N-Nitrososarcosine

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt. However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose. The most efficient type ... is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air:fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air. Some ... are designed to accept ... aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise it is necessary ... to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust. Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities ... are to be destroyed in laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for N-NITROSOSARCOSINE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... Clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for N-NITROSOSARCOSINE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... Gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that N-nitrososarcosine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of N-nitrososarcosine is 3.63(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as an anion and ions do not volatilize. N-Nitrososarcosine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2012).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that N-nitrososarcosine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). An estimated pKa of 3.63(3) indicates N-nitrososarcosine will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -0.78(5) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data in water are not available(SRC, 2012).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), N-nitrososarcosine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase N-nitrososarcosine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). N-Nitrososarcosine absorbs at wavelengths at 324 nm(4), and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

... The preliminary survey shows a widespread contamination of N-nitroso compounds in raw foodstuffs from Kashmir. ...Several commonly used raw foodstuffs from a high risk esophageal cancer region in Kashmir (India) were analysed for the presence of N-nitroso compounds. The food items were selected on the basis of their frequent consumption with particular emphasis on the preserved foods (dried, pickled and smoked) and those which are unique to the region. Nine out of 11 food items were found to contain low concentrations of N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitrososarcosine, N-nitrosoproline and N-nitrosothaizolidine-4-carboxylic acid.

N-Nitrososarcosine has been found in smoked meat at a concentration of 10 ug/kg, boiled ham at a concentration of 2 ug/kg, bologna at concentrations of 2 and 56 ug/kg, and meatloaf at concentrations of 2 and 15 ug/kg(1). The compound was detected in 14 smoked bacon samples with 12 samples at <10 ug/kg, one sample at 84.0 ug/kg, and one sample at 210 ug/kg. Levels in unsmoked bacon did not deviate from those in smoked bacon, with concentrations in the former reported as 7 of 10 samples at <10 ug/kg, one sample at 60.0 ug/kg and one sample at 74.0 ug/kg; the overall mean is 19.0 ug/kg(2).

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Whenever medical surveillance is indicated, in particular when exposure to a carcinogen has occurred, ad hoc decisions should be taken concerning ... /cytogenetic and/or other/ tests that might become useful or mandatory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of N-nitrososarcosine can be estimated to be 3(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that N-nitrososarcosine is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The estimated pKa of N-nitrososarcosine is 3.63(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

No evidence has been found that N-nitrososarcosine has been manufactured commercially(1), but its presence in smoked meat, boiled ham, bologna and meatloaf(1) and tobacco smoke(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

N-Nitrososarcosine

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 17: (1978) Some N-Nitroso Compounds

1987

1987

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for N-nitrososarcosine(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.78(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

An estimated pKa of 3.63(1) indicates N-nitrososarcosine will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. N-Nitrososarcosine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Administration of 1 g/kg bw NSAR to mice inhibits hepatic aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase activities ; doses of 100- 500 mg/kg bw inhibited hepatic N-nitrosodimethylamine N-demethylase activity.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ ... A group of 65 male and 65 female Swiss (IRC) mice were fed a diet containing 0.25% N-nitrososarcosine (NSAR) for 13 months. At that time, 21 male and 20 female survivors were killed, and 10 male and 11 female mice had squamous-cell carcinomas of the nasal region. Several other tumors were observed at necropsy, including five tumors of the lung, two of the small intestine, two of the vagina and one each of the testis, kidney, skin, thymus, bladder and pancreas. No tumors were observed in either male or female control mice which died or were sacrificed at 13 months.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ Twenty BD rats received 100 or 200 mg/kg bw per day NSAR in the drinking-water; treatment was terminated after 286 days when fatal doses of 28.6 and 57 g/kg bw, respectively, had been reached. Of animals given the lower dose (100 mg/kg bw), 5/14 died with esophageal carcinomas 357-631 days after the start of treatment. Of those given the higher dose (200 mg/kg bw), 3/6 rats developed papillomas and 3/6, squamous-cell carcinomas of the esophagus at 414-548 days.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ Newborn (C57BL/6JxC3HeB/FeJ)F1 mice received intraperitoneal injections of 75 mg/kg bw NSAR suspended in trioctanoin on days 1, 4 and 7 after birth; all survivors were killed after 78 weeks. Of 12 male mice that survived for 50-78 weeks after dosing, eight had liver-cell carcinomas and three had lesions described as liver-cell hyperplasia. Three of 17 females that survived for the same period also showed liver-cell hyperplasia. In the control group, which received three injections of 5 mg/kg bw trioctanoin, 1/12 females that survived for 50-85 weeks had a liver-cell carcinoma and 2/14 males had liver-cell hyperplasia

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for N-NITROSOSARCOSINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No data are available in humans. Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. OVERALL EVALUATION: Group 2B: The agent is possibly carcinogenic to humans.

N-Nitrososarcosine: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Nitrosamines/

The levels for nitrosamines through ingestion of contaminated water and contaminated aquatic organisms ... which may result in incremental increase of cancer risk over the lifetime are estimated at 1X10-5, 1X10-6, and 1X10-7. The corresponding criteria are 8.0 ng/l, 0.8 ng/l, and 0.08 ng/l, respectively. For consumption of aquatic organisms only, excluding consumption of water, the levels are 12,400 ng/l, 1,240 ng/l, and 124 ng/l, respectively. /Nitrosamines/