3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl
Basic information
- CAS
2974-92-7- Standard SMILES
Clc1ccc(-c2ccccc2)cc1Cl- InChIKey
ZGHQUYZPMWMLBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Molecular formula
- C12H8Cl2
- Average molar mass
- 223.09 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 222.0003056
Overview
3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl is one of 209 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). PCBs are a group of synthetic organic compounds with 1-10 chlorine atoms attached to biphenyl. They were manufactured as commercial mixtures but banned in the 1970's because they were found to bioaccumulate and cause harmful health effects. However, PCBs do not break down readily and are still found in the environment. (L4)
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- 3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl
- IUPAC
- 1,2-dichloro-4-phenylbenzene
- English name
- 3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl
- Molecular formula
- C12H8Cl2
- Molecular weight
- 223.1
Names & synonyms
3,4-DICHLOROBIPHENYL3,4-Dichloro-1,1'-biphenyl1,1'-Biphenyl, 3,4-dichloro-Biphenyl, 3,4-dichloro-UNII-PSW7P9K6HPPSW7P9K6HPNSC 249832NSC-249832DTXSID6073310RefChem:53620DTXCID30380602974-92-7
Show more names
BZNO 123,4-PCBPCB NO 12BALLSCHMITER NO 123,4-DICHLOROPHENYL3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl-d5
1,2-dichloro-4-phenylbenzenePCB 123,1'-biphenylNSC249832Biphenyl,4-dichloro-1, 3,4-dichloro-3,4-DicbPcb No. 12
Database identifiers
- CAS
2974-92-7- PubChem CID
- 18102
- DTXSID
DTXSID6073310- UNII
- PSW7P9K6HP
- EC Number
- 630-498-0
- Nikkaji
- J80.605F
Properties
Computed structural properties
- XLogP
- 5.3
- Topological polar surface area
- 0 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 0
- Rotatable bonds
- 1
- Heavy atoms
- 14
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 175
Experimental & physicochemical properties
SpringerMaterials Properties13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
LogP5.11
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 49.5 °C · 49.5°C
- Boiling point
- 289.78 °C · 289.78°C (rough estimate)
- Density
- 1.249 · 1.2490 (rough estimate)
- refractive index
- 1.594 · 1.5940 (rough estimate)
- Water Solubility
- 7.92 ug/L · 7.92ug/L(25 ºC)
- Henry's Law Constant
- 7 · 7.0×10-2 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Brunner et al. (1990)
- CAS DataBase Reference
- 2974 · 2974-92-7
- FDA UNII
- 7 P9K6HP · PSW7P9K6HP
- NIST Chemistry Reference
- 1 · 1,1'-Biphenyl, 3,4-dichloro-(2974-92-7)
- EPA Substance Registry System
- 3 · 3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl (2974-92-7)
Safety & regulation
Safety information is for reference only and does not replace the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS), applicable regulations, or professional assessment.
GHS classification
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 7.3% (3 of 41) of reports.
Warning
H373 (92.7%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
P260, P273, P319, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 41 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Hazard information
Hazard Classes and CategoriesSTOT RE 2 (92.7%)
Safety & protection
Minimum Risk LevelIntermediate Oral: 0.03 ug/kg/day (L134)
Toxicology
Treatment
There are no specific treatments for PCB poisoning, since it is not usually recognized until after substantial chronic exposure. Only preventing further exposure and treating the observed symptoms can be done. Acute inhalation can be treated by administering oxygen. (L4)
Health Effects
The most common health effects of PCBs are skin conditions such as chloracne and rashes. Chronic PCB exposure has also been shown to cause liver, stomach and kidney, damage, jaundice, edema, anemia, changes in the immune system, behavioral alterations, and impaired reproduction. (L4)
Exposure Routes
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
Metabolism/Metabolites
PCBs are absorbed via inhalation, oral, and dermal routes of exposure. They are trasported in the blood, often bound to albumin. Due to their lipophilic nature they tend to accumulate in lipid-rich tissues, such as the liver, adipose, and skin. Metabolism of PCBs is very slow and varies based on the degree and position of chlorination. PCBs are metabolized by the microsomal monooxygenase system catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 enzymes to polar metabolites that can undergo conjugation with glutathione and glucuronic acid. The major metabolites are hydroxylated products which are excreted in the bile and faeces. The slow metabolism of PCBs means they tend to accumulate in body tissues. (L4, T6)
Uses & manufacturing
Uses
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
Applications
Uses3,4-Dichlorobiphenyl is a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners.
Upstream & downstream products
Upstream raw materials
Suppliers
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Related reactions
1 records
Compound notes
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