Hydrochlorothiazide
HYDROCHLORTHIAZIDE · Hidroclorotiazida · HCTZ · Dyazide · Hydrochlorothiazid · Aldactazide · Dihydrochlorothiazide · Ziac
Identifiers & Physical Properties
| CAS No. | 58-93-5 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C7H8ClN3O4S2 |
| Average molar mass | 297.7 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic mass | 296.9644758 g/mol |
| SMILES | NS(=O)(=O)c1cc2c(cc1Cl)NCNS2(=O)=O |
| InChIKey | JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 3639 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL15605 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:5778 |
| EC No. | 200-403-3 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2020713 |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| XLogP | -0.1 |
|---|---|
| Topological polar surface area | 135 |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 3 |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 7 |
| Rotatable bonds | 1 |
| Heavy atoms | 17 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 494 |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | -0.07log Kow = -0.07 |
| LogS | -2.62 |
| Odor | Practically odorlesswh. or pract. wh. cryst. powd., odorless |
| Taste | Slightly bitter taste |
| Density | 1.693 g/cu cm1.6761 (rough estimate) |
| Color/Form | White, or practically white crystalline powderWhite to off-white crystalline powder |
| Solubility | less than 0.1 mg/mL at 72.5 °F (NTP, 1992)722In water, 722 mg/L at 25 °CSoluble in ethanol at approximately 750 g/Lsoluble in acetone, dilute ammoniafreely soluble in sodium hydroxide solution, n-butylamine, dimethylformamidesparingly soluble in alcoholinsoluble in ether, chloroform, dilute mineral acidsSoluble in sodium hydroxide solutionFreely soluble in sodium hydroxide solution, in n-butylamine and in dimethylformamidesparingly soluble in methanolinsoluble in dilute mineral acidsVery slightly soluble in water, soluble in acetone, sparingly soluble in ethanol (96 per cent). It dissolves in dilute solutions of alkali hydroxides722mg/L(25 ºC) |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /sulfur oxides, chloride, and nitrogen oxides/. |
| Melting point | 523 to 527 °F (NTP, 1992)266-268273-275 °C274 °C273 °C |
| Caco2 Permeability | -6.06 |
| Physical Description | Crystals or white powder. (NTP, 1992)Solid |
| Stability/Shelf Life | Stable under recommended storage conditions.Commercially available hydrochlorothiazide tablets have an expiration date of 3 or 5 years following the date of manufacture depending on the packaging. |
| Boiling point | 577.0±60.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Refractive index | 1.6100 (estimate) |
| Flash point | 9℃ |
| Storage conditions | 2-8°C |
| Physical state | solid |
| pKa (acidity coefficient) | 7.9, 9.2(at 25℃) |
| Color | White to Off-White |
| λmax | 318nm(H2O)(lit.) |
| Merck | 14,4781 |
| BRN | 625101 |
| BCS Class | 3,4 |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Major applications | pharmaceutical (small molecule) |
| InChI | 1S/C7H8ClN3O4S2/c8-4-1-5-7(2-6(4)16(9,12)13)17(14,15)11-3-10-5/h1-2,10-11H,3H2,(H2,9,12,13) |
| InChIKey | JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | NS(=O)(=O)c1cc2c(NCNS2(=O)=O)cc1Cl |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | -0.070 |
| Toxicology and Carcinogenesis | Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Hydrochlorothiazide (CASRN 58-93-5) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies) |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 58-93-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EWG's Food Scores | 1 |
| FDA UNII | 0J48LPH2TH |
| NCI Drug Dictionary | hydrochlorothiazide |
| ATC code | C03AA03,C03AX01 |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | 6-Chloro-7-sulfamyl-3,4-dihydro-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide(58-93-5) |
| IARC | 2B (Vol. 50, 108) 2016 |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5) |
| UNSPSC Code | 41116107 |
| NACRES | NA.24 |
| GHS pictogram | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| GHS hazard statements | H302 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P301+P312+P330 |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US) |
| Hazard symbols | Xi,T,F,Xn |
| Risk statements (R) | 22-42/43-36/38-23/25-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11 |
| Safety statements (S) | 22-24-36/37-45-33-16-7-36/37/39-27-26 |
| UN transport number | UN 1230 3/PG 2 |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 2 |
| RTECS number | DK9100000 |
| Hazard Note | Irritant |
| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
| Customs code | 29350090 |
| Storage class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| Hazard class | Carc. 2 |
| Hazardous substances data | 58-93-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 590 i.v.>8000 orally (Piala) |
Safety & Regulations
| GHS classification | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.5% (3 of 198) of reports.DangerH302 (63.1%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]H317 (33.3%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]H334 (33.3%): May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled [Danger Sensitization, respiratory]H372 (28.3%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]P233, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 198 reports by companies from 32 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 3 of 198 reports by companies.There are 31 notifications provided by 195 of 198 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. |
|---|---|
| Regulatory information | Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityAuthoritative List - IARC Carcinogens - 1Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the productHydrochlorothiazide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Other safety information | IMAP assessments - 2H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-, 1,1-dioxide: Environment tier I assessmentIMAP assessments - 2H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-, 1,1-dioxide: Human health tier I assessment |
| Fire hazards | Flash point data for this chemical are not available but it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992) |
| Health hazards | SYMPTOMS: Acute symptoms may include dryness of the mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pain or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. May also cause hypersensitivity reactions, skin and mucous membrane irritation. Long term effects may include adverse hematologic reactions including aplastic anemia. |
Applications & Uses
Uses
The product is a typical representative in the thiazide diuretic drug with its pharmaceutical sales in United States ranking first in 1985. Owing to its easy administration, moderate action as well as being suitable for all kinds of edema, it is most often clinically applied. Owing to adverse reactions like potassium secretion, we should pay attention to supplement potassium salt during the application. Intravenous injection-mice-LD50: 590mg/kg, oral LD50: greater than 8000mg/kg. Diuretics It mainly inhibits the re-absorption on Na+ and Cl-by the proximal end of the distal convoluted tubule so that renal excretion of sodium chloride is increased to produce a diuretic effect. It is a kind of diuretic drugs of moderate effect. This product has antihypertensive effect with the effect being enhanced when being use in combination with Lee medicine paste, antihypertensive shen paste or apocynum venetum and other traditional Chinese medicine. This product also has anti-diuretic effect and can be used for the treatment of diabetes insipidus
Uses
Hydrochlorothiazide is a medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat hypertension and peripheral edema.
Uses
Hydrochlorothiazide is one of the most widely used drugs of this series, and it is used for the same indications, as is chlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide causes less inhibition of carbonic anhydrase, but causes 5–10 times more diuresis of sodium ions than chlorothiazide using the same dose.
General Description
Crystals or white powder.