Gallium phosphide
Basic information
- CAS
12063-98-8- Standard SMILES
[P]#[Ga]- InChIKey
HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Molecular formula
- GaP
- Average molar mass
- 100.697 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 99.89934
Overview
Gallium phosphide is a phosphide of gallium. It is a semiconductor and optical material that is used for manufacture of low and standard brightness red, orange, and green light-emitting diodes. Metal phosphides are hydrolysed to phosphine upon contact with water or stomach acid. Phosphine is a colorless, flammable, explosive, and toxic gas. (L980, L985)
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- Gallium phosphide
- IUPAC
- gallanylidynephosphane
- English name
- GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE
- Molecular formula
- GaP
- Molecular weight
- 100.7
Names & synonyms
Gallium phosphide12063-98-8gallanylidynephosphaneGallium monophosphideGallium phosphide (GaP)3J421F73DVDTXSID60894184Gallium PhosphoricumRefChem:58069DTXCID301324226235-057-2CCRIS 4019
Show more names
GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE, 99.99%Galenium PhosphidegalliummonophosphidePhosphinidynegalliumgallium(III) phosphide
EINECS 235-057-2UNII-3J421F73DVSCHEMBL43606GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE [MI]Gallium phosphide, 99.99% metals basisGallium phosphide, 99.99% trace metals basisQ421416Gallium phosphide, (single crystal substrate), <111>, diam. x thickness 2 in. x 0.5 mm
Database identifiers
- CAS
12063-98-8- PubChem CID
- 82901
- DTXSID
DTXSID60894184- UNII
- 3J421F73DV
- EC Number
- 235-057-2
- Nikkaji
- J95.943J
Properties
Computed structural properties
- Topological polar surface area
- 0 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 0
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Heavy atoms
- 2
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 10
Experimental & physicochemical properties
Chemical Classes
Metals -> Phosphides
Flammable agents - 3rd degree
SpringerMaterials Propertiesvalence band parameter
Physical DescriptionAmber translucent solid; Greenish-yellow opaque solid if unreacted gallium present; [Merck Index] Pale orange solid; [Alfa Aesar MSDS]
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 1480 °C · 1480 °C
- Density
- 4.13 g/mL · 4.13 g/mL at 25 °C
- refractive index
- 2.9 · 2.9
- Flash point
- 230 °F · 230 °F
- form
- Solid
- Specific Gravity
- 4.1 · 4.1
- color
- Pale orange
- Resistivity
- 0.3 · ~0.3 Ω-cm
- Water Solubility
- Insoluble in water.
- Crystal Structure
Safety & regulation
Safety information is for reference only and does not replace the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS), applicable regulations, or professional assessment.
GHS classification
GHS Classification
Warning
H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P337+P317, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 99 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Hazard information
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Gallium phosphide (GaP)
The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
Hazards Summary
Causes flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage), somnolence, and effects on food intake in oral lethal-dose studies of mice; [RTECS] A strong eye irritant; [Alfa Aesar MSDS] See Gallium. See Aluminum phosphide. See PHOSPHIDES.
Hazard Classes and Categories
Eye Irrit. 2 (100%)
Flammable agents - 3rd degree, Reactive agents - 2nd degree
Toxicology
TreatmentAs there is no antidote for phosphine poisoning, treatment is mainly symptomatic. Artificial respiration, gastric lavage, and/or administration of activated charcoal may be necessary. (L982)
Health Effects
Inhalation of phosphine may cause severe pulmonary irritation leading to acute pulmonary oedema, cardiovascular dysfunction, CNS excitation, coma and death. Gastrointestinal disorders, renal damage and leukopenia may also occur. Chronic exposure to phosphine can result in anemia, bronchitis, gastrointestinal effects, and visual, speech and motor problems. (L980, L982)
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
Metabolism/Metabolites
Phosphine and metal phosphides may be absorbed following ingestion or inhalation, then distribute to the nervous system, liver, and kidney. In the body, metal phosphides are hydrolysed to phosphine, and phosphine is oxidized to hypophosphite and phosphite. Metabolites are excreted in the urine, while unchanged phosphine is exhaled. (L982)
Uses & manufacturing
Uses
Used in semiconductor electronics; [Merck Index]
Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]
Gallium phosphide is a semiconductor and optical material that is used for manufacture of low and standard brightness red, orange, and green light-emitting diodes. (L985)
General Manufacturing InformationGallium phosphide (GaP): ACTIVE
Applications
UsesIn semiconductor electronics.
UsesGalllium phosphide (GaP) is a light-colored highly pure crystal form used as “whiskers” and crystals in semiconductor devices.
UsesGallium phosphide (GaP) is used in semiconductor devices, and in the manufacture of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) doped with other elements or in combination with gallium arsenide phosphide. With appropriate dopants, p-type and n-type semiconductors can be produced. It is used in optical systems.
Preparation methods
PreparationThe compound is prepared by vapor phase reaction of gallium suboxide, Ga2O and phosphorus. It is produced in polycrystalline form or as single crystals or whiskers in high purity grade for use in semiconducting devices.
Upstream & downstream products
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Compound notes
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