hazard class (WGK) |
Applications & Uses
History
CI Natural Red 4(CI 75470), is a red dye occurring as a glycoside in the body of the cochineal insect Dactylopius coccus of the order Homoptera, family Coccidae. This insect is native to Central and South America. The Aztecs had extracted the dye from the insect centuries before the coming of the Spaniards. For breeding purposes, the insects were collected in the autumn and carefully protected during the winter months. Cochineal was harvested after three months, and then the bugs were killed by immersion in hot water, by placing in hot ovens, or by exposure to the hot sun. The latter method produced the highest quality dye. At present, Peru and the Canary Islands are the main source of the dye. Until the advent of synthetic dyes, the principal use for carminic acid was for dyeing tin-mordanted wool or silk. Its aluminum lake, carmine, finds use in the coloring of foods.
Uses
A red glucosidal hydroxyanthrapurin, it is produced naturally within some insects as a defense mechanism.
Uses
Carminic acid (C.I. 75470) For staining nuclei in histological sections. Used to prepare staining solutions. CAS 1260-17-9, pH 1.6 (10g/l, HO, 20°C).
Uses
antineoplastic, glucosyltransferase inhibitor
General Description
Dark purplish-brown mass or bright red or dark red powder. Darkens at 248°F. Deep red color in water. Yellow to violet in acidic aqueous solutions.