Deoxyuridine Triphosphate

188.9 Ų [M+Na-2H]- [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]

188.9 Ų [M-2H+Na]-

Deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) can be misincorporated into DNA and cause DNA damage. The extent of DNA damage caused by dUTP is dependent on the levels of the pyrophosphatase dUTPase and uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG). DNA damage due to dUTP misincorporation is highly dependent on the levels of the pyrophosphatase dUTPase, which limits intracellular accumulation of dUTP. (A4337) Also, loss of viability following thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition occurs as a consequence of accumulation of dUTP in some cell lines and subsequent misincorporation of uracil into DNA. (PMCID: PMC2364072)

Metabolism of organophosphates occurs principally by oxidation, by hydrolysis via esterases and by reaction with glutathione. Demethylation and glucuronidation may also occur. Oxidation of organophosphorus pesticides may result in moderately toxic products. In general, phosphorothioates are not directly toxic but require oxidative metabolism to the proximal toxin. The glutathione transferase reactions produce products that are, in most cases, of low toxicity. Paraoxonase (PON1) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of organophosphates. PON1 can inactivate some organophosphates through hydrolysis. PON1 hydrolyzes the active metabolites in several organophosphates insecticides as well as, nerve agents such as soman, sarin, and VX. The presence of PON1 polymorphisms causes there to be different enzyme levels and catalytic efficiency of this esterase, which in turn suggests that different individuals may be more susceptible to the toxic effect of organophosphate exposure.