Octabenzone

Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Do not let product enter drains.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Avoid breathing dust.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

/Product/ Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. /Contaminated packaging/ Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.Further processing of solid materials may result in the formation of combustible dusts. The potential for combustible dust formation should be taken into consideration before additional processing occurs. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

Residues of 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops only. Use: Light stabilizer. Limit: Not more than 0.2 pt of pesticide formulation.

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Respiratory protection: For nuisance exposures use type P95 (US) or type P1 (EU EN 143) particle respirator. For higher level protection use type OV/AG/P99 (US) or type ABEK-P2 (EU EN 143) respirator cartridges. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Sunscreen compounds with added benefit of skin cancer prevention have both public and commercial interests. ... Earlier study using the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in vitro assay reported on skin cancer chemoprevention potential of benzophenone sunscreens. We now report the in vivo antitumor activity of two of the benzophenone sunscreens which tested positively in the in vitro assay, octabenzone (UV-1) and dioxybenzone (UV-2), in the two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model using (+/-)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[-(E)-hydroxyamino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexanamide (NOR-1) as inducer and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as promoter. Pathogen-free, female hairless mice of HOS:HR-1 strain, 15 animals per control and test groups, were used. Skin tumors were induced by a single dose of NOR-1 (390 nmol in 100 uL of acetone). One week later, TPA (1.7 nmol in 100 uL of acetone) was applied to skin twice weekly for 20 weeks as tumor promoter. The test compounds UV-I or UV-2 were administered at 0.0025% to mice through drinking water ad libitum, starting one week prior to and stopping one week after tumor initiation. All animals were examined weekly for the development of skin papillomas. In both UV-1- and UV-2-treated mice, a two-week delay in tumor appearance, and significant inhibition (p<0.001) of tumor incidence (50% and 60%, respectively) and tumor burden (papilloma inhibition/mouse, 50% and 70%, respectively) were observed when compared to the positive control group. UV-2 (dihydroxy derivative) was a more potent inhibitor of skin tumor than UV-1 (monohydroxy derivative), which followed their antioxidant activity ranking. The results affirm the skin cancer chemoprevention potential of orally-ingested benzophenone sunscreens in mice and warrant studies in humans to validate synergistic protection achievable by complementation of oral and topical sunscreen.

EC50; Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (green algae) 72 hr, static conditions, 0.002 mg/L, biomass.

EC50; Daphnia magna (water flea) 48 hr, semi-static conditions, 0.003 mg/L.

LC50; Oryzias laptipes (rice fish) 96 hr, flow-through conditions 0.0036 mg/L.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6.4X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(2). 2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.38X10-8 mm Hg at 20 °C(3). A 0% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test indicates that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is not readily biodegradable(4). A CO2 evolution study (OECD Guideline 301B) found that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone did biodegrade (5-6% CO2 evolution in 28 days), but was not readily biodegradable(3).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6.4X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(2). According to a classification scheme(4), a BCF range of 70-190 measured in carp (Cyprinus carpio)(5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate to high(SRC). A 0% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test indicates that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is not readily biodegradable(5). A CO2 evolution study (OECD Guideline 301B) found that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone did biodegrade (5-6% CO2 evolution in 28 days), but was not readily biodegradable(6). Measured hydrolysis half-lives of >1 year at pH 4, 7 and 9 and 50 °C(6) indicate that hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process(SRC). 2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is a phenol and phenols in surface waters exposed to sunlight react with photo-oxidants (such as hydroxyl radicals, peroxy radicals and singlet oxygen) with a half-life on the order of 13 days(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone, which has a vapor pressure of 3.38X10-8 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.2X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Since 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is a phenol, vapor-phase degradation with nitrate radicals in nighttime air may be an important fate process(SRC). Vapor-phase phenol reacts with nitrate radicals with a rate constant of 3.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3) which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 0.2 hours(SRC). Particulate-phase 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). 2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is used as a UV absorber to stabilize plastics and coatings(4); therefore, it does absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight, but no rate data are available(SRC).

Safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and use information are available in documents discoverable at https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Octabenzone forms crystals. It is used as UV stabilizer for polyethylene, polypropylene. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Octabenzone did not induce chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes in vitro. ANIMAL STUDIES: The acute oral toxicity of octabenzone in rats was low. Dietary exposure of rats for 14 weeks resulted in kidney effects in males at 100 mg/kg-bw/day. Two 3-month dietary studies in rats showed no adverse effects. In a 30-day dietary study in rats, hematuria was seen at approximately 1220 mg/kg-bw/day. In Beagle dogs, dietary exposure for 124-127 days showed no effects at 150 mg/kg-bw/day. Octabenzone did not induce gene mutations in bacteria. Octabenzone acted as a skin sensitizer based on two guinea pig maximization assays. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: The 96-hour LC50 for fish is = 0.003 mg/L. The 48-hour EC50 for aquatic invertebrates is = 0.003 mg/L. The 72-hour EC50 for aquatic plants = 0.002 mg/L.

EPA has released the first beta version (version 0.5) of the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The beta version of the iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays; Click on the "Chemical Explorer" button on the tool bar to see the data./[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of December 8, 2014: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone can be estimated to be 6.4X10+4(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is expected to be immobile in soil.

/GENOTOXICITY/ Human lymphocytes were exposed to 0, 51, 102, 204, 408, 612 or 816 ug/mL of the test substance with and without metabolic activation. Positive and negative controls were included and the response to positive controls was appropriate. Treatment conditions were one of the following: 4 hours in the presence of metabolic activation with cell harvest after 20 hours, 4 hours in the absence of metabolic activation with cell harvest after 20 hours or 4 hours in the absence of metabolic activation with cell harvest at 24 hours. The study summary reported that test material precipitate was seen at 816 ug/mL in the 4-hour exposure group without metabolic activation. /Test chemical/ did not induce chromosomal aberrations in this assay.

2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone's production and use as a UV absorber to stabilize against deterioration by ultraviolet light in the formulations of inks, coatings, adhesives, sealants, polyurethanes, plastics and polymers(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

AEROBIC: 2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). Using OECD Guideline 301B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test) and a non-adapted activated sludge inoculum, 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone (at 10.7 and 20.2 mg/L) achieved 5-6% CO2 evolution after 28 days of incubation which classified the compound as not readily biodegradable(2).

BCF range of 70-190 was determined in fish for 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone(SRC), using carp (Cyprinus carpio) which were exposed over a 60-day period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF range suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate to high(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is estimated as 1.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). 2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). 2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.38X10-8 mm Hg at 20 °C(3).

Chemical: Methanone, [2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)phenyl]phenyl-

Methanone, [2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)phenyl]phenyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Methanone, [2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)phenyl]phenyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 28-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13351

Octabenzone: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Residues of 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops only. Use: Light stabilizer. Limit: Not more than 0.2 pt of pesticide formulation.