Mupirocin

UsesTopical antibiotics. This product is generally used for the inflammation of the skin, eczema, etc., or made into mupirocin ointment in the market.By reversibly binding to isoleucine transfer RNA synthetase, this product can prevent isoleucine incorporated so that the synthesis of all proteins in cells containing isoleucine can be stopped. Mupirocin has a unique mode of action. The epoxide-containing monic acid tail of the molecule is an analog of isoleucine and, as such, is a competitive inhibitor of isoleucyltRNA synthetase in bacterial cells. The corresponding mammalian enzyme is unaffected.

DescriptionMupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is an antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. It is useful in the treatment of dermal infections, especially those involving S. aureus and S. epidermidis.

Usesantibacterial, antimycoplasmal, isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor

UsesMupirocin, is a major component of the pseudomonic acid, an antibiotic complex produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIB 10586. Topical antibacterial.

UsesPseudomonic acid is a potent antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens, reported by Fuller et al. in 1971. Pseudomonic acid has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive bacteria and was approved for topical human use in 1985. Pseudomonic acid acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase.

UsesAn antibiotic inhibitor of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase

Usesvasodilator

General DescriptionMupirocin (pseudomonic acid A, Bactroban) is the majorcomponent of a family of structurally related antibiotics,pseudomonic acids A to D, produced by the submergedfermentation of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Although theantimicrobial properties of P. fluorescens were recordedas early as 1887, it was not until 1971 that Fuller et al.identified the metabolites responsible for this activity. Thestructure of the major and most potent metabolite,pseudomonic acid A (which represents 90%–95% of the activefraction from P. fluorescens), was later confirmed bychemical synthesis to be the 9-hydroxynonanoic acidester of monic acid.The use of mupirocin is confined to external applications.280 Systemic administration of the antibiotic resultsin rapid hydrolysis by esterases to monic acid, which is inactivein vivo because of its inability to penetrate bacteria.Mupirocin has been used for the topical treatment ofimpetigo, eczema, and folliculitis secondarily infected bysusceptible bacteria, especially staphylococci and -hemolyticstreptococci. The spectrum of antibacterial activityof mupirocin is confined to Gram-positive and Gramnegativecocci, including staphylococci, streptococci,Neisseria spp., and M. catarrhalis. The activity of the antibioticagainst most Gram-negative and Gram-positivebacilli is generally poor, with the exception of H. influenzae.It is not effective against enterococci or anaerobicbacteria.Mupirocin interferes with RNA synthesis and protein synthesisin susceptible bacteria. It specifically and reversiblybinds with bacterial isoleucyl tRNA synthase to preventthe incorporation of isoleucine into bacterial proteins.282High-level, plasmid-mediated mupirocin resistance in S. aureushas been attributed to the elaboration of a modifiedisoleucyl tRNA that does not bind mupirocin.283 Inherent resistancein bacilli is likely because of poor cellular penetrationof the antibiotic.

DefinitionChEBI: An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2 -pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydro ybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.