Basic information
- Standard SMILES
[Br-].[Li+]- InChIKey
AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M- Molecular formula
- BrLi
- Average molar mass
- 86.9 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 85.93434165
Overview
Lithium bromide is a lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt. It is a bromide salt and a lithium salt.
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- Lithium Bromide
- IUPAC
- lithium bromide
- English name
- Lithium bromide
- Molecular formula
- BrLi
- Molecular weight
- 86.85
Names & synonyms
Show more names
Database identifiers
- CAS
7550-35-8- PubChem CID
- 82050
- DTXSID
DTXSID20892222- ChEBI
CHEBI:63042- UNII
- 864G646I84
- EC Number
- 231-439-8
- Nikkaji
- J43.853G
Properties
Computed structural properties
- Topological polar surface area
- 0 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 1
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Heavy atoms
- 2
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 2
Experimental & physicochemical properties
Physical Description
Dry Powder; Wet Solid; Dry Powder
Highly deliquescent white solid; [Merck Index] White powder, crystals, or beads; Hygroscopic; [Alfa Aesar MSDS]
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 550 °C · 550 °C (lit.)
- Boiling point
- 1265 °C · 1265 °C
- Density
- 1.57 g/mL · 1.57 g/mL at 25 °C
- vapor pressure
- 1 hPa · 1 hPa ( 748 °C)
- Flash point
- 1265 °C · 1265°C
- storage temp.
- Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
- solubility
- Methanol (Very Slightly, Heated), Water (Slightly)
- pka
- 2.64 · 2.64[at 20 ℃]
- form
- powder
- Specific Gravity
- 3.464 · 3.464
- color
- White
- PH
- 7 · 7 (20°C, 10g/L)
- Odor
- odorless
- Water Solubility
- 61 g/100 · 61 g/100 mL (25 º C)
- Sensitive
- Hygroscopic
- Merck
- 14 · 14,5526
- Stability
- Stable. Anhydrous form is extremely hygroscopic.
- InChI
- 1S/BrH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
- InChIKey
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- SMILES
- [Li+].[Br-]
- LogP
- -0.37 at · -0.37 at 25℃
- CAS DataBase Reference
- 7550 · 7550-35-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
- FDA UNII
- 864 G646I84 · 864G646I84
- NIST Chemistry Reference
- Lithium bromide(7550-35-8)
- EPA Substance Registry System
- Lithium bromide (7550-35-8)
- UNSPSC Code
- 12352302 · 12352302
- NACRES
- 55 · NA.55
- Symbol(GHS)
- 7 · GHS07
- Signal word
- Warning
- Hazard statements
- 315 · H315-H317-H319
- Precautionary statements
- 261 · P261-P264-P272-P280-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338
- Hazard Codes
- Xi
- Risk Statements
- 32 · 32-40-43-36/37 -36/37/38 -36/38
- Safety Statements
- 22 · 22-26-60-24/25-36/37-36/37/39
- WGK Germany
- 2 · 2
- RTECS
- 5755000 · OJ5755000
- F
- 3 · 3
- TSCA
- TSCA listed
- HS Code
- 28275900 · 28275900
- Storage Class
- 13 · 13 - Non Combustible Solids
- Hazard Classifications
- 4 OralEye · Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Irrit. 2Skin Irrit. 2Skin Sens. 1
- REACH Registrations
- Active
Safety & regulation
GHS classification
GHS Classification
Warning
H302 (98.2%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 279 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Danger
H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
Hazard information
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Lithium bromide (LiBr)
Lithium bromide (LiBr) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium bromide (LiBr) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 13-03-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13642
Lithium bromide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Hazards Summary
Causes flaccid paralysis with appropriate anesthesia, tetany, and arrhythmias in oral lethal-dose studies of mice; [RTECS] High doses may cause CNS depression and disturbed blood electrolyte balance; Chronic exposure may cause skin eruptions and adverse CNS effects; [Merck Index] A skin and strong eye irritant; Harmful by ingestion; [Alfa Aesar MSDS] See Lithium and Bromine.
Hazard Classes and Categories
Acute Tox. 4 (98.2%)
Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4
Skin sensitization - Category 1B
Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4
Safety & protection
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)
1.5 [mg/m3]
17 [mg/m3]
100 [mg/m3]
Toxicology
Treatment
EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.
Health Effects
Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627)
Toxicity Summary
Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543)
Signs and Symptoms
Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (L626, L627)
Safety data
- F
- 3
- wgk
- 2
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- rtecs
- OJ5755000
- hs_code
- 28275900
- risk_code
- 32-40-43-36/37 -36/37/38 -36/38
- Signal word
- Warning
- Symbol(GHS)
- GHS07
- hazard_code
- Xi
- safety_code
- 22-26-60-24/25-36/37-36/37/39
- Storage Class
- 13 - Non Combustible Solids
- Hazard statements
- H315-H317-H319
- REACH Registrations
- Active
- Hazard Classifications
- Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Irrit. 2Skin Irrit. 2Skin Sens. 1
- Precautionary statements
- P261-P264-P272-P280-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
Metabolism/Metabolites
Bromine is mainly absorbed via inhalation, but may also enter the body through dermal contact. Bromine salts can be ingested. Due to its reactivity, bromine quickly forms bromide and may be deposited in the tissues, displacing other halogens. (L626)
FDA Pharmacological Classification
LITHIUM BROMATUM
Mood Stabilizer [EPC]
Uses & manufacturing
General Manufacturing Information
Petroleum Refineries
Lithium bromide (LiBr): ACTIVE
Applications
DescriptionLithium bromide (LiBr) is the chemical compound of lithium and bromine. It has extreme hygroscopic, making it a suitable desiccant in the air conditioning systems. It can also be used in absorption chilling together with water. It is also useful in the organic synthesis such as forming adduct with some pharmaceuticals. In medical fields, it can be used as a sedative and used for the treatment of bipolar disorder. It can be manufactured by the treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid.
UsesLithium bromide is used in absorption, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. A highly concentrated solution of the salt is an efficient absorbent of water vapor. The vapor pressure of such solution is very low. Other applications include the use of the salt as a swelling agent for wool, hair and other organic fibers; as a catalyst in dehydrohalogenation reactions; and as a sedative and hypnotic in medicine.
UsesLithium Bromide finds use as a desiccant in industrial air conditioning systems and industrial drying agents.
UsesIt is used for reconstitution of brines, as swelling agent for proteins and as electrolyte component in lithium battery. Used as brazing and welding flux. Lithium bromide is used as catalyst for the condensation of carbonyl compounds with active methylene compounds in the absence of solvent, operating medium for air-conditioning and industrial drying system. Also used in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and alkylation process. It also plays an important role in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones.
UsesAs humectant, in air-conditioning systems. An aqueous solution of lithium bromide containing about 50 % lithium bromide is used as an absorbent in large-scale absorption air conditioning equipment. Lithium bromide is also used in limited amounts by the pharmaceutical industry for dehydrobromination of organic compounds to form olefins.
General DescriptionLiBr/Chlorotrimethylsilane reagent participates in the conversion of alcohols to bromides.
Preparation methods
PreparationLithium bromide is prepared by neutralizing lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid, followed by concentration and crystallization: LiOH + HBr → LiBr + H2O Li2CO3 + HBr → LiBr + CO2 + H2O The salt is usually obtained as hydrates. Anhydrous lithium bromide is obtained by heating hydrated salt under vacuum.
PreparationLithium bromide may be prepared by the reaction of lithium hydroxide monohydrate or lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. The resultant solution of lithium bromide may be evaporated and cooled to crystallize a hydrate of lithium bromide, the composition of which depends on the final temperature. The lithium bromide hydrate may be filtered from the mixture and carefully dried by the application of heat in a vacuum desiccator to avoid melting the hydrate.
Upstream & downstream products
Upstream raw materials
Downstream products
Suppliers50 total
Additional notes
DefinitionChEBI: A lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt.
Related reactions
Linked notes
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