Cypromid

The Koc of cypromid is estimated as 2,900(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.83(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that cypromid is expected to have slight mobility in soil.

An estimated BCF of 480 was calculated for cypromid(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.83(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for cypromid is estimated as 2.6X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that cypromid is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Cypromid's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces will not occur(SRC). Cypromid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 3.7X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cypromid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.8 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since cypromid lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Cypromid does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and would not be expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since cypromid is no longer produced or used. In the past, cypromid was applied directly to the plants as an herbicide and exposure to this compound was primarily by inhalation and dermal contact. (SRC)

Cypromid's former production and use as a herbicide resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 3.7X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates cypromid will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cypromid will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.8 days. Particulate-phase cypromid will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. Cypromid does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and would not be expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, cypromid is expected to have slight mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 2,900. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.6X10-9 atm-cu m/mole. Cypromid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, cypromid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. An estimated BCF of 480 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since cypromid lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since cypromid is no longer produced or used. In the past, cypromid was applied directly to the plants as an herbicide and exposure to this compound was primarily by inhalation and dermal contact. (SRC)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/