Bromophos-ethyl

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baseline; Butylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baseline; Sample at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

ANY MATERIAL SPILLED ON SKIN SHOULD BE IMMEDIATELY REMOVED WITH SOAP & WATER. WHEN SPRAYING & DUSTING...CONTAMINATED CLOTHING SHOULD BE CHANGED FREQUENTLY. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/

CONTAINERS ... SHOULD BE CLEANED WITH A SUSPENSION OF BLEACHING POWDER IN WATER OR WITH OTHER ALKALINE SOLN AFTER SOAKING FOR 24 HR AND THEN BE RINSED WITH HOT WATER. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/

THE STRICT OBSERVANCE OF HYGIENE RULES- NO SMOKING AND NO FOOD INTAKE DURING WORK, THOROUGH WASHING WITH SOAP AFTER WORK, CHANGING PROTECTIVE CLOTHING BEFORE GOING HOME- IS OF THE UTMOST IMPORTANCE. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/

THE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING SHOULD BE KEPT IN SEPARATE PLACES WHERE IT CANNOT BE CONTAMINATED WITH TOXIC CHEMICALS. IT SHOULD BE FORBIDDEN TO KEEP THIS CLOTHING IN LIVING QUARTERS. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING MUST BE WASHED AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK AND EACH TIME IT IS CONTAMINATED WITH PESTICIDES. BEFORE WASHING THE CLOTHING SHOULD BE SOAKED FOR SEVERAL HOURS IN A CALCIUM CARBONATE SOLUTION. /PESTICIDES/

USE OF RUBBER GLOVES, GOGGLES, RESPIRATOR &...PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/

WORKERS HANDLING AND APPLYING ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES ... MUST BE GIVEN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT COMPRISING OVERALLS MADE OF A TIGHT FABRIC OR POLYVINYL CHLORIDE, GLOVES AND RUBBER BOOTS. THEY MUST WEAR A RESPIRATOR WITH AN ACTIVATED-CARBON GAS FILTER CARTRIDGE AFFORDING PROTECTION FOR A DETERMINED NUMBER OF WORKING HOURS. THE EYES SHOULD BE PROTECTED BY GOGGLES. ... /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/

LD50 Quail oral 200 mg/kg

LC50 Guppy 0.14-0.24 mg/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Rainbow trout > 0.4 mg/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 54,000(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 6.15(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that bromophos-ethyl is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of bromophos-ethyl from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(4), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Bromophos-ethyl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 4.60X10-5 mm Hg(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 54,000(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 6.15(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that bromophos-ethyl is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(4), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 73 hrs and 40 days, respectively(SRC). However, the volatilization half-life does not take into account the effects of adsorption. An estimated KOC of 54,000(SRC) from a log Kow of 6.15(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests that volatilization could be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediments in water(SRC). This is apparent from the results of two EXAMS model runs, one in which the effect of adsorption was considered, yielding an estimated half-life of 25 years in a model pond 2 m deep, and one in which the effects of adsorption was ignored, yielding an estimated half-life of 51 days in a model pond 2 m deep(7). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 1.0X10+4(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bromophos-ethyl, which has a vapor pressure of 4.60X10-5 mm Hg at 30 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase bromophos-ethyl is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 9.0X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3) determined using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase bromophos-ethyl may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

The average daily intake (AVDI) of bromophos-ethyl in 8 population groups in 1982-1984 was determined according to the FDA's monitoring program for chemical contaminants in the US food supply (Total Diet Study or Market Basket Study). In 6-11 month old infants, 2 yr old toddlers, 14-16 year old females, 14-16 year old males, 25-30 year old females, 25-30 year old males, 60-65 year old females, and 60-65 year old males, the AVDI was <0.1 ng/kg body weight per day(1).

Workers handling & applying pesticides must undergo an annual medical examination at the beginning of each agricultural season. /SRP: Protect from exposure those individuals with/ organic diseases of the central nervous system, mental disorders & epilepsy, pronounced endocrine & vegetative disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases & circulatory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer), gastroenterocolitis, diseases of liver & kidneys, eye diseases (chronic conjunctivitis & keratitis). The blood cholinesterase activity must be determined before work starts. In the event of prolonged work periods, this activity should be determined at intervals of 3-4 days. Persons exhibiting a fall in cholinesterase activity of 25% or more must be transferred to other work where they are not exposed to organophosphorus pesticides until this activity is completely restored. Persons with initial signs of indisposition should cease work with pesticides. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

The Koc of bromophos-ethyl is estimated as 54,000(SRC), using a log Kow of 6.15(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that bromophos-ethyl is expected to be immobile in soil.

All the organophosphorus insecticides have a cumulative effect by progressive inhibition of cholinesterase ... /Organophosphorus insecticides/

The symptoms of chronic poisoning due to organophosphorus pesticides include headache, weakness, feeling of heaviness in head, decline of memory, quick onset of fatigue, disturbed sleep, loss of appetite, & loss of orientation. Psychic disorders, nystagmus, trembling of the hands & other nervous system disorders can be observed in certain cases. Sometimes neuritis, paresis & paralysis develop. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

Toxic effects may include anorexia, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, incontinence, eye changes, weakness, dyspnea, bronchospasm, lacrimation, increased salivation & sweating, bradycardia, hypotension or hypertension due to asphyxia, cyanosis, & muscular twitching of the eyelids, tongue, face, & neck, possibly progressing to convulsions. Central nervous system symptoms include restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, drowsiness, tremor, ataxia, depression, confusion, & coma. Death may occur from depression of the respiratory or cardiovascular system. Neuropathy appears to be a rare problem with the organophosphorus insecticides now in use. /Organophosphorus insecticides/

Organophosphate insecticides ... are potent cholinesterase enzyme inhibitors that act by interfering with the metabolism of acetylcholine, which results in accumulation of acetylcholine at neuroreceptor transmission sites. Exposure produces a broad spectrum of clinical effects indicative of massive overstimulation of the chlorinergic system, including muscarinic effects (parasympathetic), nicotinic effects (sympathetic and motor), and CNS effects. These effects present clinically as feeling of headache, weakness, dizziness, blurred vision, psychosis, respiratory difficulty, paralysis, convulsions, and coma. Typical findings are given by the mnemonic "SLUD." which stands for salivation, lacrimation, urination, and defecation. A small percentage of patients may fail to demonstrate miosis, a classic diagnostic hallmark. Onset of clinical manifestation of organophosphate poisoning usually occurs within 12 hours of exposure. /Organophosphate insecticides/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BROMOPHOS-ETHYL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

An estimated BCF of 1.0X10+4 was calculated for bromophos-ethyl(SRC), using a log Kow of 6.15(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high.

Used as acaricide, insecticide, and larvicide for fruit, vegetables, field crops, ornamentals, forestry, public health (i.e. flies and mosquitoes), animal houses, and animal dips; [HSDB]

No longer registered as a pesticide for use in the US; [HSDB]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For Bromophos-ethyl (USEPA PC Code 214500) there are 0 labels match./SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S./

Acaricide, insecticide, larvicide /Former use/

Control of Diptera, Hemiptera, some Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, some other insects, and mites in fruit, vegetables, field crops, ornamentals, and forestry. Also used in public health for control of flies, mosquito larvae, etc; for control of insects in animal houses; and as an animal ectoparasiticide. /former uses/

Trade Names: Filariol, Nexagan.

Emulsifiable concentrate; wettable powder; granules; cold fogging concentrate; ultra-low vol liquid.

Emulsifiable concentrate (400 or 800 g ai/l), wettable powder (250 g/kg); granules (50 g/kg); cold fogging concentrate (800-900 g/l); animal dips (400 g/l).

Discontinued by Shell Agrar GmbH & Co KG

... Compatible with other pesticides except sulfur and organometal fungicides.

Material believed to be no longer manufactured, or marketed for crop protection use