Basic information
- Standard SMILES
NN.O- InChIKey
IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Molecular formula
- H4N2.H2O
- Average molar mass
- 50.061 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 50.04801281
Overview
Hydrazine hydrate is a hydrate. It contains a hydrazine.
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- Hydrazine hydrate (1:1)
- IUPAC
- hydrazine;hydrate
- English name
- Hydrazine hydrate
- Molecular formula
- H4N2.H2O
- Molecular weight
- 50.06
Names & synonyms
Hydrazine hydrate7803-57-8Hydrazine hydroxideHYDRAZINE, MONOHYDRATEIdrazina idrataKYD297831PHydrazine hydrate (1:1)DTXSID9037240CHEBI:35511Hydrazine, hydrate (6CI,7CI)RefChem:5889DTXCID7017240
Show more names
Diamid hydrateHydrazine, hydrate (1:1)DiamideHydrateDiamineHydrateidrazinaidrataJACS-7803-57-8HYDRAZINE1-HYDRATEhydrazinehydroxide
DTXSID901014833Hydrazinium hydroxideHydrazine monohydrate10217-52-4hydrazine;hydrateHydrazine, hydratehydraziniumhydroxideMFCD00149931
Database identifiers
- CAS
10217-52-4、7803-57-8- PubChem CID
- 24654
- DTXSID
DTXSID9037240- ChEBI
CHEBI:35511- UNII
- KYD297831P
- EC Number
- 600-285-7、616-584-0
Properties
Computed structural properties
- Topological polar surface area
- 53 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 3
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 3
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Heavy atoms
- 3
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 0
Experimental & physicochemical properties
Chemical Classes
Nitrogen Compounds -> Hydrazines
Corrosives
Density1.03 @ 21°C
Boiling Point119 °C @760 [mm Hg]
Melting Point-51.7 °C
Physical Description
Liquid; Other Solid; Liquid
A colorless fuming liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor; Corresponds to a 64% aqueous solution of hydrazine in water; [CAMEO]
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 51.7 °C · −51.7 °C(lit.)
- Boiling point
- 120.1 °C · 120.1 °C(lit.)
- Density
- 1.03 g/mL · 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
- vapor density
- 1 · >1 (vs air)
- vapor pressure
- 5 mm · 5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
- refractive index
- 20 · n20/D 1.428(lit.)
- Flash point
- 204 °F · 204 °F
- storage temp.
- 0 · 0-6°C
- solubility
- Acetonitrile (Sparingly), DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)
- pka
- 8.2 · 8.20
- form
- fuming liquid
- Specific Gravity
- 1.032 · 1.032
- color
- fuming liquid
- PH
- 10 · 10-11 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
- explosive limit
- 3.4 · >3.4-99%(V)
- Water Solubility
- Soluble in chloroform, DMSO, methanol. Slightly soluble in water.
- Merck
- 14 · 14,4771
- BRN
- 878137 · 878137
- Stability
- Stability Incompatible with a wide variety of materials, including oxidizing agents, heavy metal oxides, dehydrating agents, alkali metals, rust, silver salts. Combustible. Contact with many materials may cause fire or explosive decomposition. May react explosively with a variety of materials, including dehydrating agents, heavy metal ox
- InChI
- 1S/H4N2.H2O/c1-2;/h1-2H2;1H2
- InChIKey
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- O.NN
- Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) Candidate List
- Hydrazine (7803-57-8)
- CAS DataBase Reference
- 7803 · 7803-57-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
- FDA UNII
- 297831 P · KYD297831P
- EPA Substance Registry System
- Hydrazine monohydrate (7803-57-8)
- UNSPSC Code
- 12352305 · 12352305
- NACRES
- 22 · NA.22
- Symbol(GHS)
- 2 · GHS02,GHS05,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
- Signal word
- Danger
- Hazard statements
- 226 · H226-H301+H311-H314-H317-H330-H350-H410
- Precautionary statements
- 210 · P210-P273-P280-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310-P305+P351+P338
- PPE
- Faceshields, Gloves, Goggles, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
- Hazard Codes
- T,N
- Risk Statements
- 45 · 45-20/21/22-34-43-51/53-50/53-23/24/25-10
- Safety Statements
- 53 · 53-45-60-61-36/37/39-26
- RIDADR
- 2030 · UN 2030 8/PG I/II/III (HYDRAZINE AQUEOUS SOLUTION with more than 37 % hydrazine, by mass)
- WGK Germany
- 3 · 3
- RTECS
- 8050000 · MV8050000
- F
- 23 · 23
- Autoignition Temperature
- 280 °C · 280 °C
- TSCA
- Yes
- HazardClass
- 8 · 8
- PackingGroup
- II
- HS Code
- 28251000 · 28251000
- Storage Class
- 3 · 3 - Flammable liquids
- Hazard Classifications
- 2 InhalationAcute · Acute Tox. 2 InhalationAcute Tox. 3 DermalAcute Tox. 3 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Carc. 1BEye Dam. 1Flam. Liq. 3Skin Corr. 1BSkin Sens. 1
- Toxicity
- 50 orally · LD50 orally in Rabbit: 169 mg/kg
- Limited Quantities
- 1 L · 1.0 L (0.3 gallons) (liquid) or 1 Kg (2.2 lbs) (solid)
- Excepted Quantities
- Not Permitted as Excepted Quantity
Safety & regulation
GHS classification
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.5% (1 of 214) of reports.
Danger
H226 (95.3%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P320, P321, P330, P333+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 214 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 11.1% (1 of 9) of reports.
Hazard information
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Hydrazine, monohydrate
Hydrazine, monohydrate is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Hydrazine, monohydrate are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Hydrazine, monohydrate: HSNO Approval: HSR007167 Approved with controls
Hydrazine, monohydrate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Hydrazine: Human health tier II assessment
Hazards Summary
Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption; [CAMEO] A very strong reducing agent and violent poison; May cause delayed eye irritation; [Merck Index] Causes methemoglobinemia and liver injury in 28-day oral study of rats at 30 mg/kg/day; [JECDB] Causes excitement and muscle contraction or spasticity in oral lethal-dose studies of guinea pigs, mice, rabbits, and rats; [RTECS] Causes burns; Inhalation may cause corrosive injuries to upper respiratory tract and lungs; May cause skin sensitization; Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption; [Alfa Aesar MSDS] See Hydrazine.
Hazard Classes and Categories
Flam. Liq. 3 (44.4%)
Flam. Liq. 3 (95.3%)
Acute toxicity - category 3
Flammable liquids - Category 4
Carcinogenicity - Category 1B
Flammable liquids - Category 4
Safety & protection
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)
0.10 [ppm]
13 [ppm]
35 [ppm]
Toxicology
Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Safety data
- F
- 23
- PPE
- Faceshields, Gloves, Goggles, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
- wgk
- 3
- tsca
- Yes
- rtecs
- MV8050000
- ridadr
- UN 2030 8/PG I/II/III (HYDRAZINE AQUEOUS SOLUTION with more than 37 % hydrazine, by mass)
- hs_code
- 28251000
- Toxicity
- LD50 orally in Rabbit: 169 mg/kg
- risk_code
- 45-20/21/22-34-43-51/53-50/53-23/24/25-10
- Signal word
- Danger
- Symbol(GHS)
- GHS02,GHS05,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
- hazard_code
- T,N
- safety_code
- 53-45-60-61-36/37/39-26
- hazard_class
- 8
- Storage Class
- 3 - Flammable liquids
- packing_group
- II
- Hazard statements
- H226-H301+H311-H314-H317-H330-H350-H410
- Limited Quantities
- 1.0 L (0.3 gallons) (liquid) or 1 Kg (2.2 lbs) (solid)
- Excepted Quantities
- Not Permitted as Excepted Quantity
- Hazard Classifications
- Acute Tox. 2 InhalationAcute Tox. 3 DermalAcute Tox. 3 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Carc. 1BEye Dam. 1Flam. Liq. 3Skin Corr. 1BSkin Sens. 1
- Autoignition Temperature
- 280 °C
- Precautionary statements
- P210-P273-P280-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310-P305+P351+P338
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
MeSH Pharmacological Classification
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.
Uses & manufacturing
UsesUsed as a reducing agent and solvent for organic materials; Also used to make Helman catalyst (80% hydrazine hydrate that is used in V-2 type rockets) and mixed with methanol for rocket engine propulsion; [Merck Index]
U.S. Production2023: 75,000 - <500,000 lb
Consumer UsesIntermediate
Industry UsesIntermediate
General Manufacturing InformationPesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing
Applications
UsesHydrazine Hydrate used as a reactant in the cyclizations of pyridinones. It is also used in the study of nanocrystal semiconductors, participating in the functionalization and passivation of surface states. It is widely used as a reducing agent or an intermediate of synthesis in various industrial sectors like water treatment (effluents, industrial boilers), chemical treatment process (metals, mine extraction) or active ingredients synthesis (pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals).
UsesHydrazine hydrate is used as a reducing agent in synthetic and analytical reactions and as a solvent for many inorganic compounds. It also is used with methanol as a propellant for rocket engines. Another application is catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
General DescriptionA colorless fuming liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor. Corresponds to a 64% aqueous solution of hydrazine in water. Combustible but may require some effort to ignite. Contact with oxidizing materials may cause spontaneous ignition. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption. Corrosive to tissue. Produces toxics oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
Preparation methods
PreparationHydrazine hydrate is prepared by treating hydrazine sulfate, N2H4•H2SO4 with sodium hydroxide. The product is collected by distillation under nitrogen. It also is obtained as a by-product in the Bayer Ketazine process for producing hydrazine in which hydrazine solution is hydrolysed under pressure in a ketazine column.
Upstream & downstream products
Upstream raw materials
Downstream products
Additional notes
DefinitionChEBI: Hydrazine hydrate is a hydrate. It contains a hydrazine.
Related reactions
9,961 records
Linked notes
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