Isopropenyl acetate

Other Classes -> Esters, Other

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

WATER WHITE LIQUID

Liquid

Soluble in ethanol and acetone, very soluble in ethyl ether.

Solubility in water 3.25% by weight.

60 °F (NFPA, 2010)

15.5 °C

60 °F (16 °C) (CLOSED CUP)

-92.9 °C

-92.9 °C

45.2 [mmHg]

45 mm Hg at 25 °C

Danger

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 300 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: 1-Propen-2-ol, acetate

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)

Status: Active Update: 16-12-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17298

Isopropenyl acetate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

· May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin.

A mild irritant; Narcotic in high concentrations; [Merck Index] May be toxic by inhalation and skin absorption; [CAMEO] Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [CHEMINFO] A mild to moderate irritant; [MSDSonline] Isopropenyl acetate (UN2403) has warning of explosive polymerization; [ERG 2016]

ISOPROPENYL ACETATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 1-PROPEN-2-OL, ACETATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Isopropenyl acetate

UN2403

Class 3 Flammable and combustible liquid (49 eCFR § 173.120)

PG II: the degree of danger presented by the material is medium

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

General First Aid:

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

10.0 [ppm]

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

Immediate precautionary measure

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 120(SRC), determined from an estimated log Kow of 1.3(2,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropenyl acetate is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of isopropenyl acetate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). The potential for volatilization of isopropenyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 120(SRC), determined from an estimated log Kow of 1.3(2,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropenyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Isopropenyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.4 hours and 4.1 days, respectively(3,SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 5.5(3,SRC), from an estimated log Kow(2,SRC), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 300 and 30 days at pHs 7 and 8, respectively(6), indicate that hydrolysis is not expected to be an important process(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isopropenyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropenyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone(SRC); the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be about 7.5 and 24 hours, respectively(3,SRC).

The Koc of isopropenyl acetate is estimated as approximately 120(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 1.3(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that isopropenyl acetate is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 5.5 was calculated for isopropenyl acetate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 1.3(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for isopropenyl acetate is estimated as 1.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that isopropenyl acetate is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 3.4 hours(2,SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 4.1 days(2,SRC). Isopropenyl acetate's Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of isopropenyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isopropenyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7.5 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isopropenyl acetate with ozone has been estimated as 1.1X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 24 hours at an atmospheric ozone concn of 7X10+11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1,SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 0.27 L/mol-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 300 and 30 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2,SRC).

Isopropenyl acetate's use as a reagent for acylation of enols may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates isopropenyl acetate is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropenyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone and photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; estimated half-lives for these reactions are 24 and 7.5 hours, respectively. If released to soil, isopropenyl acetate is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 120. Volatilization from wet soil surfaces is expected to occur based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. This compound's vapor pressure indicates that volatilization from dry soil surfaces may potentially occur. If released into water, adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column is not expected given the estimated Koc for this compound. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.4 hours and 4.1 days, respectively. The potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low based upon the estimated BCF of 5.5. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important process based upon estimated half-lives of 300 and 30 days at pHs 7 and 8, respectively. Occupational exposure to isopropenyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isopropenyl acetate is produced or used. (SRC)

Used as a reagent for acrylation of potential enols; [Merck Index]

REAGENT FOR ACYLATION OF POTENTIAL ENOLS

...FROM KETENE + ACETONE: HULL, AGETT; HAGEMEYER, US PATENTS 2,481,669; 2,476,860 (BOTH 1949 TO EASTMAN KODAK); YOUNG, US PATENTS 2,461,016; 2,511,423 (1949, 1950 BOTH TO CARBIDE & CARBON CHEM); MAWER, US PATENT 2,684,980 (1954 TO ICI); BUTTNER, ENK, US PATENT 2,867,653 (1959 TO WACKER-CHEMIE).