5-Methyl-2-hexanone

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

log Kow = 1.88

1.88

1.72 (estimated)

1.88

0.81 (NIOSH, 2024) - Less dense than water; will float

0.888 g/cu cm at 20 °C/20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.89

0.81

0.89 @ 20°C

0.81

0.5 % (NIOSH, 2024)

In water, 5400 mg/L at 25 °C

Miscible with ethanol and ether; very soluble in acetone, benzene; soluble in carbon tetrachloride

Miscible with most org solvents

5.4 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.5 (poor)

97 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

36 °C

96 °F (36 °C) (Closed cup)

110 °F (open cup)

36 °C c.c.

97 °F

291 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

144 °C

144 °C

291 °F

144 °C @760 [mm Hg]

291 °F

Warning

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (1 of 771) of reports.

Warning

H226 (99.9%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

Chemical: 2-Hexanone, 5-methyl-

2-Hexanone, 5-methyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 2-Hexanone, 5-methyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 08-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/10538

2-Hexanone, 5-methyl-: HSNO Approval: HSR001200 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Flammable. Above 36 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.

Flammable

A flammable liquid when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

· Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.

2302 127

2302 127

European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, 5-Methyl-hexan-2-one (110-12-3) 15 p. Summarized information provided to the EU by the European chemicals industry as of 2000. Available from the Database Query page at: http://ecb.jrc.it/esis/esis.php as of November 2, 2007

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329. Effective date 8/4/1995, Reporting date 10/3/1995.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Methyl isoamyl ketone is included on this list. Effective date 8/4/1995, Sunset date 6/30/1998.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

Use AFFF, alcohol-resistant foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Methyl isoamyl ketone:

General First Aid:

(General first aid procedures)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

10.0 [ppm]

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

... Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated area away from sources of oxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates), strong oxidizers (such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine), reducing agents, and aldehydes. Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where methyl isoamyl ketone is handled, used or stored. Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more of methyl isoamyl ketone should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Keep this chemical out of a confined space ... because of the possibility of an explosion ... It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable.

Environmental considerations -- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.

Environmental considerations -- water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Remove trapped material with suction hoses.

Environmental considerations -- air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Incineration

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for methyl isoamyl ketone: Activated carbon.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

EC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 30 days old 159 mg/L/96 hr; flow through, 25 °C, pH 7.6, hardness 43.0 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 42.5 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 6.5 mg/L; Effect: Affected fish did not school and lost equilibrium prior to death. /97+% purity/

EC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green algae); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 920 mg/L for 24 hr; Effect: physiology, assimilation efficiency

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea, age < or =24 hr); Conditions: freshwater, static, 20-22 °C, pH 7.6-7.7, hardness 16 dH; Concentration: 1700 mg/L for 24 hr

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 250(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.88(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 5-methyl-2-hexanone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 5-methyl-2-hexanone from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 5.77 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 5400 mg/L(5). 5-Methyl-2-hexanone is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2007).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 250(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.88(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 5-methyl-2-hexanone is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 5.77 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 5400 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 10 hours and 6.2 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 6(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2007).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 5-methyl-2-hexanone, which has a vapor pressure of 5.77 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 5-methyl-2-hexanone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 37 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.0X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 5-Methyl-2-hexanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Headache. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Laboured breathing. Sore throat.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness.

Nausea. See Inhalation.

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; headache, narcosis, coma; dermatitis; In Animals: liver, kidney damage

5-Methyl-2-hexanone has been identified, not quantified in wastewater effluent concentrates collected from an advanced wastewater treatment facility in Lake Tahoe, CA(1). 5-Methyl-2-hexanone was identified in the emissions of semiconductor manufacturing plants in Hsin-chu, Taiwan over the period from October 2000 to September 2001(2).

The Koc of 5-methyl-2-hexanone is estimated as 250(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.88(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 5-methyl-2-hexanone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329. Effective date 8/4/1995, Reporting date 10/3/1995.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Methyl isoamyl ketone is included on this list. Effective date 8/4/1995, Sunset date 6/30/1998.

Methyl isoamyl ketone is exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a solvent, cosolvent in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops only.

Used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, butyrate, acrylics, high-solid coatings, and vinyl copolymers; [HSDB]

Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]

Industrial intermediate; used in manufacture of rubber antioxidants, in paints, lacquers and varnishes

Solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, butyrate, acrylics, and vinyl copolymers.

5-Methyl-2-hexanone is used as a solvent for the production of high-solids coatings.

2023: 10,000,000 - <25,000,000 lb

(1972) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 9.08X10+5 G

(1975) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 G

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#4258]

2-Hexanone, 5-methyl- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

Paints, lacquers and varnishes; manufacture of rubber antioxidants; closed system synthesis

ESSENTIALLY 100% AS SOLVENT

OXIDATION OF 5-METHYL-2-HEXANOL

5-Methyl-2-hexanone is produced by condensation of acetone with isobutyraldehyde. This reaction may be carried out in one or two steps, in the liquid or in the gas phase.

Transportation Equipment Manufacturing

2-Hexanone, 5-methyl-: ACTIVE

Distillation range: 141-148 °C; Status under Rule 66: PCR-20% (photochemically reactive, volume percent without requiring emission control). According to /Rule 66/ the amounts of olefinic and branched ketones used in coating solvent system are restricted to 5 and 20 vol% max, respectively. In addition, all photochemically reactive solvents cannot exceed 20 vol % if the total solvent system is to be classified as photochemically unreactive or exempt. All ketones not falling under the above classifications, ie, straight-chain derivatives and cyclohexanone are considered photochemically unreactive.

Rule 66 = Rule 102 of the South Coast Air Quality Management District ... Regulation adopted by the Los Angeles /CA/ Air Pollution Control District in 1966 and took effect in 1967. Since been referred to as Rule 102 of the South Coast Air Quality Management District. Smog chamber testing established that some solvent types are more reactive than others and thus contribute more to ozone pollution ... restricts the concentration of the more reactive solvent types used in solvent operations according to a three-class designation. ... Class III, comprised of branched ketones ... is limited to 20% by volume ... Numerous /branched ketone/ solvent systems had to be reformulated to comply with Rule 66.