Pindone

Fires involving this compound should be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

(General first aid procedures)

If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

1. VENTILATE AREA OF SPILL. 2. FOR SMALL QUANTITES, SWEEP ONTO PAPER OR OTHER SUITABLE MATERIAL, PLACE IN APPROPRIATE CONTAINER & BURN IN SAFE PLACE (SUCH AS FUME HOOD). 2. LARGE QUANTITIES MAY BE RECLAIMED; HOWEVER, IF THIS IS NOT PRACTICAL, DISSOLVE IN FLAMMABLE SOLVENT (SUCH AS ALC) & ATOMIZE IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1. BY MAKING PACKAGES OF PIVAL IN PAPER OR OTHER FLAMMABLE MATERIAL & BURNING IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH AN APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE. 2. BY DISSOLVING PIVAL IN FLAMMABLE SOLVENT (SUCH AS ALCOHOL) & ATOMIZING IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH AN APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE.

Incineration: Dissolve it in a flammable solvent and spray into the fire chamber.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

IN EMERGENCIES DURING MFR OR USE WHEN THERE MAY BE DANGER OF HEAVY EXPOSURE, SUITABLE RESP PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE WORN TO PREVENT DUST FROM ENTERING MOUTH. PERSONAL HYGIENE ... PRACTICED TO ENSURE THAT FOOD EATEN BY PEOPLE ... DOES NOT BECOME CONTAMINATED. /COUMARIN & INDANDIONE DERIV/

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.

Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.

FACTORS THAT MAY ENHANCE TOXICITY OF ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES INCL...PRESENCE OF DRUGS (PHENYLBUTAZONE, OXYPHENBUTAZONE, DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN, SALICYLATES) THAT DISPLACE ANTICOAGULANT FROM PLASMA ALBUMIN...ADMIN OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH), STEROIDS, OR THYROXIN, WHICH MAY INCR RECEPTOR SITE AFFINITY FOR ANTICOAGULANT... /ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES/

IS SYNERGISTIC WITH ALLETHRIN & PYRETHRIN.

The following drugs ... may increase ... response to coumarin or indandione derivatives: alcohol (acute intoxication), allopurinol, aminosalicylic acid, amiodarone, anabolic steroids, chloral hydrate, chloramphenicol, cimetidine, clofibrate, co-trimoxazole, danazol, dextrothyroxine sodium, diazoxide, diflunisal, disulfiram, erythromycin, ethacrynic acid, fenoprofen calcium, glucagon, ibuprofen, indomethacin, influenza virus vaccine, isoniazid, meclofenamate, mefenamic acid, methylthiouracil, metronidazole, miconazole, nalidixic acid, neomycin (oral), pentoxifylline, phenylbutazone, propoxyphene, propylthiouracil, quinidine, quinine, salicylates, streptokinase, sulfinpyrazone, sulfonamides, sulindac, tetracyclines, thiazides, thyroid drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, urokinase, vitamin E. /Coumarin & indandione derivatives/

The following drugs ... may ... decrease ... response to coumarin or indandione derivatives: alcohol (chronic alcoholism), barbiturates, carbamazepine, corticosteroids, corticotropin, ethchlorvynol, glutethimide, griseofulvin, mercaptopurine, methaqualone, oral contraceptives containing estrogen, rifampin, spironolactone, vitamin K. /Coumarin & indandione derivatives/

LC50 Mallard duck oral 250 mg/kg/8 days

LC50 Bobwhite quail oral 1,560 mg/kg/8 days

LC50 Bluegill sunfish 1.6 mg/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Rainbow trout 0.21 mg/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 900(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 18 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that pindone is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of pindone from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.3X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Pindone is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 8.4X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 900(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 18 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that pindone is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.3X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 120(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), pindone, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 8.4X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase pindone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase pindone may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ The sensitivity of a number of avian species to the rabbit poison pindone was investigated using increase of prothrombin time (PT) as an index of poisoning. Daily dose levels of pindone were 0.25 mg kg-1 for eagles, 4.0 mg kg-1 for magpies and 5.0 mg kg-1 for pigeons, parrots and ducks. Considerable species variation in response was observed, and within each species there was considerable individual variation in response to pindone. The PTs of magpies and ducks increased to approximately twice baseline levels. Significant elevations (4- to 7-fold) occurred in parrots, pigeons and eagles. Clinical symptoms were observed in only one species, the wedge-tailed eagle. Results of our dosing trials indicate that all species tested are theoretically at risk of pindone poisoning, although the risk to some species is minimized by factors such as population size, food availability and bait placement.

/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ ... It is important to note that rodenticides and other vertebrate pesticides, such as ... pindone, are widely used in Australia to control introduced mammalian pests. Unintentional exposure of native marsupial fauna to these compounds may result in detrimental effects and pose a threat to some species and populations. ...Possum /are/ less susceptible than eutherians /to/ pindone. /from table/

Spontaneous bleeding from various sites.

epistaxis (nosebleed), excess bleeding from minor cuts, bruises; smoky urine, black tarry stools; abdominal, back pain

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to birds and mammals. This substance does enter the environment under normal use. Great care, however, should be taken to avoid any additional release, for example through inappropriate disposal.

The Koc of pindone is estimated as 900(SRC), using a water solubility of 18 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that pindone is expected to have low mobility in soil.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Acute clinical effects depend on the site of hemorrhage & include hemoptysis, hematuria, gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal or back pain (retroperitoneal hemorrhage), hemarthrosis, epistaxis, cerebrovascular accidents, & multiple ecchymotic lesions. /Anticoagulant rodenticides/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The usual mode of death is gastrointestinal hemorrhage. /Anticoagulant rodenticides/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Indandione deriv/ ... can produce hemorrhagic accidents if they are absorbed in large or repeated quantities, or by persons with natural or acquired sensitivity. /indandione deriv/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ If accidental ingestion occurs, the symptoms and signs are anticipated to be similar to those caused by warfarin, which may include hematuria, spontaneous hematomas on the arms and legs, epistaxis, bleeding from the lips, punctate hemorrhages from mucous membranes, abdominal and back pain, vomiting, blood in the feces, petechial rash, and abnormal blood findings, such as increased prothrombin time and blood plasma, blood in urine and feces, and hypochromic and microcytic anemia.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PINDONE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pindone's former production and use first as an insecticide and rodenticide(1) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC). The USEPA has ruled that all uses of pindone and its sodium salts are ineligible for reregistration as the manufacturer did not submit required data to continue this product's registration(2).

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. 2-Pivalyl-1,3-indandione is found on List B. Case No: 2810; Pesticide type: Rodenticide; Case Status: OPP has made a decision that products containing the pesticide are not eligible for reregistration.; Active ingredient (AI): 2-Pivalyl-1,3-indandione; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 06/17/91; AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document for the case/AI.

Used as an anticoagulant rodenticide and an insecticide; [ACGIH]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For pindone (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 067703) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Pharmaceutical intermediate; insecticide; rodenticide.

Was originally suggested as a substitute for the greater part of the pyrethrins in pyrethrum sprays ... it is used as an anticoagulant rodenticide in baits containing 250 mg/kg

Control of rats and mice. Bait shyness does not occur after feeding. Renders cereal bait resistant to insect infestation and fungal infection.

(1972) LESS THAN 4.54X10+4 GRAMS (USE)

(1975) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 9.1X10+5 GRAMS

Reaction of ethyl phthalate with pinacolone.

Produced by condensation of diethyl phthalate with 3,3-dimethylbutanone using sodium in benzene as condensing agent... .

Marketed as 0.2% or 0.5% powder and mixed 1 part with 19 parts of bait material. Small amount of edible oil up to 5% prevents dusting and increased acceptability. Pival at concentrations of 0.025% in cereal bait will kill rats.

Mixed formulations: (pindone +) warfarin

Pival CB (5 g active ingredient/kg) powder for use in rat baits; Pivalyn, (pindone-sodium with chelating agent)

Pivalyn (sodium salt)

1H-Indene-1,3(2H)-dione, 2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-oxopropyl)-: ACTIVE

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Pindone (technical grade) as an active ingredient believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as a pesticide.

Introduced by Kilgore Chem Co (US PATENT 2310949) as trade marks 'Pivalyl volone', 'Pival', 'Pivalyn'... .

Baits should be placed in areas inaccessible to children, pets, wildlife, and domestic animals or in tamper-proof bait boxes. ...Rodents do not develop bait shyness after feeding. Imparts to cereal baits resistance to both insect infestation and molds. Controls Norway rats, roof rats, and house mice.

Suggested for use to replace greater part of pyrethrins in fly sprays... .

For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for PINDONE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.