Basic information
- CAS
75980-60-8- Standard SMILES
Cc1cc(C)c(C(=O)P(=O)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)c(C)c1- InChIKey
VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Molecular formula
- C22H21O2P
- Average molar mass
- 348.4 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 348.12791654
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide
- IUPAC
- diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone
- English name
- Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide
- Molecular formula
- C22H21O2P
- Molecular weight
- 348.37
Names & synonyms
75980-60-8Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxidePhosphine oxide, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-DTXSID4052502EINECS 278-355-8B9EIM2D97X2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxidetrimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxideCHIVACURE TPODOUBLECURE TPOADDITOL TPOGENOCURE TPO
Show more names
Photoinitiator TPOTMDPO(Diphenylphosphoryl)(Mesityl)Methanone2,4,6-TRIMETHYLBENZOYLDIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDEbiphenyl(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzoyl)-phosphine oxide2,4,6-TRIMETHYLBENZOYLDIPHENYL PHOSPHINE OXIDE TPODiphenyl(2,4,6-triMethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO)HRcure-TPOSPEEDCURE TPOUV photoinitiator TPO
Methanone, (diphenylphosphinyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-DTXCID8031075EC 278-355-8(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)diphenylphosphine oxide(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINYL)(2,4,6-TRIMETHYLPHENYL)METHANONERefChem:442966TRIMETHYLBENZOYL DIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE [INCI]278-355-8
Database identifiers
- CAS
75980-60-8- PubChem CID
- 166480
- DTXSID
DTXSID4052502- ChEMBL
CHEMBL3561198- UNII
- B9EIM2D97X
- EC Number
- 278-355-8
- Nikkaji
- J240.339K
Properties
Computed structural properties
- XLogP
- 5
- Topological polar surface area
- 34.1 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 2
- Rotatable bonds
- 4
- Heavy atoms
- 25
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 468
Experimental & physicochemical properties
CosmeticsCosmetic ingredients (Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide) -> CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review)
pH4 to 5
Density1.218 g/cm³ at 20 degrees C (OECD 109)
SolubilityWater solubility: 3.3 mg/L at 20 °C (OECD Guideline 105, Flask method) and 11.9 mg/L at 20 °C (OECD Guideline 105, Column elution). Readily soluble in dichloromethane, acetone, n-butylacetate; soluble in styrene and in other monomers.
Boiling PointGreater than 300 degrees C
Melting Point93 degrees C (OECD Guideline 102)
Vapor Pressure3.045 x 10-6 Pa at 25 degrees C
Physical Description
Large Crystals; Liquid; Liquid; CBI; Dry Powder
Solid (yellow powder)
Stability/Shelf LifeAt least two years (cool and dry; light sensitive, to be stored in the dark)
Collision Cross Section191.1 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID4052502]
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 88 · 88-92 °C(lit.)
- Boiling point
- 519.6 · 519.6±60.0 °C(Predicted)
- Density
- 1.12 g/mL · 1.12 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- vapor pressure
- 0 Pa · 0Pa at 25℃
- refractive index
- 20 · n20/D 1.475(lit.)
- Flash point
- 230 °F · >230 °F
- storage temp.
- Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
- solubility
- soluble in Methanol
- form
- powder to crystal
- color
- Light yellow to Yellow to Green
- Water Solubility
- 3.4 mg/L · 3.4mg/L at 20℃
- λmax
- 400 nm · 400nm(DMF)(lit.)
- Stability
- Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
- Cosmetics Ingredients Functions
- NAIL SCULPTING
- InChI
- 1S/C22H21O2P/c1-16-14-17(2)21(18(3)15-16)22(23)25(24,19-10-6-4-7-11-19)20-12-8-5-9-13-20/h4-15H,1-3H3
- InChIKey
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- Cc1cc(C)c(c(C)c1)C(=O)P(=O)(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3
- LogP
- 3.1 at · 3.1 at 23℃
- Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) Candidate List
- diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (75980-60-8)
- CAS DataBase Reference
- 75980 · 75980-60-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
- EWG's Food Scores
- 1 · 1
- FDA UNII
- 9 EIM2D97X · B9EIM2D97X
- EPA Substance Registry System
- Phosphine oxide, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)- (75980-60-8)
- UNSPSC Code
- 12162002 · 12162002
- NACRES
- 23 · NA.23
- Symbol(GHS)
- 7 · GHS07,GHS08,GHS09
- Signal word
- Warning
- Hazard statements
- 317 · H317-H361f-H411
- Precautionary statements
- 202 · P202-P261-P273-P280-P302+P352-P308+P313
- PPE
- 95 · Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
- Hazard Codes
- Xn,N
- Risk Statements
- 22 · 22-62-51/53
- Safety Statements
- 22 · 22-24/25-61-36/37
- RIDADR
- 3077 · UN 3077 9 / PGIII
- WGK Germany
- 2 · 2
- RTECS
- 395000 · SZ0395000
- TSCA
- TSCA listed
- HazardClass
- 9 · 9
- PackingGroup
- III
- HS Code
- 29319090 · 29319090
- Storage Class
- 11 · 11 - Combustible Solids
- Hazard Classifications
- 2 Repr · Aquatic Chronic 2Repr. 2Skin Sens. 1
- REACH Registrations
- Active
- Limited Quantities
- 5 kg · 5.0 kg (11 lbs) (solid)
- Excepted Quantities
- Max Inner Pack (30g or 30ml) and Max Outer Pack (1Kg or 1L)
Safety & regulation
GHS classification
GHS Classification
Danger
H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]
P203, P261, P272, P280, P302+P352, P318, P321, P333+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.4% (13 of 3088) of reports.
Warning
H317 (12.5%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]
Hazard information
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Phosphine oxide, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-
Hazard Traits - Reproductive Toxicity
Methanone, (diphenylphosphinyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Methanone, (diphenylphosphinyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
PMN - indicates a commenced PMN (Pre-Manufacture Notices) substance.
Status: Active Update: 03-03-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13110
Substance: diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Phosphine oxide, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-: Human health tier II assessment
Hazard Classes and Categories
Skin Sens. 1 (12.5%)
Reproductive toxicity - category 2
Repr. 1B
Toxicology
Toxicity Summary
A 2014 Expert Opinion by the European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) noted that the acute oral LD50 of Trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO) in rats was greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight, the dermal LD50 in rats was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight, and that no data are available for acute inhalation toxicity. Also, the 2014 Expert Opinion described 28-day and 90-day oral studies in rats. The NOAEL in the 28-day study was 50 mg/kg body weight/day and the NOAEL in the 90-day study was 100 mg/kg body weight/day. Further, TPO showed irritation potential to rabbit skin and rabbit eyes, showed moderate sensitization potential in a Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) test in mice, and showed no genotoxic/mutagenic potential in bacterial gene mutation and Chinese hamster V79 cell assays. In addition, the 2014 Expert Opinion noted that no carcinogenicity are available while repeated dose toxicity studies in rats found marked testicular atrophy. The 2014 Expert Opinion concluded that Trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO) is safe when used as a nail modelling product at a concentration of at maximum 5.0%. However, the 2014 SCCS Expert Opinion noted that TPO is considered a moderate skin sensitizer and that other potential uses in cosmetic products cannot be evaluated without further documentation. Further evaluation led to the European Commission prohibitiing the use of TPO in cosmetic products beginning on September 1, 2025 (via the adoption of Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/877). This was the result of TPO being classified as a CMR category 1B reproductive toxicant by Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/197 under the CLP Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008), and this classification triggered the mandatory inclusion of TPO in Annex II (prohibited substances) of the Cosmetics Regulation via Regulation (EU) 2025/877.
Non-Human Toxicity ValuesTrimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide caused concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects in human oral keratinocytes (OKF6/Tert2) and Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79), but did not induce genotoxicity in V79 cells.
Safety data
- PPE
- Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
- wgk
- 2
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- rtecs
- SZ0395000
- ridadr
- UN 3077 9 / PGIII
- hs_code
- 29319090
- risk_code
- 22-62-51/53
- Signal word
- Warning
- Symbol(GHS)
- GHS07,GHS08,GHS09
- hazard_code
- Xn,N
- safety_code
- 22-24/25-61-36/37
- hazard_class
- 9
- Storage Class
- 11 - Combustible Solids
- packing_group
- III
- Hazard statements
- H317-H361f-H411
- Limited Quantities
- 5.0 kg (11 lbs) (solid)
- Excepted Quantities
- Max Inner Pack (30g or 30ml) and Max Outer Pack (1Kg or 1L)
- REACH Registrations
- Active
- Hazard Classifications
- Aquatic Chronic 2Repr. 2Skin Sens. 1
- Precautionary statements
- P202-P261-P273-P280-P302+P352-P308+P313
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
A 2021 review describes in detail the mechanism of actionr of trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide as a type-1 photoinitiator in dental resin composites. It undergoes rapid cleavage from a triplet excited state to yield two radicals (trimethylbenzoyl radical and diphenylphosphinoyl radical) that initiate polymerization.
Uses & manufacturing
UsesCIR ingredient: Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide
U.S. Production2023: 1,000,000 - <2,500,000 lb
Consumer Uses
Solvent
The European Commission prohibited the use of TPO in cosmetic products beginning on September 1, 2025 (via the adoption of Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/877). This was the result of TPO being classified as a CMR category 1B reproductive toxicant by Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/197 under the CLP Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008), and this classification triggered the mandatory inclusion of TPO in Annex II (prohibited substances) of the Cosmetics Regulation via Regulation (EU) 2025/877.
Industry Uses
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
A 2021 review describes use as a photoinitiator in dental resin composites.
Household ProductsCosmetics product ingredient: Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (Trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide)
General Manufacturing Information
Printing Ink Manufacturing
Methanone, (diphenylphosphinyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-: ACTIVE
Applications
UsesTPO can be used in the photo-crosslinking of PMMA composite, which can further be used as a gate insulator in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). It can also be used in the formation of UV curable urethane-acrylate coatings. It may also be used in the photoinduced reaction for the formation of organophosphine compounds, which potentially find their usage as ligands with metal catalysts and reagents.
UsesDiphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide is a photo initiator, used in many kinds of ink industries
General DescriptionDiphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) is a monoacylphosphine oxide based photoinitiator that can be incorporated in a variety of polymeric matrixes for efficient curing and color stability of the resin.
Upstream & downstream products
Upstream raw materials
Downstream products
Suppliers100 total
梯希爱(上海)化成工业发展有限公司021-67121386 · [email protected]
衢州润东化工有限公司0570-8789886 18892685668 · [email protected]
上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司400-6206333 13167063860 · [email protected]
INTATRADE GmbH+49 3493/605464 · [email protected]
T&W GROUP021-61551611 13296011611 · [email protected]
江苏能越新材料科技有限公司13376001577 · [email protected]
北京安司莫森技术有限公司010-82954736 13391601435 · [email protected]
韶远科技（上海）有限公司021-50795510 4000665055 · [email protected]
Syntechem Co.,Ltd[email protected]
上海迈瑞尔生化科技有限公司4006356688 18621169109 · [email protected]
天津中信凯泰化工有限公司022-66880623 · [email protected]
武汉市聚舜化工有限公司027-02783261126 18971318572 · [email protected]
成都傲飞生物化学品有限责任公司+86-028-60911900 13540204019 · [email protected]
苏州索森新材料科技有限公司18357035212 · [email protected]
上海瀚鸿科技股份有限公司021-54306202 13764082696 · [email protected]
吉良化学21-62165282 · [email protected]
上海诺太医药科技有限公司021-50189163 · [email protected]
武汉丰泰威远科技有限公司027-87465837 19945049750 · [email protected]
维思普新材料（苏州）有限公司0512-62868052 13092604480 · [email protected]
孝感深远化工有限公司15527621225; 15527621225 · [email protected]
恒桥产业股份有限公司025-84712192 · [email protected]
山东西亚化学有限公司13355009207 13355009207 · [email protected]
玛雅试剂+86 (573) 82222445 (0)18006601000 452520369 · [email protected]
四川库利南科技有限公司400-1166-196 18981987031 · [email protected]
天津希恩思生化科技有限公司400 638 7771 · [email protected]
武汉科美沃化工有限公司027-85736489 · [email protected]
河南多贝化工有限公司0370-2785118 17550508557 · [email protected]
上海源叶生物科技有限公司13636370518 · [email protected]
艾科试剂4008-755-333 18080918076 · [email protected]
上海思域化工科技有限公司86-21-34053660 · [email protected]
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南京诺利斯医药科技有限公司13901585132 · [email protected]
上海健超生物科技有限公司150-2103-5486 18017383231 · [email protected]
TCI AMERICA800-4238616 · [email protected]
TOKYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD.03-36680489 · [email protected]
TCI Europe320-37350700 · [email protected]
湖北鑫源顺医药化工有限公司13971561712, 13995564702, 027-50664929 · [email protected]
上海将来实业股份有限公司021-61552785 · [email protected]
安徽科迪达化工有限公司0554-2106669 · [email protected]
HBCChem, Inc.+1-510-219-6317 · [email protected]
郑州鸿晟医药科技有限公司0371-0371-13526885213 15637198702 · [email protected]
青岛德达志成化工有限公司18766299236 · [email protected]
上海石洋化工有限公司021-56795766 · [email protected]
常州市尚科医药化工材料有限公司0519-85269522 15906111708 · [email protected]
成都零六生物科技有限公司400-1166-196 13458535857 · [email protected]
北京福源坊科技有限公司010-57903446 15869909019 · [email protected]
济南鲁欣化工科技有限公司0531-0531-82929600 18615510361 · [email protected]
无锡海伦生物科技有限公司0510-85629785 18051595327 · [email protected]
上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司15221275939 15221275939 · [email protected]
杭州杰恒化工有限公司0571-87396432 · [email protected]
Related reactions
9 records
Compound notes
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