HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
Oxalic acid dihydrate
ETHANEDIOIC ACID · Oxalate Acid · OXALIC ACID 2H2O · OXALIC ACID 2HYD XTL · ETHANEDIOIC ACID DIHYDRATE · KH2PO56 · Has two acid · OxalicAcidGr
Identifiers & Physical Properties
| CAS No. | 6153-56-6 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C2H2O4.2H2O |
| Average molar mass | 126.07 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic mass | 126.01643791 g/mol |
| SMILES | O.O.O=C(O)C(=O)O |
| InChIKey | GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 61373 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL5315063 |
| EC No. | 612-167-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2075003 |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Topological polar surface area | 76.6 |
|---|---|
| Hydrogen bond donors | 4 |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 6 |
| Rotatable bonds | 1 |
| Heavy atoms | 8 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 71.5 |
| Chemical classes | Other Classes -> Organic Acids |
| Fragrances | Fragrance Ingredient (Oxalic acid dihydrate) -> IFRA transparency List |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | -0.81 |
| Density | 1.65 g/cm³1.653 @25 °C1,65 g/cm3 |
| Solubility | Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 13-14H2O: soluble1M at 20°C, clear, colorless138 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Animal Drugs | EMA approved medicines: Veterinary medicine |
| Melting point | 101-102 °C189.5 °C104-106 °C(lit.) |
| Vapor pressure | 0.54 [mm Hg] @105 °C<0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Physical Description | Large CrystalsDry PowderOther SolidLiquidColorless solid[ICSC] Colorless hygroscopic crystals[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]COLOURLESS CRYSTALS. |
| Boiling point | 108-109°C |
| Bulk density | 813kg/m3 |
| Vapor density | 4.4 (vs air) |
| Flash point | 157°C |
| Storage conditions | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| Physical state | Powder/Solid |
| Specific gravity | 1.65 |
| Color | Yellow to yellow-green |
| pH | ~1.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| PH Range | 6 - 8 at 25 °C |
| Sublimation | 157 ºC |
| Merck | 14,6911 |
| BRN | 3679436 |
| Exposure limits | ACGIH TLV-TWA:1 mg/m3TLV-STEL:2 mg/m3OSHA PEL-TWA:for anhydrous acid 1 mg/m3 |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with bases, acid chlorides, steel, silver, silver compounds, moisture. Avoid contact with metals. |
| InChI | 1S/C2H2O4.2H2O/c3-1(4)2(5)6/h(H,3,4)(H,5,6)2*1H2 |
| InChIKey | GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [H]O[H].[H]O[H].OC(=O)C(O)=O |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 6153-56-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| FDA UNII | 0K2L2IJ59O |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Oxalic acid dihydrate(6153-56-6) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Oxalic acid dihydrate (6153-56-6) |
| Absorption | cut-off at 303nm in H2O at 1M |
| UNSPSC Code | 41116107 |
| NACRES | NA.25 |
| GHS pictogram | GHS05,GHS07 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| GHS hazard statements | H302+H312-H318 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P264-P270-P280-P301+P312-P302+P352+P312-P305+P351+P338 |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves |
| Hazard symbols | Xn,C |
| Risk statements (R) | 21/22-41 |
| Safety statements (S) | 24/25-39-37-36-26 |
| UN transport number | UN 3261 8/PG 3 |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 1 |
| RTECS number | RO2450000 |
| TSCA inventory status | Yes |
| Hazard class | 8Acute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1 |
| Packing group | III |
| Customs code | 29171100 |
| Storage class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 375 mg/kg |
Safety & Regulations
| GHS classification | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.1% (6 of 561) of reports.DangerH302+H312 (12.7%): Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermal]P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 561 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| Regulatory information | Chemical: Ethanedioic acid, dihydrateEthanedioic acid, dihydrate is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Ethanedioic acid, dihydrate are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Oxalic acid dihydrate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Other safety information | Evaluation - Chemicals that are unlikely to require further regulation to manage risks to environment |
| Fire hazards | Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Hazards summary | Causes burnsIngestion may have effects on calcium balanceRepeated or prolonged exposure may cause kidney stones[ICSC] Causes burnsInhalation may cause corrosive injuries to upper respiratory tract and lungsHarmful by ingestion and skin absorptionMay have teratogenic effectsTargets the kidney, nerves, blood, and eyes[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See Oxalic acid. |
| EC classification | Symbol: XnR: 21/22S: (2)-24/25 |
| UN classification | UN Hazard Class: 8UN Pack Group: III |
| Chemical Dangers | Decomposes on contact with hot surfaces or flames. This produces formic acid and carbon monoxide. The solution in water is a medium strong acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidants. This generates fire and explosion hazard. Reacts with some silver compounds. This produces explosive silver oxalate. Attacks some forms of plastic. |
| Packaging and Labelling | Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (98.8%)Acute toxicity - category 4 |
| Fire fighting | Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
| First aid measures | Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer for medical attention .Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention. |
| Safe storage | Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. |
| Spillage disposal | Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance, protective gloves and safety goggles. Sweep spilled substance into covered plastic containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. |
| Eye Prevention | Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection. |
| Fire Prevention | NO open flames. |
| Inhalation Risk | Evaporation at 20 °C is negligiblea harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed. |
| Skin Prevention | Protective gloves. Protective clothing. |
| Exposure Prevention | PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! |
| Ingestion Prevention | Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating. |
| Inhalation Prevention | Use ventilation (not if powder), local exhaust or breathing protection. |
| Threshold Limit Values (TLV) | 1.0 [mg/m3]2.0 [mg/m3]1 mg/m |
| Treatment | Acute Exposure: If oxalic acid is swallowed, immediately give the person water or milk, unless instructed otherwise by a health care provider. DO NOT give water or milk if the person is having symptoms (such as vomiting, convulsions, or a decreased level of alertness) that make it hard to swallow. If acute exposure occurs to the eyes, irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. Chronic exposure: in some patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1, pyridoxine treatment (vitamin B6) may decrease oxalate excretion and prevent kidney stone formation. |
| Health effects | Because it binds vital nutrients such as calcium, long-term consumption of foods high in oxalic acid can be problematic. Healthy individuals can safely consume such foods in moderation, but those with kidney disorders, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or certain forms of chronic vulvar pain (vulvodynia) are typically advised to avoid foods high in oxalic acid or oxalates. The calcium oxalate precipitate (better known as kidney stones) obstruct the kidney tubules. Conversely, calcium supplements taken along with foods high in oxalic acid can cause calcium oxalate to precipitate out in the gut and drastically reduce the levels of oxalate absorbed by the body (by 97% in some cases.) Chronically high levels of oxalic acid are associated with at least 2 inborn errors of metabolism including: Type I primary hyperoxaluria and Primary hyperoxaluria. Oxalate stones in primary hyperoxaluria tend to be severe, resulting in relatively early kidney damage (before age 20), which impairs the excretion of oxalate leading to a further acceleration in accumulation of oxalate in the body. After the development of renal failure patients may develop oxalate deposits in the bones, joints and bone marrow. Severe cases may develop haematological problems such as anaemia and thrombocytopaenia. The deposition of oxalate in the body is sometimes called "oxalosis" to be distinguished from "oxaluria" which refers to oxalate in the urine. |
| Adverse effects | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| Exposure routes | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion. Serious local effects by all routes of exposure. |
| Toxicity summary | The affinity of divalent metal ions is sometimes reflected in their tendency to form insoluble precipitates. Thus in the body, oxalic acid also combines with metals ions such as Ca2+, Fe2+, and Mg2+ to deposit crystals of the corresponding oxalates, which irritate the gut and kidneys. (2) Therefore the toxicity of oxalic acid is due to kidney failure caused by precipitation of solid calcium oxalate, the main component of kidney stones. Oxalic acid can also cause joint pain due to the formation of similar precipitates in the joints. Ingestion of ethylene glycol results in oxalic acid as a metabolite that can also cause acute kidney failure. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Headache.Redness. Pain. Skin burns.Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Burns.Sore throat. Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Laboured breathing. Convulsions. Paralysis. Cardiac dysrhythmia. Shock or collapse.Oxalic acid poisoning symptoms include weakness, burning in the mouth, death from cardiovascular collapse, on the respiratory system, throat – burning in the throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, and coma. |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135) |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 1 |
| TSCA inventory status | Yes |
| RTECS number | RO2450000 |
| UN transport number | UN 3261 8/PG 3 |
| Customs code | 29171100 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 375 mg/kg |
| Risk statements (R) | 21/22-41 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| GHS pictogram | GHS05,GHS07 |
| Hazard symbols | Xn,C |
| Safety statements (S) | 24/25-39-37-36-26 |
| Hazard class | 8Acute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1 |
| Storage class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| Packing group | III |
| GHS hazard statements | H302+H312-H318 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P264-P270-P280-P301+P312-P302+P352+P312-P305+P351+P338 |
Applications & Uses
Uses
A diprotic reducing agent used as a buffer.
Uses
Oxalic acid occurs in the cell sap of Oxalisand Rumex species of plants as the potassium and calcium salt. It is the metabolicproduct of many molds (Merck 1989). Thereare a large number of applications of thiscompound, including indigo dyeing; calicoprinting; removal of paint, rust, and inkstains; metal polishing; bleaching leather; inpesticide compositions and manufacture ofoxalates. It is also used as an analyticalreagent and as a reducing agent in organicsynthesis.Addition of oxalic acid to chromic acid forthe anodizing of Al alloy has been reported tomodify the morphology and improve the corrosion performance of anodic films (Moutarlier et al. 2004). Also, it is a very effectiveadditive for the ozone treatment of cellulose.It prevents the degradation of cellulose fromozone bleaching.
Uses
Oxalic acid dihydrate is a purifying agent in pharmaceutical industry, special in antibiotic medication, such as Oxytetracycline , Chloramphenicol , etc; * Precipitating agent in Rare-earth mineral processing; * Bleaching agent in the textile activities, wood pulp bleaching; * Rust-remover for Metal treatment; * Grinding agent, such as Marble polishing; * Waste water treatment, removing calcium from water.
General Description
Oxalic acid dihydrate (OAD) crystals are reported to be monoclinic with P21/n space group. The electron density of OAD has been obtained using X-ray diffraction studies under high resolution.