Gallium chloride

Metals -> Metals, Inorganic Compounds

Corrosives

2.47 at 77 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

2.47

Density: 2.36 @ 80 °C/80 deg (Liquid); Deliquescent

2.47 @ 26°C

Sol in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon disulfide.

In water, >800 g/l, temp not specified

394 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

201 °C

201.3 °C @760 [mm Hg]

172 °F (EPA, 1998)

77.9 °C

MP: 44.4 °C /Hydrate/

78 °C

0.38 [mmHg]

0.38 mm Hg @ 25 °C

Gallium trichloride appears as colorless needles. Used as a raw material in the production of metallic gallium and in the processing of mono crystal semiconductor compounds. (EPA, 1998)

Large Crystals; Other Solid

Hygroscopic solid; Soluble in water; [Merck Index] White crystalline solid; [MSDSonline]

Danger

H290 (40.5%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]

P234, P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P390, P405, P406, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 84 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: Gallium chloride (GaCl3)

Gallium chloride (GaCl3) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Gallium chloride (GaCl3) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 21-04-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23752

Gallium (III) chloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

(Non-Specific -- Gallium Compounds) In view of the toxicity of gallium and its compounds, as shown by experiments, all persons involved in work with these substances should undergo periodic medical examinations, during which special attention should be paid to the condition of the liver, respiratory organs, and skin. (EPA, 1998)

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Gallium trichloride is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 or 10,000 lbs. Extremely hazardous substances that are solids are subject to either of two threshold planning quantities ... The lower quantity applies only if the solid exists in powdered form and has a particle size less than 100 microns; or is handled in solution or in molten form; or meets the criteria for a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of 2, 3 or 4 for reactivity. If the solid does not meet any of these criteria, it is subject to the upper ... threshold planning quantity ... .

Met. Corr. 1 (40.5%)

Corrosives, Reactive agents - 1st degree

Signs and Symptoms of Gallium Trichloride Exposure: Acute exposure to gallium trichloride may include wheezing, coughing, itching throat, dyspnea (difficult or labored breathing), sense of suffocation, burning chest pain, and, in more severe cases, cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes), laryngeal edema, respiratory arrest or delayed pulmonary edema. Exposure to the fumes may cause petechial (pinpoint, nonraised) rash and partial paralysis. Gastrointestinal symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or bloody stools.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

0.19 [mg/m3]

2.1 [mg/m3]

12 [mg/m3]

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Rats fed gallium trichloride at dietary levels of 500 or 10000 ppm gallium for 26 weeks exhibited no observable toxic symptoms. Autopsy revealed no gallium in soft tissues and only minute traces in bone. However, parenterally injected gallium salts showed variation in the toxicity levels (LD50 values) in different species, depending upon the mode of administration. ... Intravenous admin of gallium trichloride ... was highly toxic, and sometimes immediately lethal, because of colloidal gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)3 formation in the blood.

Orally admin gallium chloride or citrate are not harmful, /due/ to its hydrolysis in the digestive tract and to the poor absorption of the hydrolyzed product, gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)3. Parenterally admin gallium trichloride and gallium nitrate hydrate were more toxic than gallium citrate or lactate.

Although rats exposed to nebulized solutions of gallium trichloride (25 to 125 mg/cu m) for 0.5 to 4 hr experienced pulmonary consolidation bilaterally, it was felt to be no different than the response to inhaled sodium chloride acidified to an equivalent degree; no gallium passed from the lung.

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

LD50 Mouse intraperitoneal 37 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 4700 mg/kg

LD50 Rat intravenous 47 mg/kg

LD50 Rat subcutaneous 306 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for GALLIUM TRICHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Gallium trichloride is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 or 10,000 lbs. Extremely hazardous substances that are solids are subject to either of two threshold planning quantities ... The lower quantity applies only if the solid exists in powdered form and has a particle size less than 100 microns; or is handled in solution or in molten form; or meets the criteria for a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of 2, 3 or 4 for reactivity. If the solid does not meet any of these criteria, it is subject to the upper ... threshold planning quantity ... .

The gastrointestinal absorption of cationic gallium salts in mammals is less than 1% for physiologic doses ... /due/ to the hydrolysis of the Ga+3 salts to insoluble and unabsorbable gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)3. /Gallium salts/

Following inhalation of gallium trichloride aerosols containing 0.125-0.25 mg Ga/liter, gallium is retained in the alveoli and not absorbed. There are no reports of absorption of gallium through the skin. ... Parenterally injected gallium compounds are excreted mainly in the urine; only about 7.8% of a dose of gallium trichloride and 3.3% of a dose of gallium citrate are excreted in the feces.

Feeding GaCl3 at dietary levels of 10, 100, 500, and 1000 ppm as gallium for 26 weeks, however, resulted in no discernible toxic response in rats; no gallium could be found in the soft tissues, and traces in bone indicated negligible absorption.

Rats fed gallium trichloride at dietary levels of 500 or 10000 ppm gallium for 26 weeks exhibited no observable toxic symptoms. Autopsy revealed no gallium in soft tissues and only minute traces in bone. However, parenterally injected gallium salts showed variation in the toxicity levels (LD50 values) in different species, depending upon the mode of administration. ... Intravenous admin of gallium trichloride ... was highly toxic, and sometimes immediately lethal, because of colloidal gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)3 formation in the blood.

Used to make electronic instruments, semiconductors, alloys, and lubricants; [HSDB] Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis and a reagent in producing gallium semiconductors; [Merck Index]

Metal Preparation and Pouring [Category: Foundry]

Manufacture of electronic instruments, semiconductors, alloys, and lubricants; used to treat lung cancer.

Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing

Gallium chloride (GaCl3): ACTIVE