C.I. Disperse Yellow 3

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

COLOR FROM DISPERSE YELLOW 3 WAS REMOVED BY COAGULATION WITH CATIONIC POLYMERS, EG NALCO 603, NALCO 7132, & CAT-FLOC. POLYMER REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPERSE DYES ARE DETERMINED BY CONCN OF DISPERSING AGENT, EG REAX 85A.

CATIONIC POLYMERS & ALUM EFFECTIVELY DESTABILIZED DISPERSE YELLOW 3 OVER BROAD PH RANGE. RELATION BETWEEN OPTIMUM DOSAGE OF EACH CATIONIC POLYMER & DISPERSANT CONCN WAS DIRECT OR STOICHIOMETRIC.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge, i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter). (NTP, 1992)

The CIR Panel concludes that the available data are insufficient to support the safety of Disperse Yellow 3 for use in cosmetic products.

The available data are insufficient to support safety, but the ingredient is not used

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=2832-40-8]

IT APPEARS TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ALLERGIC, CONTACT TYPE DERMATITIS INDUCED BY NYLON STOCKINGS TINTED BY THIS COLOR. CROSS HYPERSENSITIVITY WAS FOUND WITH PARA-PHENYLENEDIAMINE AMONGST 13 REPORTED CASES OF SENSITIVITY TO CI DISPERSE YELLOW 3.

CLOTHING CONTACT ALLERGY TO DISPERSE YELLOW 3 IS OBSERVED. LITERATURE INDICATES ALLERGY CONFINED TO FEMALES, CASES OBSERVED HAVE SHOWN THAT IT CAN ALSO AFFECT MALES. CHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS (CHROMATOGRAPHY, IR & NMR SPECTRA) & ALLERGOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION SHOW THAT THE DYE ITSELF IS SENSITIZER, & NOT ANY IMPURITIES.

Most organic azo dyes are potential skin sensitizers, the most important of which are paraphenylenediamine and its analogs. Water soluble azo dyes are more likely to cause clinical sensitization than insoluble dyes. ... In addition to allergic eczematous contact dermatitis, color developing solutions have caused lichen planus like eruptions. /Organic dyes/

The prevalence of textile dye contact sensitization was studied in 145 patients suspected of having allergic contact dermatitis from textile chemicals and in 576 patients with various eczemas. In patch tests, 23 allergic contact dermatitis patients (15.9%) reacted to at least one dye. All showed strong reactions. The dyes producing the most reactions were Disperse Blue 124, Disperse Red 1, Disperse Orange 3, and Disperse Yellow 3. Patch testing of the eczematous patients with these four dyes and a standard series elicited reactions in 19 with eight patients reacting to dyes only. Disperse Blue 124 produced the most reactions in this group. In the standard series, para-phenylenediamine produced the most positive reactions. All para-phenylenediamine positive subjects also reacted to Disperse Orange 3; this was considered to be a cross reaction. It was suggested that contact sensitization to textile disperse dyes is not rare. Females appear to be more susceptible to developing a contact allergy to textile disperse dyes than males.

Disperse Yellow 3

Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

Volume 48: (1990) Some Flame Retardants and Textile Chemicals, and Exposures in the Textile Manufacturing Industry

1990

1989

C.I. Disperse Yellow 3

1 ADENOMA & 6 CARCINOMAS OF BLADDER ... IN 7/23 STOCK MICE SURVIVING 25 WK AFTER IMPLANTATION OF PELLETS OF CI DISPERSE YELLOW 3 IN CHOLESTEROL. ... 4 PAPILLOMAS & 5 CARCINOMAS OF BLADDER OCCURRED IN 77 MICE GIVEN IMPLANTS OF CHOLESTEROL ALONE & SURVIVING @ 25 WK. RESULTS WERE OF BORDERLINE SIGNIFICANCE.

POLLUTANT IN RIVER WATER SUPPLY OF NORTHERN GEORGIA CAUSED ABERRATIONS IN SQUASH PREPN FROM R CLAMITANS, INCL ARE GAPS, DICENTRICS, RINGS & BREAKS.

Evaluation: There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of Disperse Yellow 3 in experimental animals. No data were available from studies in humans on the carcinogenicity of Disperse Yellow 3. Overall evaluation: Disperse Yellow 3 is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

A carcinogenesis bioassay of C. I. Disperse Yellow 3 (87.6% dye), a textile dye, was conducted by feeding diets containing 5,000 or 10,000 ppm of the test substance to groups of 50 F344 rats of either sex for 103 weeks. Similar groups of 50 B6C3F1 mice received diets containing 2,500 or 5,000 ppm of the test substance for 103 weeks. Groups of 50 untreated rats and mice of each sex served as controls. Throughout the bioassay, mean body weights of dosed rats and mice of either sex were lower than those of the controls. Survival of dosed rats of either sex was significantly greater than that of the corresponding controls. No other compound-related clinical signs or effects on survival were observed. Under the conditions of this bioassay, C. I. Disperse Yellow 3 was considered carcinogenic for male F344 rats, causing an increased incidence of neoplastic nodules of the liver; this dye was not carcinogenic for female F344 rats. In addition, the stomach tumors found in the male rats may have been induced by the administration of the test chemical. C. I. Disperse Yellow 3 was carcinogenic for female B6C3F1 mice, as evidenced by the increased incidence of hepatocellular adenomas; C. I. Disperse Yellow 3 was not carcinogenic for male B6C3F1 mice. Also, the increased incidence of lymphoma in female mice may have been associated with the administration of C. I. Disperse Yellow 3.