Sulfadiazine

Pharmaceuticals -> Antibiotics (Sulfonamide)

Pharmaceuticals -> Antibiotics

Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15

Pharmaceuticals

-0.2

-0.04

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

Anti-infective medicines

Active Ingredients (Sulfadiazine) -> FDA Greenbook

Pharmaceuticals -> UK Veterinary Medicines Directorate List

Pharmaceuticals -> Animal Drugs -> Approved in Taiwan

153.9 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with Waters Major Mix]

150.9 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

148.7 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW]

157.85 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

151.96 Ų [M+H]+

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.2% (2 of 171) of reports.

Danger

H302 (98.2%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P203, P233, P260, P261, P263, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 171 reports by companies from 21 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Status: Active Update: 23-04-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17511

Sulphadiazine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Sulfadiazine, like other sulfonamides, causes a characteristic idiosyncratic liver injury which has features of drug-allergy or hypersensitivity. The typical onset is sudden development of fever and rash followed by jaundice within a few days or weeks of starting the medication. The pattern of injury is typically mixed, although fatal cases are often hepatocellular and prolonged cholestatic cases have also been described. Eosinophilia or atypical lymphocytosis are also common and the clinical pattern can be considered a part of DRESS syndrome (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms). Cases of Stevens Johnson syndrome due to sulfadiazine have also been described. Sulfonamides such as sulfadiazine have been linked to many cases of acute liver failure and as a class, the sulfonamides still rank in the top 5 to 10 causes of drug induced, idiosyncratic fulminant hepatic failure. However, most cases of sulfonamide induced liver injury resolve rapidly, usually within 2 to 4 weeks unless cholestasis is severe. Onset of injury is more rapid with rechallenge and can appear within a day or reexposure. Patients with hepatic injury due to sulfadiazine may have a history of previous exposure to the drug without injury. Sulfonamides such as sulfadiazine can also cause mild and transient ALT elevations that do not progress to jaundice or more severe liver injury either alone or as a part of a generalized hypersensitivity reaction. Sulfonamides have also been linked to hepatic granulomas.

Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)

Sulfadiazine

vLess-DILI-concern

3

Adverse reactions

DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015

J01EC02

J - Antiinfectives for systemic use

QJ - Antiinfectives for systemic use

J01EC02

Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic. The sulfonamides are synthetic bacteriostatic antibiotics with a wide spectrum against most gram-positive and many gram-negative organisms. However, many strains of an individual species may be resistant. Sulfonamides inhibit multiplication of bacteria by acting as competitive inhibitors of <i>p</i>-aminobenzoic acid in the folic acid metabolism cycle. Bacterial sensitivity is the same for the various sulfonamides, and resistance to one sulfonamide indicates resistance to all. Most sulfonamides are readily absorbed orally. However, parenteral administration is difficult, since the soluble sulfonamide salts are highly alkaline and irritating to the tissues. The sulfonamides are widely distributed throughout all tissues. High levels are achieved in pleural, peritoneal, synovial, and ocular fluids. Although these drugs are no longer used to treat meningitis, CSF levels are high in meningeal infections. Their antibacterial action is inhibited by pus.

Sulfadiazine is a competitive inhibitor of the bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. This enzyme is needed for the proper processing of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) which is essential for folic acid synthesis. The inhibited reaction is necessary in these organisms for the synthesis of folic acid.

0N7609K889

SULFADIAZINE

Established Pharmacologic Class [EPC] - Sulfonamide Antibacterial

Chemical Structure [CS] - Sulfonamides

Sulfadiazine is a Sulfonamide Antibacterial.

SULFADIAZINE

Substances that are destructive to protozoans.

Agents useful in the treatment or prevention of COCCIDIOSIS in man or animals.

Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Animal Drugs -> FDA Approved Animal Drug Products (Green Book) -> Active Ingredients

Pharmaceuticals -> Antiinfectives for systemic use -> Antibacterials for systemic use -> Sulfonamides and trimethoprims -> Intermediate-acting sulfonamides -> Antibiotics

Pharmaceuticals -> Animal Drugs -> Approved in Taiwan